中国全科医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (30): 3823-3830.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0716

• 论著·用药指导 • 上一篇    下一篇

非甾体抗炎药在内镜逆行胰胆管造影术后胰腺炎预防中的给药时机和影响因素研究

武向鹏1,*(), 李恩君1, 李雄伟1, 王海红1, 崔薇2, 武向丽3, 祁卫华4, 侯森林5   

  1. 1.056008 河北省邯郸市中心医院普外六科
    2.056008 河北省邯郸市中心医院放疗医技科
    3.056008 河北省邯郸市中心医院药学部
    4.056008 河北省邯郸市中心医院肿瘤二科
    5.050000 河北省石家庄市,河北医科大学第二医院
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-25 修回日期:2025-02-13 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2025-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 武向鹏
  • 本文首次刊登于Precision Medication 2025年第1期(https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prmedi.2025.100026)


    作者贡献:

    武向鹏负责研究课题选定,研究方案制订,项目管理,资源统筹;李恩君负责数据收集整理,结果验证;李雄伟负责研究方案制订,数据分析,结果验证;王海红负责数据整理,数据收集整理;崔薇负责数据整理,论文撰写,论文修改;武向丽负责数据分析,研究监督指导;祁卫华负责数据整理,数据分析;侯森林负责研究监督指导,项目管理。

  • 基金资助:
    河北省重点研发计划项目卫生健康创新专项(22377734D)

Timing of Administration and Combination Therapy of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs for the Prevention of Post-endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis

WU Xiangpeng1,*(), LI Enjun1, LI Xiongwei1, WANG Haihong1, CUI Wei2, WU Xiangli3, QI Weihua4, HOU Senlin5   

  1. 1. Sixth Department of General Surgery, Handan Central Hospital, Handan 056008, China
    2. Department of Radiotherapy, Handan Central Hospital, Handan 056008, China
    3. Department of Pharmacy, Handan Central Hospital, Handan 056008, China
    4. Second Department of Oncology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan 056008, China
    5. The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
  • Received:2024-11-25 Revised:2025-02-13 Published:2025-10-20 Online:2025-08-18
  • Contact: WU Xiangpeng

摘要: 背景 内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)是诊断和治疗胆胰疾病的标准方法,但ERCP后胰腺炎(PEP)是严重的并发症之一。非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)因其抗炎和镇痛作用,可能在预防PEP中发挥作用。探索适合的用药时机及联合用药效果,有助于降低PEP发生风险。 目的 本研究旨在评估NSAIDs在PEP预防中的给药时机及影响因素,以确定其在临床实践中的最佳应用。 方法 纳入2021年12月—2023年12月在邯郸市中心医院普外科及肿瘤科接受ERCP治疗的866例受检者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为术前用药组(431例)与术后用药组(435例),其中术前用药组分为术前单独用药亚组(210例)和术前联合用药亚组(221例),术后用药组分为术后单独用药亚组(247例)、术后联合用药亚组(188例)。术前单独用药亚组于ERCP前30 min肌肉注射双氯芬酸钠75 mg,术前联合用药亚组同期加用吲哚美辛栓100 mg肛塞;术后单独用药亚组于ERCP术后即刻肌肉注射双氯芬酸钠75 mg,术后联合用药亚组同步给予双氯芬酸钠75 mg肌肉注射及吲哚美辛栓100 mg肛塞。所有干预为单次给药。主要观察指标包括PEP的发生率和严重程度、术后穿孔、出血、胆管炎的发生率。采用多因素Logistic回归分析受检者PEP发生的影响因素。 结果 4个亚组受检者PEP发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中,术前单独用药亚组PEP发生率低于术后单独用药亚组和术后联合用药亚组(P<0.05),术前联合用药亚组PEP发生率低于术后单独用药亚组和术后联合用药亚组(P<0.05);4个亚组PEP严重程度和不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,BMI≥24 kg/m2(OR=3.751,95%CI=2.293~6.136)、酗酒(OR=2.624,95%CI=1.520~4.529)、糖尿病(OR=2.687,95%CI=1.559~4.634)、插管时间>10 min(OR=4.229,95%CI=2.531~7.066)及使用双导丝技术(OR=3.542,95%CI=2.159~5.809)是PEP发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05);B超提示肝外胆管扩张是PEP发生的保护因素(OR=0.573,95%CI=0.347~0.947,P<0.05)。 结论 BMI≥24 kg/m2、酗酒、糖尿病和插管时间>10 min及使用双导丝技术是PEP发生的独立危险因素,ERCP术前预防性使用吲哚美辛栓剂及双氯芬酸钠可以有效降低PEP发生风险。

关键词: 内镜逆行胰胆管造影术, 胰腺炎, 不良反应, 吲哚美辛栓剂, 双氯芬酸钠

Abstract:

Background

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a standard method for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary and pancreatic diseases, but post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) is one of the serious complication. Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may play a role in the prevention of PEP due to their anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. To explore the appropriate timing of medication and the effect of combined medication can help reduce the risk of PEP occurrence.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the administration timing and influencing factors of NSAIDs in PEP prevention, in order to determine the best application in clinical practice.

Methods

A total of 866 patients who underwent ERCP in the Department of General Surgery and Oncology of Handan Central Hospital from December 2021 to December 2023 were included as the research objects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into preoperative medication group (431 cases) and postoperative medication group (435 cases). Among them, the preoperative medication group was divided into the preoperative medication alone subgroup (210 cases) and the preoperative combined medication subgroup (221 cases), and the postoperative medication group was divided into the postoperative medication alone subgroup (247 cases) and the postoperative combined medication subgroup (188 cases). In the preoperative medication alone subgroup, 75 mg diclofenac sodium was intramuscularly injected 30 min before ERCP, and in the preoperative medication combination subgroup, 100 mg indomethacin suppository was added to the anal plug at the same time; The single drug group was given 75 mg diclofenac sodium intramuscularly immediately after ERCP, and the combined drug group was given 75 mg diclofenac sodium intramuscularly and 100 mg indomethacin suppository anal plug simultaneously after ERCP. All interventions were single dose. The main outcome measures included the incidence and severity of PEP, the incidence of postoperative perforation, bleeding, and cholangitis. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of PEP.

Results

There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of PEP among the four subgroups (P<0.05). The incidence of PEP in the preoperative medication alone subgroup was lower than that in the postoperative medication alone subgroup and the postoperative combination subgroup (P<0.05), and the incidence of PEP in the preoperative combination subgroup was lower than that in the postoperative medication alone subgroup and the postoperative combination subgroup (P<0.05) ; There was no significant difference in the severity of PEP and the incidence of adverse reactions among the four subgroups (P>0.05). The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, BMI≥24 kg/m2 (OR=3.751, 95%CI=2.293-6.136), alcohol abuse (OR=2.624, 95% CI=1.520-4.529), diabetes mellitus (OR =2.687, 95%CI=1.559-4.634), intubation time >10 min (OR=4.229, 95%CI=2.531-7.066) and the use of double guide wire technology (OR=3.542, 95%CI=2.159-5.809) were the independent risk factors of PEP (P<0.05), B-ultrasound showed that extrahepatic bile duct dilatation was a protective factor for PEP (OR=0.573, 95%CI=0.347-0.947, P<0.05) .

Conclusion

BMI≥24 kg/m2, alcohol abuse, diabetes, intubation time >10 min and the use of double guide wire technology are independent risk factors for the occurrence of PEP. Preoperative prophylactic use of indomethacin suppositories and diclofenac sodium before ERCP can effectively reduce the risk of PEP.

Key words: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, Pancreatitis, Adverse reactions, Indomethacin suppositories, Diclofenac sodium

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