中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (09): 1070-1076.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.02.103

所属专题: 神经退行性病变最新文章合集 阿尔茨海默病最新文章合集 阿尔茨海默病最新文章合集

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

轻度认知障碍患者的双向转归研究

韩红娟1,2, 秦瑶1, 陈杜荣1, 安建华3, 余红梅1,4,*   

  1. 1030001 山西省太原市,山西医科大学卫生统计学教研室
    2030001 山西省太原市,山西医科大学基础医学院数学教研室
    3030001 山西省太原市,山西省卫生健康委监督检查中心
    4030001 山西省太原市,重大疾病风险评估山西省重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-22 修回日期:2021-10-25 出版日期:2022-03-20 发布日期:2022-03-01
  • 通讯作者: 余红梅
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81973154);山西省科学技术厅面上青年基金项目(201901D211330)

Progression and Reversion of Mild Cognitive Impairmenta Study Using Data from the Uniform Data Set

HAN Hongjuan12QIN Yao1CHEN Durong1AN Jianhua3YU Hongmei14*   

  1. 1.Department of Health StatisticsShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030001China

    2.School of Basic MedicinesShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030001China

    3.Shanxi Provincial Health Commission Supervision and Inspection CenterTaiyuan 030001China

    4.Shanxi Key Laboratory of Major Disease Risk AssessmentTaiyuan 030001China

    *Corresponding authorYU HongmeiProfessorDoctoral supervisorE-mailyu@sxmu.edu.cn

    HAN Hongjuan and QIN Yao are co-first authors

  • Received:2021-09-22 Revised:2021-10-25 Published:2022-03-20 Online:2022-03-01

摘要: 背景轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者的认知轨迹高度可变。每年有10%~15%的MCI患者进展为痴呆,近24%逆转为认知正常(NC)。有关MCI患者的双向转归,尤其是MCI逆转为NC的研究开展较少。目的构建MCI患者不同转归的多分类模型,寻找MCI患者双向转归(逆转、稳定、进展)的影响因素。方法本研究数据来源于美国国家阿尔茨海默病症协调中心统一数据集(NACC UDS),筛选2005—2019年初次诊断为MCI并至少随访2次且数据无缺失的397例患者,采集其基本信息、身体检查指标、既往史及相关评估量表得分。基于Boruta算法进行特征选择,采用随机森林进行MCI不同转归的多分类辅助诊断;采用多分类逐步Logistic回归分析探究MCI患者不同转归的影响因素。结果纳入的397例MCI患者中,124例逆转为NC,逆转率为31.23%;177例稳定,稳定率为44.58%;96例进展为痴呆,进展率为24.18%。将397例MCI患者的不同转归进行分层三分类,总准确度(ACC)为67.58%。在多个二分类中,进展和逆转、逆转和稳定的分类性能较优,ACC均在90%以上;分层三分类中稳定→逆转→进展的总ACC为84.38%。多分类逐步Logistic回归分析结果显示,对于MCI患者进展为痴呆而言,年龄≥80岁〔OR=0.260,95%CI(0.117,0.574)〕、自我报告认知障碍〔OR=0.295,95%CI(0.139,0.623)〕、临床痴呆评定量表(CDR)得分降低〔OR=0.220,95%CI(0.092,0.525)〕为保护因素,既往有卒中〔OR=2.896,95%CI(1.370,6.122)〕、既往有大便失禁〔OR=6.556,95%CI(1.787,24.047)〕、功能活动问卷(FAQ)得分升高〔OR=1.048,95%CI(1.003,1.095)〕为危险因素。对于MCI患者逆转为正常而言,年龄≥80岁〔OR=0.289,95%CI(0.091,0.914)〕、肥胖〔OR=0.236,95%CI(0.075,0.740)〕、自我报告认知障碍〔OR=0.289,95%CI(0.111,0.757)〕、CDR得分升高〔OR=0.015,95%CI(0.003,0.089)〕为危险因素,简易精神状态量表(MMSE)得分升高〔OR=1.708,95%CI(1.428,2.043)〕和动物命名正确数升高〔OR=1.139,95%CI(1.046,1.240)〕为保护因素。结论MCI患者的转归受多个因素影响,高龄、肥胖、既往发生过卒中、既往发生过大便失禁、自我报告认知障碍和日常功能障碍是MCI双向转归的重要影响因素。

关键词: 认知功能障碍, 认知, 逆转, 阿尔茨海默病, 转归, 多分类, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Background

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has highly variable cognitive trajectories. Approximately 10% to 15% of MCI patients progress to dementia, and nearly 24% revert to normal cognition each year. There are few studies on the progression and reversion of MCI, especially there version of MCI to normal cognition.

Objective

To construct a multi-class classification model of MCI outcomes (reversion, stabilization and progression) and to explore the possible associated factors of these outcomes.

Methods

Data were collected from the National Alzheimer's Disease Coordinating Center Unified Data Set, involving 397 patients who were initially diagnosed with MCI during 2005—2019 with at least two follow-ups and complete clinical and follow-up data. Patients' demographic information, physical examination, disease history, and measurement results by assessment scales in MCI were selected for analysis. Boruta was used for feature selection. Random forest was used for supporting the classification of MCI outcomes. A stepwise multinomial logistic regression was used to explore the associated factors of different MCI outcomes.

Results

Of the 397 cases, 124 (31.23%) reverted to normal cognition, 77 (44.58%) were in stable condition, and 96 (24.18%) progressed to dementia. In the multi-classification task, the accuracy of direct three-class classification was 67.58%. In multiple binary classifications, the accuracies of reversion and stabilization, and reversion and progression were above 90%. Among the hierarchical three-class classification, the accuracy based on stabilization→ reversion → progression was 84.38%. Stepwise multinomial Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥80 years 〔OR=0.260, 95%CI (0.117, 0.574) 〕, self-reported cognitive impairment 〔OR=0.295, 95%CI (0.139, 0.623) 〕, and decreased Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scores〔OR=0.220, 95%CI (0.092, 0.525) 〕 were associated with decreased risk of MCI progressing to dementia, while history of stroke 〔OR=2.896, 95%CI (1.370, 6.122) 〕, fecal incontinence 〔OR=6.556, 95%CI (1.787, 24.047) 〕, and higher Functional Activities Questionnaire score〔OR=1.048, 95%CI (1.003, 1.095) 〕were associated with increased risk of MCI progressing to dementia. Decreased probability of reversion from MCI to normal cognition was related to age ≥80 years 〔OR=0.289, 95%CI (0.091, 0.914) 〕, obesity 〔OR=0.236, 95%CI (0.075, 0.740) 〕, self-reported cognitive impairment 〔OR=0.289, 95%CI (0.111, 0.757) 〕, and higher CDR scores 〔OR=0.015, 95%CI (0.003, 0.089) 〕, while increased probability of reversion from MCI to normal cognition was related to higher MMSE score 〔OR=1.708, 95%CI (1.428, 2.043) 〕 and higher numbers of correct naming of animals 〔OR=1.139, 95%CI (1.046, 1.240) 〕.

Conclusion

The outcome of MCI patients is affected by multiple factors. Advanced age, obesity, history of stroke, fecal incontinence, self-reported cognitive impairment and reduced functional activity were important factors influencing MCI progression and reversion.

Key words: Cognitive dysfunction, Cognition, Reversion, Alzheimer disease, Outcome, Muti-classification, Root cause analysis

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