中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (06): 750-755.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.02.090

所属专题: 内分泌代谢性疾病最新文章合集 老年人群健康最新文章合集 老年问题最新文章合集

• 老年健康问题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

老年糖尿病患病风险与体力活动的关联研究

顾云娟1,2, 吴尚熹1, 吕婧怡1, 周阳1, 陈伦文1, 陆青云1, 鲁菊英2, 张晓义2, 梁源源1, 肖静1,*   

  1. 1.226019 江苏省南通市,南通大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系
    2.226001 江苏省南通市,南通大学附属医院内分泌科
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-16 修回日期:2021-10-08 出版日期:2022-02-20 发布日期:2022-01-25
  • 通讯作者: 肖静
  • 基金资助:
    南通市科技局项目(MS12020015,MS22019005,MS12019033);2020年度南通市基层卫生健康研究课题(2020JCC032)

Study on the Relationship between the Risk of Elderly Diabetes and Physical Activity

GU Yunjuan12WU Shangxi1LYU Jingyi1ZHOU Yang1CHEN Lunwen1LU Qingyun1LU Juying2ZHANG Xiaoyi2LIANG Yuanyuan1XIAO Jing1*   

  1. 1.Department of Epidemiology and Health StatisticsSchool of Public HealthNantong UniversityNantong 226019China

    2.Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong 226001China

    *Corresponding authorXIAO JingMaster supervisorE-mailjxiaont@ntu.edu.cn

  • Received:2021-07-16 Revised:2021-10-08 Published:2022-02-20 Online:2022-01-25

摘要: 背景我国老年糖尿病的发病率日益升高,而治愈率和控制率较低,有研究表明,体力活动(PA)能够缓解老年糖尿病的发生发展,但不同种类、不同强度的PA及其运动能量消耗对老年糖尿病的影响作用大小尚未明确,有关研究报道较少。目的了解老年糖尿病患病风险与PA的关联程度和趋势,为制定老年人糖尿病防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样,于2017年10月至2018年6月抽取江苏省南通市港闸区、通州区、启东市、海门市、如皋市和海安市有户籍且实际连续居住1年以上的13 022例60岁及以上老年居民,其中糖尿病患者2 698例,依据倾向性评分法按照年龄1∶1匹配无糖尿病者2 698例。收集调查对象一般人口学、体格检查、实验室检查指标等信息,并参照国际体力活动量表调查PA和静坐时间等行为生活方式。采用多因素条件Logistic回归分析与样条回归分析探究PA各指标与老年糖尿病的关联。结果多因素条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,休闲体力活动(LPA)、职业体力活动(OPA)每增加1个强度等级,老年糖尿病患病风险分别平均下降18%和24%(P<0.000 1);且LPA、OPA、交通体力活动(CPA)和总PA能量消耗越高,老年糖尿病患病风险越低(P<0.000 1)。每日步数≥6 000步可降低66%的糖尿病患病风险(P<0.05)。每周静坐时间越长,老年糖尿病患病风险越高(P<0.000 1)。样条回归分析结果显示,随着OPA能量消耗的增加,老年糖尿病患病风险随之单调降低;随着CPA、LPA和总PA能量消耗的增加,老年糖尿病患病风险均为先降低后趋于平缓,不同性别与总人群的结果一致。结论中度、重度的LPA和OPA可降低老年糖尿病的患病风险,且随着不同种类运动能量消耗的增加,降低老年糖尿病患病风险作用增强,增强幅度先明显上升后趋于平缓,建议LPA能量消耗、CPA能量消耗和总PA能量消耗分别到达28 MET-h/w、18 MET-h/w和45 MET-h/w,最为适宜。

关键词: 糖尿病, 老年人, 体力活动, 倾向性评分

Abstract: Background

The prevalence of elderly diabetes is increasing in China recently, with lower cure and control rates. Some epidemiology studies have shown that physical activity (PA) can alleviate the prevalence and the development of elderly diabetes. However, the effects of different types and intensities of PA and their metabolic equivalent on elderly diabetes have not been clarified, and there are few related studies.

Objective

To understand the size and trend of the relationship between the risk of elderly diabetes and PA, in order to provide a scientific basis for formulating strategies for the prevention and control of elderly diabetes.

Methods

Based on the stratified cluster random sampling, a total of 13 022 elderly people aged 60 and above who had registered residence actually lived continuously for more than 1 year in Gangzha District, Tongzhou District, Qidong City, Haimen City, Rugao City, and Haian City of Jiangsu Province were selected from October 2017 to June 2018, including 2 698 diabetic patients. 2 698 non-diabetes people in the control group were matched with a age 1∶1 propensity score. The general demographic characters, laboratory indicators were collected, behavioral lifestyles such as physical activity and sitting time were investigated refer to the International Physical Activity Scale. Multivariate conditional Logistic regression and spline regression models were used to analyze the association between PA and elderly diabetes.

Results

Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that with the Leisure physical activity (LPA) and occupational physical activity (OPA) increased by one intensity level, the risk of elderly diabetes decreased by 18% and 24% (P<0.000 1). The higher the metabolic equivalent of LPA, OPA, commuting physical activity (CPA), and total PA, the lower the risk of elderly diabetes (P<0.000 1). Daily steps ≥6 000 were associated with a 66% lower risk of diabetes (P<0.000 1), compared with daily steps <6 000. The longer thesitting time per week, the higher the risk of elderly diabetes (P<0.05). The results of spline regression showed that with the increased metabolic equivalent of OPA, the risk of elderly diabetes decreased monotonously. With the increase of metabolic equivalent of CPA, LPA, and total PA, the risk of elderly diabetes decreased first and then leveled off. The risk of different genders was consistent with the total population.

Conclusion

Moderate and severe LPA and OPA can reduce the risk of elderly diabetes, the effect of reducing the risk of elderly diabetes is enhanced, and the increased range increases significantly at first and then tends to flatten. The recommended LPA, CPA and total PA of 28 MET-h/w, 18 MET-h/w and 45 MET-h/w are optimal, respectively.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Aged, Physical activity, Propensity score

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