关键词: 生活行为因素, 抑郁症, 横断面研究, 社区人群

Abstract: Background Depression is an increasingly serious public health problem worldwide, and the relationship between lifestyle factors diagnosed using personality disorder formulaic interviews according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) and depression is currently unclear. Objective To explore the relationship between lifestyle behavior factors and depression in community populations. Method A survey was conducted in Majiagou Community, Kailuan, Tangshan City from 2022 to 2023, and relevant information was collected through questionnaire surveys and physical examinations. Adopting a single factor, stratified adjusted logistic regression model to analyze the relationship between lifestyle factors and depression, using the XGBoost model and SHapley additive interpretation to analyze the contribution values of variables, and further analyzing the relationship between lifestyle factors and depression through subgroup analysis. Result A total of 2189 people were included in this study, including 312 people (14.25%) with depression and 1877 people (85.75%) without depression. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, it was found that severe insomnia (OR=10.516, 95% CI=6.385~17.320), drinking alcohol at least once a week (OR=2.100, 95% CI=1.292~3.412), and using mobile phones for≥12 hours a day (OR=9.279, 95% CI=6.182~13.929) were associated with an increased risk of depression. Keeping pets (OR=0.632, 95% CI=0.475~0.842) and exercising almost every day (OR=0.257, 95% CI=0.162~0.407) were associated with a reduced risk of depression, and consistent conclusions were drawn in subgroup analysis. The XGBoost model and SHapley additive explanatory analysis obtained the contribution values of each variable as insomnia (SHAP value=0.051), physical exercise (SHAP value=0.034), alcohol consumption (SHAP value=0.024), daily mobile phone usage duration (SHAP value=0.018), and whether or not pets are kept (SHAP value=0.013). Conclusion Insomnia is the most important variable affecting depression among lifestyle factors, followed by physical exercise, alcohol consumption, daily mobile phone usage, and whether or not pets are kept.

Key words: lifestyle behavior factors, depression, cross-sectional study, community populations