中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (10): 1271-1277.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0536

所属专题: 内分泌代谢性疾病最新文章合集 安全用药最新文章合集 老年人合理用药专题研究 老年问题最新文章合集

• 论著·糖尿病管理专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

高龄老年2型糖尿病患者多重用药特点分析

陈晓敏, 张丽娜, 李友佳*()   

  1. 710004 陕西省西安市,西安交通大学第二附属医院药学部
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-14 修回日期:2023-01-24 出版日期:2023-04-05 发布日期:2023-02-09
  • 通讯作者: 李友佳
  • 陈晓敏,张丽娜,李友佳.高龄老年2型糖尿病患者多重用药特点分析[J].中国全科医学,2023,26(10):1271-1277.[www.chinagp.net]

    作者贡献:陈晓敏、李友佳负责文章的构思与设计;陈晓敏、张丽娜负责文献/资料收集与整理;陈晓敏负责论文撰写与修订;李友佳负责文章的可行性分析、论文的修订、文章的质量控制及审校,并对文章整体负责,监督管理。
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2023-JC-QN-0805)——基于PIM筛查工具的老年糖尿病患者多重用药风险防控及优化策略; 中国药学会科技开发中心科普研究重点项目(CMEI2022KPYJ00228)——2型糖尿病患者合理用药科普干预及效果评价

Characteristic of Polypharmacy in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

CHEN Xiaomin, ZHANG Lina, LI Youjia*()   

  1. Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
  • Received:2022-07-14 Revised:2023-01-24 Published:2023-04-05 Online:2023-02-09
  • Contact: LI Youjia
  • About author:
    CHEN X M, ZHANG L N, LI Y J. Characteristic of polypharmacy in older adults with type 2 diabetes [J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26 (10): 1271-1277.

摘要: 背景 老年糖尿病患者数量随着人口老龄化的加剧迅速增加。高龄老年糖尿病患者多病共存、多重用药现象普遍存在,加强临床合理用药管理将有助于降低药品不良事件发生率,改善高龄老年糖尿病患者的临床结局。 目的 了解高龄老年2型糖尿病患者在降糖、降压、调脂、抗血小板等药物上的(多重)用药特点及规律,为促进合理用药提供参考。 方法 于2022年4月,采用整群抽样法,回顾性选取2020-04-01至2022-03-31在西安交通大学第二附属医院内分泌科住院的240例高龄老年2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,了解其住院期间药品使用情况、出院用药方案,采用描述性分析法对患者出院后的降糖、降压、调脂、抗血小板药物治疗方案等进行分析。 结果 高龄老年2型糖尿病患者平均出院诊断个数为(13.93±3.12)个,住院期间平均用药种数为(16.48±5.41)种,出院后平均长期用药种数为(8.21±2.46)种,出院后多重用药率达89.2%(214/240)。出院后,90.0%(216/240)的患者接受了降糖药物治疗,其中44.9%(97/216)的患者采用单一用药方案,58.3%(126/216)的患者使用了胰岛素;76.2%(183/240)的患者接受了降压药物治疗,其中44.3%(81/183)的患者采用单一用药方案,79.2%(145/183)的患者使用了钙通道阻滞剂;77.9%(187/240)的患者接受了调脂药物治疗,其中83.4%(156/187)的患者使用了阿托伐他汀;48.7%(117/240)的患者使用了抗血小板药物,其中使用阿司匹林者占77.8%(91/117)。35.0%(84/240)的患者同时接受了降糖、降压、调脂、抗血小板药物治疗。 结论 高龄老年2型糖尿病患者多重用药现象普遍,常同时使用降糖、降压、调脂、抗血小板药物,这从侧面反映出医务人员对高龄老年2型糖尿病患者进行了相对全面的评估、高龄老年2型糖尿病患者综合管理率较高,但部分药物的不合理选择与联用可能会导致药品不良事件发生。

关键词: 高龄老年人, 糖尿病,2型, 多重用药, 慢性病共病, 合理用药, 安全用药

Abstract:

Background

The number of elderly diabetic patients is increasing rapidly with the aggravation of population aging. The coexistence of multiple conditions and polypharmacy are common in elderly diabetic patients. Strengthening clinically rational drug use can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse drug events and improve outcomes in these patients.

Objective

To understand the characteristics and patterns of polypharmacy including hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, antiplatelet agents in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, so as to provide a reference for promoting rational medication use.

Methods

This study retrospectively selected 240 elderly inpatients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized in Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2022 by cluster sampling method in April 2022. The drugs used during hospitalization and post-discharge medication regimens were investigated. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the treatment regimens of hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, lipid-regulating and antiplatelet.

Results

On average, the participants had (13.93±3.12) diagnoses at discharge, (16.48±5.41) kinds of medications during hospitalization, and (8.21±2.46) kinds of long-term medications after discharge. The rate of polypharmacy after discharge reached 89.2% (214/240). After discharge, 216 cases (90.0%) received hypoglycemic treatment, among whom 44.9% (97/216) used single drug therapy, and 58.3% (126/216) were treated with insulin. One hundred and eighty-three cases (76.2%) were treated with antihypertensive therapy, including 44.3% (81/183) with single drug therapy and 79.2% (145/183) with calcium channel blockers. One hundred and eighty-seven cases (77.9%) received lipid-regulation therapy, and 83.4% (156/187) of them received atorvastatin. One hundred and seventeen cases (48.7%) used antiplatelet drugs, among whom 77.8% (91/117) used aspirin. Eighty-four cases (35.0%) received hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, lipid-regulating and antiplatelet therapies.

Conclusion

Polypharmacy is common in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, including hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, lipid-regulating, antiplatelet and other therapies, which indicates that they have received pre-treatment relatively comprehensive condition evaluation by medical workers. Although the rate of comprehensive management is high in this group, there are still some potential risks of adverse drug events due to irrational use of some drugs alone or in combination.

Key words: Advanced elderly, Diabetes mellitus, type 2, Polypharmacy, Multiple chronic conditions, Rational medication, Safe medication