关键词: 学生, 留守, 休闲参与, 心理弹性, 性别因素

Abstract: Objective　To explore the effect of leisure participation of rural left-behind junior middle school students on psychological resilience and its gender difference.Methods　From March to May in 2014,with cluster random sampling method,left-behind students in two rural junior middle schools in west He’nan Province were selected as the research objects.Self-made questionnaire of leisure participation of rural left-behind junior middle school students and healthy kids resilience scale （HKRA） were applied in this study.After excluding non left-behind students,380 questionnaires of left-behind students were recovered,and 340 were valid questionnaires with a response rate of 89.5%.Results　There was no significant difference in scores of leisure participation in 9 activities among rural left-behind junior middle school students of different genders （P>0.05）;while there was significant difference in scores of leisure participation in the rest 11 activities and scores of resilience characteristics and external protection （P<0.05）.For the overall,leisure participation degree of the four activities-interest activity groups,playing chess and cards,playing video games and farmland activities had significantly predictive effects on resilience characteristics factors （P<0.05）,and the total predictive power was 18.7%;playing video games had negatively predictive effects on resilience characteristics factors and the predictive power was 6.1%.Leisure participation degree of the four activities-interest activity groups,playing chess and cards,handcrafting and voluntary workers/volunteers activities had significantly predictive effects on external protection factors （P<0.05）,and it was positively predictive effect with a total predictive power of 15.0%.For boys,leisure participation degree of farmland activities and playing video games had significantly predictive effects on resilience characteristics factors （P<0.05）,the total predictive power was 18.8%;playing video games had negatively predictive effects on resilience characteristics factors and the predictive power was 10.6%.For girls,leisure participation degree of interest activity groups and playing chess and cards had significantly predictive effects on resilience characteristics factors （P<0.05）,and it was positively predictive effect with a total predictive power of 15.7%;leisure participation degree of playing chess and cards,voluntary workers/volunteers activities and joining a party had significantly predictive effects on external protection factors （P<0.05）,and it was positively predictive effect with a total predictive power of 25.8%.Conclusion　Extracurricular leisure participation affects resilience level of rural left-behind adolescents,the more deeply interactive leisure participation,the more beneficial to the enhancement of psychological resilience level of rural left-behind female adolescents.

Key words: Students, Left-behind, Leisure participation, Resilience, Sex factors