Emergency response capacity of primary healthcare institutions in epidemic prevention and control greatly practiced and improved during the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic, and in this context, the construction of a more targeted and practical emergency response capacity evaluation indicators system for major infectious diseases in primary medical institutions is necessary.

To construct an emergency response capacity evaluation indicators system for major infectious diseases in primary medical institutions in Beijing, based on the theory of emergency management and resilience.

From October to November in 2022, a preliminary emergency response capacity evaluation indicators system for major infectious diseases in primary medical institutions in Beijing, was constructed by literature analysis method, policy induction method, and focus group discussion method. From March to May in 2023, two rounds of correspondence were conducted using the modified delphi method, and the emergency response capacity evaluation indicators system for major infectious diseases in primary medical institutions in Beijing, was determined according to the results of modified Delphi method, and the weights of all of the evaluation indicators were determined by analytic hierarchy process.

The effective recovery rates of the questionnaires in the two rounds of modified Delphi method was 94.4% (17/18) and 100.0% (17/17), respectively, and the expert authority coefficient was 0.84. The coordination coefficients of the importance and operability of the indicators was 0.144 (P<0.05), 0.190 (P<0.05), respectively, in the first round of modified Delphi method; was 0.104 (P<0.05), 0.155 (P<0.05), respectively, in the second round of modified Delphi method. In the eventually formed emergency response capacity evaluation indicators system for major infectious diseases in primary medical institutions in Beijing, there were 3 first-level indicators (preparedness capacity, disposal capacity, and assessment and recovery capacity), 18 second-level indicators, and 56 third-level indicators, and the weight of the 3 first-level indicator was 0.528, 0.333 and 0.140, respectively.

Based on the theoretical framework of emergency management and the concept of resilience, we constructed the emergency response capacity evaluation indicators system for major infectious diseases in primary medical institutions in Beijing, in which the indicators can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual situation, so as to more truly reflect the emergency response capacity for major infectious diseases, and to provide a reference for the evaluation of emergency response capacity for major infectious diseases in primary healthcare institutions.