中国全科医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (29): 3660-3667.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0609

所属专题: 社区卫生服务最新研究合辑

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

社区人群社会支持与抑郁症关系的横断面研究

赵紫淇1, 陈嘉琦1, 朱红敏1, 郑一展1, 王欢1, 胡佳琪1, 刘明月1, 王楠1, 罗政豪1, 陈新洋1, 李峥1, 张尚明珠1, 张皓若1, 宣小庆1, 武建辉2,3,*(), 张秀军1,*()   

  1. 1.063200 河北省唐山市,华北理工大学公共卫生学院
    2.063200 河北省唐山市,河北省煤矿卫生与安全重点实验室
    3.063200 河北省唐山市临床流行病学重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-06 修回日期:2025-05-14 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 武建辉, 张秀军

  • 作者贡献:

    赵紫淇负责文章构思与整体框架设计;赵紫淇、陈嘉琦、朱红敏、郑一展、王欢、胡佳琪负责数据收集、整理和录入;赵紫淇、陈嘉琦负责结果的分析与解释;刘明月、王楠、罗政豪、陈新洋参与论文修订;李峥、张尚明珠、张皓若、宣小庆负责论文的修订;武建辉、张秀军负责文章的质量控制及审校,并对文章整体负责,监督管理。

  • 基金资助:
    科技创新2030-"脑科学与类脑研究"重大项目(2030-2021ZD0200700)

A Cross-sectional Study on the Relationship between Social Support and Depression in Community Population

ZHAO Ziqi1, CHEN Jiaqi1, ZHU Hongmin1, ZHENG Yizhan1, WANG Huan1, HU Jiaqi1, LIU Mingyue1, WANG Nan1, LUO Zhenghao1, CHEN Xinyang1, LI Zheng1, ZHANG Shangmingzhu1, ZHANG Haoruo1, XUAN Xiaoqing1, WU Jianhui2,3,*(), ZHANG Xiujun1,*()   

  1. 1. School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063200, China
    2. Hebei Provincal Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Health and Safety, Tangshan 063200, China
    3. Tangshan Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Tangshan 063200, China
  • Received:2025-01-06 Revised:2025-05-14 Published:2025-10-15 Online:2025-08-26
  • Contact: WU Jianhui, ZHANG Xiujun

摘要: 背景 抑郁症是全球范围内日益严重的公共卫生问题,目前根据《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第五版)》使用人格障碍定式访谈(SCID)诊断的抑郁症与社会支持之间的关系尚不明确。 目的 探讨社区人群社会支持与抑郁症的关系及改进策略。 方法 于2022年9月—2023年11月,收集参加健康体检的河北省唐山市开滦区马家沟社区居民2 549名,采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)评估其社会支持水平,根据《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第五版)》使用SCID对其进行抑郁症诊断。采用Logistic回归模型分析社会支持与抑郁症之间的关系,采用Lasso回归分析各变量的重要性,并对二者关系做进一步亚组分析。 结果 共纳入符合研究要求的社区居民2 189名,其中患抑郁症312名(14.25%),未患抑郁症1 877名(85.75%)。高水平社会支持者的抑郁症患病率为12.07%(225/1 864),中等水平社会支持者的抑郁症患病率为19.84%(51/257),低水平社会支持者的抑郁症患病率为52.94%(36/68)。在Lasso回归分析中,社会支持(系数=1.082)是对抑郁症影响最大的变量。Logistic回归分析结果显示,在调整了潜在混杂因素后,社会支持水平下降与抑郁症患病风险增加相关(P<0.05)。与高水平社会支持相比,中等水平社会支持与低水平社会支持者的抑郁症患病风险较高[OR(95%CI)分别为1.535(1.072~2.198)、4.993(2.823~8.830)],且这种关系在不同年龄、性别、幸福感亚组中均存在。 结论 社区人群中社会支持水平的提高与抑郁症患病风险降低相关,应采取措施提高社区人群社会支持水平。

关键词: 抑郁症, 社会支持, 横断面研究, 社区人群

Abstract:

Background

Depression is an increasingly serious public health problem worldwide, and the relationship between depression diagnosed using personality disorder formulaic interviews (SCID) and social support according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) is currently unclear.

Objective

To explore the relationship and improvement strategies between social support and depression in community populations.

Methods

From September 2022 to November 2023, a total of 2 549 people from Majiagou Community in Kailuan, Tangshan City, Hebei Province were collected for health examinations, the collection of social support is conducted by using Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and the diagnosis of depression is carried out through SCID in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition). Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between social support and depression, Lasso regression analysis was used to obtain variable importance, and further analyzed the relationship between social support and depression using subgroup analysis.

Results

This study included a total of 2 189 individuals who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, including 312 individuals (14.25%) with depression and 1 877 individuals (85.75%) without depression. The prevalence of depression in high-level social support was 12.07% (225/1 864), in moderate level social support it was 19.84% (51/257), and in low-level social support it was 52.94% (36/68). In Lasso regression analysis, social support (coefficient=1.082) was the most important variable affecting depression. Through multiple Logistic regression, it was found that a decrease in social support level was associated with an increased risk of depression. Compared with high-level social support, the OR (95%CI) of moderate level social support and low-level social support were 1.535 (1.072-2.198) and 4.993 (2.823-8.830), respectively, and this relationship existed in different age, gender, and well-being subgroups.

Conclusion

The improvement of social support level among the community population is related to the reduction of the risk of depression, and relevant measures should be taken to enhance the level of social support among the community population.

Key words: Depression, Social support, Cross-sectional study, Community populations