关键词: 认知障碍, 海马, 预测

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the changes in the annual hippocampal atrophy rate in different populations and to explore their value in detecting early cognitive decline.Methods　Study subjects were selected from among healthy people who underwent a physical examination（n=35），patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment（aMCI）（n=35） and patients with Alzheimer's disease （AD）（n=35），who were treated in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University in 2012.The frequency of follow-up visitation was once per year，the time of follow-up was 5 years.Subjects who did not complete the follow-up for various reasons were excluded.According to the changes in cognitive function during the follow-up period，the subjects were divided into the following four groups：normal（NG，n=23），stable aMCI（aMCI-S，n=25），aMCI progressing to AD（aMCI-AD，n=10） and AD（n=15）.The cognitive function〔evaluated according to the decrease in Mini-Mental State Exam （MMSE） score〕，hippocampal volume（HV） and annual hippocampal atrophy rate were compared among the four groups，and their correlation was analyzed.Results　The MMSE score and HV in the AD group were lower than those in the NG，aMCI-S and aMCI-AD groups（P<0.05）；the decrease in MMSE score in AD group was greater than those in the NG，aMCI-S and aMCI-AD groups（P<0.05）；the decrease in MMSE score in the aMCI-AD group was greater than those in the NG and aMCI-S groups（P<0.05）.The annual hippocampal atrophy rate in the AD group was higher than those in the NG，aMCI-S and aMCI-AD groups（P<0.05），and the annual hippocampal atrophy rate in the aMCI-AD group was higher than those in the NG and aMCI-S groups（P<0.05）.The annual hippocampal atrophy rate was positively correlated with the decrease in MMSE score（r=0.745，P<0.001）.Conclusion　The annual hippocampal atrophy rate accurately reflects the decline in cognitive function in a high-risk aMCI population.Monitoring the annual hippocampal atrophy rate is helpful for early detection and intervention in high-risk patients.

Key words: Cognition disorders, Hippocampus, Forecasting