中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (04): 512-518.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0495

所属专题: 高血压最新文章合集

• 医学循证 • 上一篇    

绝经后高血压危险因素的Meta分析

刘霜雪1, 李琰华2,*(), 张港玮1, 赵琳1   

  1. 1.310053 浙江省杭州市,浙江中医药大学第二临床医学院
    2.310005 浙江省杭州市,浙江中医药大学附属第二医院(浙江省新华医院)全科医学科
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-08 修回日期:2022-10-22 出版日期:2023-02-05 发布日期:2022-11-24
  • 通讯作者: 李琰华
  • 刘霜雪,李琰华,张港玮,等.绝经后高血压危险因素的Meta分析[J].中国全科医学,2023,26(4):512-518.[www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:刘霜雪提出概念,负责文献资料的收集和整理、文章构思与写作、统计分析;张港玮、赵琳负责文献筛选、数据提取;刘霜雪、李琰华负责评估方案的可行性、整体文章质量的把控;李琰华对整个过程进行监督管理。

Risk Factors for Postmenopausal Hypertension: a Meta-analysis

LIU Shuangxue1, LI Yanhua2,*(), ZHANG Gangwei1, ZHAO Lin1   

  1. 1. The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
    2. Department of General Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province) , Hangzhou 310005, China
  • Received:2022-07-08 Revised:2022-10-22 Published:2023-02-05 Online:2022-11-24
  • Contact: LI Yanhua
  • About author:
    LIU S X, LI Y H, ZHANG G W, et al. Risk factors for postmenopausal hypertension: a Meta-analysis[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26 (4) : 512-518.

摘要: 背景 流行病学研究表明,绝经后女性的高血压患病率高于老年男性。近年来,有关绝经后高血压的临床表现、病理特征、发病机制、治疗方法等受到越来越多的关注,但由于受到研究设计、样本量、人群特征、资源不足等因素的影响,其危险因素的研究结果不一致且缺乏全面报道。 目的 运用系统评价方式探讨女性绝经后高血压的危险因素,为更好地预防和管理绝经后高血压提供循证证据。 方法 于2022年1—5月,计算机检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、EmBase、the Cochrane Library、Web of Science电子数据库,获取与绝经后高血压危险因素相关的队列及病例对照研究。检索时限为建库起至2022-05-20。由2名研究者独立根据纳入和排除标准筛选文献、提取资料,采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(NOS)对所提取的文献进行偏倚风险评估,将得分≥6分(高质量)的文献纳入研究,最后采用RevMan 5.3对其进行Meta分析。 结果 共纳入10篇文献,5篇为队列研究,5篇为病例对照研究,共涉及16个危险因素,总样本量为34 864,且均为高质量文献。Meta分析结果显示,绝经后高血压的危险因素包括高高敏C反应蛋白水平(hs-CRP)〔RR(95%CI)=1.38(1.04,1.83)〕、高龄〔OR(95%CI)=1.39(1.11,1.74)〕、高体质指数(BMI)〔OR(95%CI)=1.61(1.19,2.18)〕、高胆固醇水平〔OR(95%CI)=1.35(1.14,1.59)〕、高三酰甘油水平〔OR(95%CI)=2.17(1.03,4.59)〕、糖尿病史〔OR(95%CI)=1.70(1.27,2.27)〕,保护因素包括高脂联素水平〔RR(95%CI)=0.83(0.70,0.99)〕、高绝经年龄〔OR(95%CI)=0.90(0.82,0.98)〕(P<0.05)。 结论 高hs-CRP、高龄、高BMI、高胆固醇、高三酰甘油、患有糖尿病是绝经后高血压的独立危险因素,控制其中可控的危险因素可有效降低绝经后高血压的发生风险。

关键词: 高血压, 绝经后期, 危险因素, 队列研究, 病例对照, Meta分析

Abstract:

Background

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of hypertension is higher in postmenopausal women than in elderly men. Increasing attention has been paid to postmenopausal hypertension recently, involving its clinical manifestations, pathological features, pathogenesisand treatment. However, due to disparities in study design, sample size and population characteristics, as well as insufficient resources, the research results of risk factors for postmenopausal hypertension are inconsistent and incomprehensive.

Objective

To perform a systematic review of risk factors for postmenopausal hypertension, so as to provide evidence-based basis for better prevention and management of the disease.

Methods

From January to May 2022, the databases of CNKI, WanfangData, SinoMed, PubMed, EmBase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for cohort and case-control studies related to risk factors for postmenopausal hypertension from the establishment of the databases to May 20, 2022. Studies were identified using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, then assessed in terms of quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) , and those with NOS score≥6 (high quality) were included. RevMan 5.3 was used for meta-analysis.

Results

Ten high-quality studies were included, 5 of which were cohort studies, and the other 5 were case-control studies. Overall, 16 potential risk factors for postmenopausal hypertension were identified in a total sample size of 34 864. Meta-analysis showed that the risk factors for postmenopausal hypertension included elevated hs-CRP〔RR (95%CI) =1.38 (1.04, 1.83) 〕, older age〔OR (95%CI) =1.39 (1.11, 1.74) 〕, elevated BMI〔OR (95%CI) =1.61 (1.19, 2.18) 〕, elevated total cholesterol〔OR (95%CI) =1.35 (1.14, 1.59) 〕, elevated triglyceride〔OR (95%CI) =2.17 (1.03, 4.59) 〕, history of diabetes〔OR (95%CI) =1.70 (1.27, 2.27) 〕. The risk-reducing factors included high adiponectin〔RR (95%CI) =0.83 (0.70, 0.99) 〕and advanced menopausal age〔OR (95%CI) =0.90 (0.82, 0.98) 〕.

Conclusion

Older age, high levels of hs-CRP, BMI, total cholesterol, and triglyceride, and diabetes are independent risk factors for postmenopausal hypertension. Thus, controlling some of the above controllable factors may effectively decrease the risk of postmenopausal hypertension.

Key words: Hypertension, Postmenopause, Risk factors, Cohort studies, Case-control studies, Meta-analysis