中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (01): 43-49.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.326

所属专题: 内分泌代谢性疾病最新文章合集 健康公平性最新文章合集

• 论著·卫生服务利用研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国2型糖尿病患者国家基本公共卫生服务利用情况及与管理效果的关系研究

刘美岑, 杨凌鹤, 陈新月, 刘远立, 尤莉莉*   

  1. 100730 北京市,中国医学科学院&北京协和医学院卫生健康管理政策学院
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-27 修回日期:2021-10-19 出版日期:2022-01-05 发布日期:2021-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 尤莉莉
  • 基金资助:
    美国中华医学基金会项目(CMB)(18-296);国家卫生健康委委托项目——国家基本公共卫生服务十年效果评估

Utilization of National Essential Public Health Services and Its Relationship with Management Effect in Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Patients

LIU MeicenYANG LingheCHEN XinyueLIU YuanliYOU Lili*   

  1. School of Health Policy and ManagementChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

    *Corresponding authorYOU LiliAssociate professorMaster supervisorE-mailyoulily_pumc@163.com

  • Received:2021-04-27 Revised:2021-10-19 Published:2022-01-05 Online:2021-12-29

摘要: 背景国家基本公共卫生服务项目自2009年至今已开展10余年,是我国迄今为止针对糖尿病患者开展的最大范围的人群干预实践,了解这一人群干预实践的利用情况及其管理效果非常重要。目的了解我国糖尿病患者国家基本公共卫生服务的利用情况、管理效果及两者之间的关联。方法于2019年11—12月采用多阶段分层抽样方法选取我国东部、中部、西部5个市10个区/县20个社区卫生服务中心或乡镇卫生院接受服务的1 527例≥35岁的2型糖尿病患者为调查对象。采用自行设计的问卷开展面对面调查,获取其一般资料、国家基本共卫生服务利用情况及健康管理效果。结果2型糖尿病患者自报的健康档案建档率为90.34%(1 375/1 522),随时查看居民健康档案率为52.80%(725/1 373),规范血糖检测率为83.69%(1 262/1 508),规范随访率为90.18%(1 377/1 527),最近1次随访中入户随访和就诊时随访比例分别为29.24%(443/1 515)和61.06%(925/1 515)。管理效果分析结果显示,居家自测血糖率为53.57%(818/1 527),最近6个月规范服药率为89.26%(1 363/1 527),最近1次随访时血糖控制满意率为65.23%(996/1 527),总体服务满意度为95.15%(1 453/1 527)。在年龄≥65岁糖尿病患者中,不同建立居民健康档案情况、过去1年中医药服务接受情况患者的过去1年自测血糖率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同过去1年随访次数患者的最近6个月规律服药率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同随时查看健康档案情况、过去1年中医药服务接受情况、过去1年血糖检测次数及最近1次随访形式不同的患者的总体服务满意率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在年龄35~64岁糖尿病患者中,不同建立居民健康档案情况、随时查看居民健康档案情况、过去1年接受中医药服务情况、过去1年血糖检测次数及过去1年随访次数的患者过去1年自测血糖率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);最近1次随访形式不同的患者最近6个月规律服药率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同随时查看健康档案情况患者的血糖控制满意率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);居民健康档案建立情况和最近1次随访形式不同的患者的总体服务满意率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论国家基本公共卫生服务影响了我国2型糖尿病患者基于社区的健康管理活动,其规范实施加强了糖尿病患者的健康管理效果和总体服务满意度。

关键词: 基本公共卫生服务, 设施与服务利用, 糖尿病, 2型, 社区卫生服务, 病人满意度

Abstract: Background

The national essential public health services (NEPHS) , which have been implemented since 2009, may be the largest population-based intervention practice for Chinese patients with diabetes currently. It is important to understand the utilization and management effect of such services in diabetic population over this period of more than 10 years of development.

Objective

To understand the utilization and management effect of NEPHS as well as their association in Chinese type 2 diabetics.

Methods

By use of multi-stage stratified sampling, 1 527 type 2 diabetics (≥35 years old) were selected from 20 community (township) health centers in 10 districts (counties) of 5 cities in eastern, central and western China during November to December 2019. Sociodemographic characteristics, utilization and management effect of NEPHS in these patients were collected by face-to-face surveys with a self-designed questionnaire.

Results

According to the survey, patients' self-reported rates of creating health records, use of health records, undergoing standardized blood glucose tests, and receiving standard follow-ups were 90.34% (1 375/1 522) , 52.80% (725/1 373) , 83.69% (1 262/1 508) , and 90.18% (1 377/1 527) , respectively. Household follow-ups and hospital follow-ups accounted for 29.24% (443/1 515) and 61.06% (925/1 515) of the total last follow-ups, respectively. The analysis of management effect showed that patients' self-reported rates of home-based self-monitoring blood glucose and regular medication in the past 6 months were 53.57% (818/1 527) , and 89.26% (1 363/1 527) , respectively. The rates of patients who were satisfied with glycemic control, and overall medical services assessed in the last follow-up were 65.23% (996/1 527) , and 95.15% (1 453/1 527) , respectively. In those≥65 years old, the prevalence of home-based self-monitoring blood glucose differed significantly by the creation of health records and Chinese medicine services (P<0.05) . The prevalence of regular medication differed significantly by number of follow-ups (P<0.05) . The level of overall satisfaction with services differed significantly by the access to personal medical records at any time, Chinese medicine services, number of home-based self-monitoring blood glucose, and type of follow-up (P<0.05) . In those aged from 35 to 64, the prevalence of home-based self-monitoring blood glucose differed significantly by the creation of health records, access to personal medical records at any time, Chinese medicine services, number of blood glucose testing, and number of follow-ups (P<0.05) . The prevalence of regular medication differed significantly by the type of follow-up (P<0.05) . The satisfaction rate of blood glucose control differed significantly by access to personal medical records at any time (P<0.05) . The overall service satisfaction rate differed significantly by follow-up type and creation of health records (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

NEPHS have influenced community-based management of type 2 diabetic patients, the standard implementation of which has enhanced the management effect and the overall service satisfaction in these patients.

Key words: Basic public health services, Facilities and services utilization, Diabetes mellitus, type 2, Community health services, Patient satisfaction

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