中国全科医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (29): 3653-3659.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0629

所属专题: 内分泌代谢性疾病最新文章合辑

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甲状腺功能正常的2型糖尿病患者甲状腺激素敏感性指标与骨质疏松症的关系研究

张媛1, 陈冠华1, 吕珊珊2, 荆亚莉1,*()   

  1. 1.210008 江苏省南京市,南京中医药大学鼓楼临床医学院内分泌科
    2.210008 江苏省南京市,南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院内分泌科
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-10 修回日期:2025-04-12 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 荆亚莉

  • 作者贡献:

    张媛查阅相关文献,整理研究思路,设计研究方案,负责论文起草;张媛、陈冠华选取研究对象,在电子病历系统中收集数据,负责数据的统计学分析、图表的展示;吕珊珊提出研究目标,设计研究命题,指导论文修改;荆亚莉负责研究过程的监督管理,负责审核研究结果,指导论文修改,修订最终版本,并对论文负责。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(82374554); 南京鼓楼医院2024年临床研究项目(2024-LCYJ-ZXY-02)

Relationship between Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity Indices and Osteoporosis in Patients with Normal Thyroid Function Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

ZHANG Yuan1, CHEN Guanhua1, LYU Shanshan2, JING Yali1,*()   

  1. 1. Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China
    2. Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
  • Received:2025-01-10 Revised:2025-04-12 Published:2025-10-15 Online:2025-08-26
  • Contact: JING Yali

摘要: 背景 随着老龄化的加剧,2型糖尿病(T2DM)并发骨质疏松症患病率逐年上升,同时发现甲状腺激素敏感性受损与骨代谢异常发生相关,但目前关于T2DM患者甲状腺激素敏感性与骨质疏松症发生风险的相关研究较少。 目的 分析甲状腺功能正常的T2DM患者甲状腺激素敏感性指数与骨质疏松症的关系。 方法 选取2022—2023年南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院内分泌科收治的甲状腺功能正常的T2DM患者723例,并依据骨密度(BMD)测定结果将其分为三组:骨量正常组(n=362)、骨量减少组(n=291)以及骨质疏松症组(n=70)。分别测量并计算患者的甲状腺反馈分位指数(TFQI)、促甲状腺激素指数(TSHI)、促甲状腺素抵抗指数(TT4RI)和游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸与游离甲状腺素比值(FT3/FT4),以评估甲状腺激素敏感性。采用单因素方差分析、χ2检验进行组间比较;采用Spearman秩相关分析、多因素Logistic回归分析探究T2DM患者甲状腺激素敏感性指数与骨质疏松症发生风险的关联。采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)评估TFQI预测骨质疏松症的价值。 结果 骨质疏松症组年龄、女性所占比例、糖尿病病程、收缩压、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、TFQI高于骨量正常组,舒张压、BMI、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、肌酐、三酰甘油、FT3、FT3/FT4低于骨量正常组(P<0.05);骨质疏松症组年龄、女性所占比例、糖尿病病程、收缩压、2 hPG、HDL-C、TFQI高于骨量减少组,ALT、肌酐、三酰甘油、FT3和FT3/FT4低于骨量减少组(P<0.05)。Spearmen秩相关分析结果显示,T2DM患者并发骨质疏松症与TFQI呈正相关(rs=0.553,P<0.001),与FT3和FT3/FT4呈负相关(rs=-0.098,P=0.009;rs=-0.080,P=0.031)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,经调整混杂因素后,TFQI是T2DM患者并发骨质疏松症的危险因素(OR=6.612,95%CI=5.793~8.192,P<0.05)。TFQI预测T2DM患者并发骨质疏松症风险的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.831(95%CI=0.794~0.867),最佳截断值为-0.029,灵敏度、特异度分别为100.0%、55.4%。 结论 甲状腺功能正常T2DM患者TFQI水平的升高与更高的骨质疏松症发生风险相关,提示在该群体中甲状腺激素中枢敏感性降低与骨质疏松症的发生有关。

关键词: 糖尿病,2型, 骨质疏松, 骨密度, 甲状腺, 甲状腺激素类, 预测

Abstract:

Background

With the increasing aging population, the prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising year by year. It has also been found that impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormone is associated with abnormal bone metabolism. However, there are few studies on the relationship between thyroid hormone sensitivity and the risk of osteoporosis in patients with T2DM.

Objective

To analyze the relationship between thyroid hormone sensitivity index and osteoporosis in T2DM patients with normal thyroid function.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 723 T2DM patients with normal thyroid function admitted to the Department of Endocrinology of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School from 2022 to 2023. Based on the results of bone mineral density (BMD) measurements, the patients were divided into three groups: normal bone mass group (n=362), osteopenia group (n=291), and osteoporosis group (n=70). The thyroid feedback quotient index (TFQI), thyroid-stimulating hormone index (TSHI), thyroid-stimulating hormone resistance index (TT4RI), and the ratio of free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine (FT3/FT4) were measured and calculated in each patient to assess thyroid hormone sensitivity. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square test were used for intergroup comparisons. Spearman's rank correlation analysis and ultivariate Logistic regression analysis were employed to explore the association between thyroid hormone sensitivity indices and the risk of osteoporosis in T2DM patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to evaluate the value of TFQI in predicting osteoporosis

Results

The osteoporosis group had higher age, proportion of females, diabetes duration, systolic blood pressure, 2-hour postprandial glucose (2 hPG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and TFQI compared with the normal bone mass group (P<0.05). In contrast, BMI, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), diastolic blood pressure, creatinine, triglycerides, FT3, and FT3/FT4 were lower in the osteoporosis group than in the normal bone mass group (P<0.05). The osteoporosis group also had higher age, proportion of females, diabetes duration, systolic blood pressure, 2 hPG, HDL-C, and TFQI compared with the osteopenia group (P<0.05), while ALT, creatinine, triglycerides, FT3, and FT3/FT4 were lower (P<0.05). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the occurrence of osteoporosis in T2DM patients was positively correlated with TFQI (rs=0.553, P<0.001) and negatively correlated with FT3 and FT3/FT4 (rs=-0.098, P=0.009; rs=-0.080, P=0.031). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that, after adjusting for confounding factors, TFQI was positively associated with the risk of osteoporosis in T2DM patients (OR=6.612, 95%CI=5.793-8.192, P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for predicting the risk of osteoporosis in T2DM patients using TFQI was 0.831 (95%CI=0.794-0.867), with a best cutoff value of -0.029. The sensitivity and specificity were 100.0% and 55.4%, respectively.

Conclusion

Elevated levels of TFQI are associated with a higher risk of osteoporosis in T2DM patients with normal thyroid function, suggesting that reduced central sensitivity to thyroid hormone in this population is related to the development of osteoporosis.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2, Osteoporosis, Bone mineral density, Thyroid gland, Thyroid hormones, Forecasting

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