中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (01): 79-86.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.336

所属专题: 内分泌代谢性疾病最新文章合集 社区卫生服务最新研究合集 全民健康最新文章合集 运动相关研究最新文章合集

• 论著·社区糖尿病管理研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

健康素养和运动干预对社区2型糖尿病患者医疗不信任的影响研究

王梦妍1, 王蕾1, 陈英耀1, 方红2, 夏庆华3, Russell L Rothman4, 徐望红1,*   

  1. 1.200032 上海市,复旦大学公共卫生学院 国家卫生健康委员会卫生技术评估重点实验室
    2.201101 上海市闵行区疾病预防控制中心
    3.200336 上海市长宁区疾病预防控制中心
    4.Department of Medicine,Vanderbilt University Medical Center,Nashville 37203,TN,USA
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-20 修回日期:2021-11-24 出版日期:2022-01-05 发布日期:2021-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 徐望红
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社科规划基金项目(14YJAZH092);美国中华医学基金会(CMB)公开竞争项目(13-159)

Effect of Health Literacy and Exercise Intervention on Medical Mistrust of Type 2 Diabetes Patients in the Community

WANG Mengyan1WANG Lei1CHEN Yingyao1FANG Hong2XIA Qinghua3Russell L Rothman4XU Wanghong1*   

  1. 1.School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Health Technology AssessmentNational Health Commission),Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

    2.Central for Disease Control and Prevention in Minhang District of ShanghaiShanghai 201101China

    3.Central for Disease Control and Prevention in Changning District of ShanghaiShanghai 200336China

    4.Department of MedicineVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashville 37203TNUSA

    *Corresponding authorXU WanghongProfessorDoctoral supervisorE-mailwanghong.xu@fudan.edu.cn

  • Received:2021-07-20 Revised:2021-11-24 Published:2022-01-05 Online:2021-12-29

摘要: 背景医疗不信任可降低患者的医嘱遵从度和服药依从性,影响临床结局,可通过有效的干预得以改善,但相关研究较少。目的评估健康素养干预和运动干预对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者医疗不信任的影响。方法本研究基于2015年2月至2016年3月开展的一项整群随机对照试验(RCT)。采用多阶段抽样法在上海市闵行区和长宁区各4家社区卫生服务中心的糖尿病管理系统中招募T2DM患者800例,以社区为群随机分入对照组和3个干预组。所有患者接受常规护理,3个干预组在此基础上分别实施基于提高糖尿病教育伙伴关系(PRIDE)工具包的健康素养干预、运动干预、健康素养+运动干预(综合干预)。基线时和干预实施3、6、12个月后及干预结束12个月后对患者开展调查,调查工具包括汉化版健康素养管理表(c-HeLMS)、汉化版糖尿病计算能力测试量表(c-DNT-5)、汉化版医疗不信任指数量表(c-MMI)。采用广义估计方程评估干预效果。结果最终纳入780例患者。c-MMI量表在本人群中具有较好的信度和效度,Cronbach's α系数为0.826。c-MMI的中位得分为31(7)分,医疗不信任(≥30分)率为65.9%(514/780)。随访期间,四组患者的c-MMI得分及医疗不信任率整体呈下降趋势。与对照组相比,健康素养干预组在3、6个月时医疗不信任风险下降,OR(95%CI)分别为0.42(0.23,0.78)和0.46(0.24,0.88);运动干预组在6、12、24个月时医疗不信任风险下降,OR(95%CI)分别为0.50(0.25,0.99)、0.43(0.22,0.86)、0.37(0.19,0.72);综合干预组在6个月时医疗不信任风险降低,OR(95%CI)为0.30(0.16,0.56)。结论基于PRIDE工具包的健康素养干预和步行运动干预均可有效降低T2DM患者的c-MMI得分,有助于改善患者的医疗不信任。

关键词: 糖尿病, 2型, 健康管理, 健康素养, 步行, 医生病人关系, 医疗不信任, 提高糖尿病教育伙伴关系工具包

Abstract: Background

Medical distrust in patients has been related with poor compliance to medications and suboptimal clinical outcomes. Effective interventions may improve medical distrust in patients which is warranted specific studies.

Objective

To evaluate the effect of health literacy and exercise interventions on medical mistrust in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) .

Methods

This study was based on a cluster randomized-controlled trial conducted during February 2015 to March 2016. A total of 800 T2DM patients were recruited from four community health service centers in Minhang and Changning Districts of Shanghai by using a multi-stage sampling method. All patients were randomly divided into the control group and 3 intervention groups in the community. Routine care was provided to all the patients, and on this basis, health literacy intervention, exercise intervention and health literacy + exercise intervention (comprehensive intervention) were performed to the three intervention groups based on partnership to improve diabetes education (PRIDE) toolkit, respectively. Information was collected using the Chinese versions of Health Literacy Management Scale (c-HeLMS) , the 5-item Diabetes Numeracy Test Scale (c-DNT-5) , and Medical Mistrust Index (c-MMI) at baseline, 3-, 6-, 12- (end of intervention) and 24-months follow-up (post-intervention) . The generalized estimating equation was used to evaluate the effect of the interventions at each time point.

Results

A total of 780 patients were recruited in this study. The c-MMI was a reliable and valid scale to measure medical mistrust in our subjects, with Cronbach's α of 0.826. The median score and interquartile range of c-MMI was 31 (7) at baseline while the rate of medical mistrust (scores≥30) was 65.9% (514/780) , both of which decreased at almost each follow-up survey in four groups. Compared with the control group, a lower risk of medical mistrust was observed at the 3-months〔OR (95%CI) =0.42 (0.23, 0.78) 〕 and 6-months of follow-up〔OR (95%CI) =0.46 (0.24, 0.88) 〕 for the health literacy group, at the 6-months〔OR (95%CI) =0.50 (0.25, 0.99) 〕, 12-months〔OR (95%CI) =0.43 (0.22, 0.86) 〕 and 24-months of follow-up〔OR (95%CI) =0.37 (0.19, 0.72) 〕 for the exercise group, and at the 6-months〔OR (95%CI) =0.30 (0.16, 0.56) 〕 for the comprehensive group.

Conclusion

Both health literacy and exercise intervention may effectively decrease the scores of c-MMI and reduce the risk of medical mistrust in diabetes patients.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2, Health management, Health literacy, Walking, Physician-patient relations, Medical mistrust, Partnership to improve diabetes education toolkit

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