中国全科医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (20): 2867-2873.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0366

• 论著 • 上一篇    

血管内皮细胞钙黏蛋白水平与急性缺血性脑卒中后认知障碍发生风险的相关性研究

杨晓峰1,2, 李现文2,*(), 吴岩峰3, 张倩1, 陈娟1, 赵凤姣1   

  1. 1.210011 江苏省南京市,南京医科大学第二附属医院神经内科
    2.211166 江苏省南京市,南京医科大学护理学院
    3.210008 江苏省南京市,南京鼓楼医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-10 修回日期:2026-03-20 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-06-05
  • 通讯作者: 李现文

  • 作者贡献:

    杨晓峰设计研究思路、收集分析数据、撰写与修改论文;李现文指导研究思路,负责文章质量控制与审查;吴岩峰为课题组组长,提供研究资金,收集数据;张倩、陈娟、赵凤姣负责量表检测、数据收集。

  • 基金资助:
    江苏省卫生健康委2021年度医学科研立项项目(M2021064)

Association of Serum Vascular Endothelial Cadherin Levels with the Risk of Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke

YANG Xiaofeng1,2, LI Xianwen2,*(), WU Yanfeng3, ZHANG Qian1, CHEN Juan1, ZHAO Fengjiao1   

  1. 1. Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
    2. School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
    3. Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 210008, China
  • Received:2025-12-10 Revised:2026-03-20 Published:2026-07-15 Online:2026-06-05
  • Contact: LI Xianwen

摘要: 背景 急性缺血性脑卒中常会导致认知障碍,卒中后认知障碍(PSCI)的早期识别对改善脑卒中患者预后有重要意义,但目前尚无公认的PSCI血液标志物。 目的 探讨血管内皮细胞钙黏蛋白(VE-Cad)水平与急性缺血性脑卒中患者发生PSCI的相关性。 方法 选取2023年7月—2024年5月南京医科大学第二附属医院神经内科收治的急性缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象。患者于入院和出院3个月后分别完成蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评估,本研究将MoCA≤26分作为判断患者存在认知功能下降的标准,MMSE作为辅助评估。如患者认知功能下降持续3个月及以上,则纳入卒中后认知障碍组(PSCI组),其余患者纳入卒中后非认知障碍组(PSNCI组)。比较两组患者一般资料、实验室检查资料。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究VE-Cad与急性缺血性脑卒中患者发生PSCI的关系。绘制限制性立方样条图呈现VE-Cad水平与PSCI的相关性。 结果 最终纳入261例患者,平均年龄(66.6±10.9)岁;PSCI组176例,PSNCI组85例。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,VE-Cad是急性缺血性脑卒中患者发生PSCI的影响因素(OR=1.119,95%CI=1.024~1.223,P<0.05)。限制性立方样条图结果显示,VE-Cad水平与PSCI风险呈非线性关系(χ2=28.10,P<0.001),当VE-Cad>13.87 μg/L时,PSCI发生风险显著升高。 结论 血清VE-Cad水平与急性缺血性脑卒中后认知障碍发生风险有关,与其呈剂量-反应关系。

关键词: 卒中后认知障碍, 血管内皮细胞钙黏蛋白水平, 危险因素, Logistic模型, 数据相关性

Abstract:

Background

Cognitive dysfunction is a frequent consequence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Early detection of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is critical for optimizing the prognosis of stroke patients. To date, however, there remains a lack of widely accepted blood-based biomarkers for PSCI.

Objective

This study aimed to examine the association between serum levels of vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-Cad) and the development of PSCI in individuals with AIS.

Methods

The present study enrolled patients with AIS who were admitted to the Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, between July 2023 and May 2024. Patients completed the MoCA and the MMSE at admission and three months after discharge, respectively. In this study, a MoCA score ≤26 was used as the criterion for determining cognitive decline, while the MMSE served only as an auxiliary assessment. Patients with persistent cognitive decline for three months or longer were assigned to the post-stroke cognitive impairment group (PSCI group), and the remaining patients were assigned to the post-stroke non-cognitive impairment group (PSNCI group). Demographic characteristics and laboratory parameters were compared between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the association between serum VE-Cad levels and the risk of PSCI. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression was employed to visualize the dose-response relationship between VE-Cad levels and PSCI risk.

Results

A total of 261 patients with AIS were included in the final analysis, with a mean age of (66.6±10.9) years. Based on cognitive assessments conducted during hospitalization and at 3-month follow-up, 176 patients were classified into the PSCI group and 85 into the PSNCI group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified serum VE-Cad as an independent influencing factor for PSCI (OR=1.119, 95%CI=1.024-1.223, P<0.05). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a nonlinear association between VE-Cad levels and the risk of PSCI (χ2=28.10, P<0.001), with the risk increasing significantly when VE-Cad concentrations exceeded 13.87 μg/L.

Conclusion

Serum VE-Cad levels are associated with the risk of post-stroke cognitive impairment in patients with AIS, exhibiting a nonlinear dose-response relationship.

Key words: Post-stroke cognitive impairment, Vascular endothelial cell calcium-binding protein level, Risk factors, Logistic model, Data correlation

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