中国全科医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (26): 3264-3270.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0251

所属专题: 内分泌代谢性疾病最新文章合辑

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

血清Nesfatin-1和Ghrelin水平与糖脂代谢及2型糖尿病的关系研究

张宇诺1, 李瑞斌2,*(), 王玮1,*()   

  1. 1.014010 内蒙古自治区包头市,包头医学院第一附属医院内分泌科
    2.014010 内蒙古自治区包头市,包头医学院第一附属医院日间手术中心
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-08 修回日期:2024-07-06 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-07-22
  • 通讯作者: 李瑞斌, 王玮

  • 作者贡献:

    张宇诺进行数据的收集与整理,数据统计分析,图、表的绘制与展示,撰写论文初稿;李瑞斌负责文章的质量控制与审查,论文的修订;王玮提出文章构思与设计,对文章整体负责。

  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2023MS08048); 内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目基金资助项目(NJZY21057,NJZY21058); 包头医学院青年科技人才发展计划项目(BYJJ-QNGG2022047)

Correlation Analysis of Serum Nesfatin-1 and Ghrelin Levels with Glycolipid Metabolism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

ZHANG Yunuo1, LI Ruibin2,*(), WANG Wei1,*()   

  1. 1. Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014010, China
    2. Ambulatory Surgery Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014010, China
  • Received:2024-04-08 Revised:2024-07-06 Published:2025-09-15 Online:2025-07-22
  • Contact: LI Ruibin, WANG Wei

摘要: 背景 机体摄食和能量消耗受下丘脑和外周神经信号双重调控,其中下丘脑释放的神经因子Nesfatin-1在抑制摄食和消化道黏膜分泌的Ghrelin在促进摄食过程中发挥重要作用,但二者在肥胖和糖尿病进展中的作用尚未明确。 目的 探讨Nesfatin-1、Ghrelin与血糖、胰岛素抵抗、血脂的相关性,分析其参与糖脂代谢的潜在过程,为糖尿病、肥胖等代谢疾病的防治提供新思路。 方法 选取2020年1月—2021年2月在包头医学院第一附属医院内分泌科住院的170例2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者为试验组,同期体检的85例健康人为对照组。收集两组患者一般资料和临床检测指标,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测血清Nesfatin-1和Ghrelin水平。通过Pearson相关性分析和Spearman秩相关性分析探讨Nesfatin-1和Ghrelin与糖脂代谢的相关性。比较不同糖尿病病程、不同糖尿病慢性并发症患者血清Nesfatin-1和Ghrelin水平差异。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,评估Nesfatin-1和Ghrelin在糖尿病诊断中的预测价值。 结果 Nesfatin-1与糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖、BMI、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、内脏脂肪面积(VFA)、皮下脂肪面积(SFA)呈负相关[r(rs)分别为-0.58、-0.59、-0.51、-0.26、-0.23、-0.37、-0.27,P<0.05],Ghrelin与上述指标呈正相关[r(rs)分别为0.41、0.41、0.43、0.15、0.24、0.50、0.30,P<0.05)];试验组血清Nesfatin-1水平低于对照组,Ghrelin水平高于对照组(P<0.001)。不同糖尿病病程、不同糖尿病慢性并发症患者血清Nesfatin-1和Ghrelin水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Ghrelin预测T2DM的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.861(95%CI=0.816~0.906),最佳截断值为30.328 μg/L。Nesfatin-1预测T2DM的AUC值为0.764(95%CI=0.704~0.824),最佳截断值为78.579 μg/L。 结论 Nesfatin-1、Ghrelin通过影响血糖水平、胰岛素抵抗等多个方面调节机体糖脂代谢过程,对糖尿病诊断有预测价值。

关键词: 代谢疾病, Nesfatin-1, Ghrelin, 糖脂代谢, 2型糖尿病, 肥胖

Abstract:

Background

Food intake and energy expenditure are regulated by both neural signals of hypothalamus and peripheral systems, with the neuropeptide Nesfatin-1, released from hypothalamus, playing a significant role in inhibiting food intake, while Ghrelin, secreted by the digestive mucosa, facilitates food intake. However, the roles of these two neuro peptides in the progression of obesity and diabetes mellitus remain unclear.

Objective

This study aims to explore the correlation between Nesfatin-1, Ghrelin, and parameters such as blood glucose levels, insulin resistance, and blood lipids, and to analyze their involvement in glucose and lipid metabolism to provide novel insights for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases, including diabetes and obesity.

Methods

A total of 170 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College between January 2020 and February 2021, were selected as the experimental group. Additionally, 85 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations during the same period were included as the control group. Comprehensive clinical information and test indexes for both groups were gathered, and serum levels of Nesfatin-1 and Ghrelin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The correlation among Nesfatin-1, Ghrelin, glucose and lipid metabolism were evaluated using Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis. The differences in serum Nesfatin-1 and Ghrelin levels among patients with different courses of diabetes and different chronic complications of diabetes were compared. The predictive values of Nesfatin-1 and Ghrelin for diagnosing diabetes mellitus were assessed by plotting the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results

Nesfatin-1 levels were negatively correlated with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose, body mass index (BMI), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), visceral fat area (VFA), and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) [r (rs) equaled to -0.58, -0.59, -0.51, -0.26, -0.23, -0.37, -0.27, respectively, P<0.05]. In contrast, Ghrelin levels exhibited positive correlations with these indicators [r (rs) equaled to 0.41, 0.41, 0.43, 0.15, 0.24, 0.50, 0.30, respectively, P<0.05]. The Nesfatin-1 levels of experimental group was lower than the control group, and the Ghrelin levels of experimental group was higher than the control group (P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of serum Nesfatin-1 and Ghrelin among patients with different courses of diabetes and different chronic complications of diabetes (P>0.05). The ROC curve indicated that Ghrelin had a predictive value for T2DM with an AUC of 0.861 (95%CI=0.816-0.906) and an optimal cutoff value of 30.328 μg/L. For Nesfatin-1, which AUC was 0.764 (95%CI=0.704-0.824) with an optimal cutoff value of 78.579 μg/L.

Conclusion

Nesfatin-1 and Ghrelin regulate glucose and lipid metabolism by influencing blood glucose levels and insulin resistance, and both have predictive value for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.

Key words: Metabolic diseases, Nesfatin-1, Ghrelin, Glucose and lipid metabolism, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Obesity

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