关键词: 高血压, 中老年, 患病率, 流行现状, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Background　Hypertension is a common chronic disease and a principal influencing factor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It has become one of the major public health problems in China. Objective　To analyze the prevalence of hypertension in the middle-aged and elderly population in China and identify its influencing factors，with a view to taking proactive measures in advance for high-risk factors to prevent the occurrence and progression of hypertension. Methods　People aged 45 and older who had been included in the China Health And Retirement Longitudinal Survey（CHARLS） in 2015 were taken as the research objects. The general demographic and sociological data，such as gender，age，place of residence，education background and marital status，and physical data，such as height and weight，and living data，such as sleep time，smoking and drinking habits，and other general data，such as results of health self-assessment，disease history and income as well as the status of hypertension were collected. The influencing factors of hypertension were analyzed by binary Logistic regression. Results　A total of 15 645 subjects were included in this study with an average age of （61.3±10.1）. And 5 379 patients had hypertension with the overall prevalence rate of 34.38%，of which the prevalence rate was 33.79%（2 504/7 410）in males and 34.91%（2 875/8 235） in females. Logistic regression analysis revealed that gender，age，place of residence，BMI，alcohol consumption，number of chronic diseases，presence of dyslipidemia and diabetes were factors involved in the development of hypertension（P<0.05）. Conclusion　The prevalence of hypertension remains a relatively high level in our country.The risk factors of hypertension are male，advanced age，living in the city，having drinking habit，with more than one chronic disease，and having dyslipidemia and diabetes. There is a need to strengthen the health education for middle-aged and elderly people with or without hypertension and encourage them to adopt healthy life styles to prevent the occurrence and progression of hypertension.

Key words: Hypertension, Middle-aged and aged, Prevalence, Prevalence status, Root causes analysis