中国全科医学 ›› 2020, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (11): 1416-1420.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.563

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市中心城区老年慢性病患者微信使用情况调查研究

魏魏1,2,乐嘉宜2,马龙飞2,王徐玲2,陆媛1,3*   

  1. 1.200090上海市,同济大学医学院全科医学系 2.200020上海市黄浦区瑞金二路街道社区卫生服务中心 3.200090上海市,同济大学附属杨浦医院全科医学科
    *通信作者:陆媛,副主任医师;E-mail:lussy@126.com
  • 出版日期:2020-04-15 发布日期:2020-04-15

Use of WeChat among Elderly Patients with Chronic Diseases in Central District of Shanghai 

WEI Wei1,2,LE Jiayi2,MA Longfei2,WANG Xuling2,LU Yuan1,3*   

  1. 1.Department of General Practice,Tongji University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200090,China
    2.Ruijin'erlu Community Health Service Center of Huangpu District,Shanghai 200020,China
    3.Department of General Practice,Yangpu Hospital,Tongji University,Shanghai 200090,China
    *Corresponding author:LU Yuan,Associate chief physician;E-mail:lussy@126.com
  • Published:2020-04-15 Online:2020-04-15

摘要: 背景 慢性病已经成为影响人群健康的主要危险因素,诸多研究运用微信探索慢性病管理创新模式。作为实施微信有效干预的基础条件,目前对相关人群尤其是老年人微信使用情况研究较少,本研究进行相关调查,为制定基于微信的慢性病管理方案提供精准支持。目的 调查上海市中心城区老年慢性病患者微信使用能力,探讨微信慢性病管理的路径。方法 调阅上海市黄浦区瑞金二路街道社区卫生服务中心2017年10月—2018年9月的门诊诊断统计,选取诊断数量前5名且病程时长3个月以上的疾病,结合本社区日常慢性病管理工作实际,确定高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、冠心病、脑梗死患者为本研究对象。2018年10月,从上海市黄浦区瑞金二路街道抽样调查老年患者1 010例,调查其是否使用微信。通过随机抽样法,从使用微信的老年患者中选取160例患者进行问卷调查,主要包括一般情况、微信获取途径及动机、微信日常操作技能、微信功能应用评价。结果 1 010例患者中,使用微信557例(55.15%),其中60~70岁微信使用率为71.68%(405/565),高于71岁及以上者的25.62%(114/445)(χ2=211.443,P<0.001)。对160例患者进行问卷调查,回收有效问卷158份,有效回收率为98.75%。微信开始使用时间分布较均匀,最早从2011年开始;近80%的患者是通过子女亲人或朋友同事介绍并进行安装;好友来源及类型多为子女亲友;添加陌生人好友较少,且好友数量较少;使用遇到困难时多由子女亲属帮助解决。患者微信日常使用较为频繁,约90%的患者每天均会登录微信;主要用于与子女交流、联络朋友、同事等;患者对养生保健类文章关注较多;近90%的患者愿意通过微信与医生或病友进行沟通,同时仅有约20%的患者曾通过微信与医生交流过,约50%的患者曾通过微信与病友交流。病情咨询、疾病预防和自我管理是患者主要希望交流的内容。使用微信过程中,视觉疲劳是患者使用主要的不利影响;虚假信息和广告泛滥是遇到的主要问题。结论 超过一半的中心城区老年慢性病患者使用微信,可熟练运用微信的大部分功能,且有较强的通过微信进行医患交流的意愿。以医疗单位为核心、以疾病为分类组建微信群进行慢性病管理是一个应用方向。

关键词: 慢性病, 老年人, 微信, 疾病管理, 数据收集, 上海

Abstract: Background Chronic diseases have become major risk factors affecting the health of the population and WeChat has been applied to multiple researches to explore the innovative model of chronic disease management.As the fundamentals of implementing WeChat-effective intervention,researches on the usage of WeChat in related population,especially the elderly are few.Therefore,correlated studies were performed in this research,offering targeted support for WeChat-based chronic disease management.Objective To investigate the WeChat usage ability in elderly patients with chronic diseases in central urban area and explore the management path of WeChat chronic disease management.Methods Clinical diagnosis statistics in Ruijin'erlu Community Health Service Center of Huangpu District,Shanghai from October 2017 to September 2018 were retrieved and top 5 diseases with over three-month disease course were chosen.By considering the actual situation of daily management of chronic diseases in this community,patients with hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidaemia,coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction were selected as research objects.In October 2018,1 010 elderly patients from Ruijin'erlu Street of Huangpu District,Shanghai were selected and surveyed to check WeChat usage.Random sampling method was used to select 160 patients from the elderly patients who use WeChat for questionnaire in which general information,access channel and motivation of using WeChat,daily operation capabilities of WeChat and application evaluation of WeChat functions.Results Among 1 010 patients,there were 557 patients using WeChat(55.15%) and utilization rate of WeChat aged from 60 to 70 was 71.68%(405/565),higher than that of patients aged 71 years or over〔25.62%(114/445)〕(χ2=211.443,P<0.001).For questionnaires surveyed in 160 patients,there were 158 valid questionnaires and valid return rate was 98.75%.Distribution of beginning time of using WeChat was quite balanced and the earliest began in 2011.Nearly 80% of patients installed WeChat through introduction by their children,relatives as well as friends and colleagues.Source and type of friends were mainly children and relatives.Adding strangers to be friends was quite rare and their number of friends were few.When coming across with difficulties,they often turned to their children and relatives for help.Daily use of WeChat among patients was quite frequent and about 90% of patients logged on WeChat almost every day for communication with their sons and daughters,friends and colleagues.Patients paid more attention to articles on health care.Nearly 90% of patients were willing to communicate with physicians or ward mates through WeChat.Meanwhile,only about 20% of patients had used WeChat to communicate with physicians.About 50% of patients had used WeChat to communicate with ward mates.State of illness,diseases prevention and self management were major contents for patient communication.When using WeChat,visual fatigue was main adverse effects and false information and ads were major issues they met.Conclusion Over half of elderly patients with chronic diseases in central district use WeChat.The elderly patients could use most functions of WeChat skillfully and they have strong willing for physician-patient communication through WeChat.Setting up WeChat group based on medical units and diseases for management of chronic diseases is a direction for application.

Key words: Chronic disease, Aged, WeChat, Disease management, Data collection, Shanghai