失眠的流行病学特征及其共病的中西医研究进展

doi:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2026.0203

中国全科医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (30): 4463-4471.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2026.0203

• 论著·中医·中西医结合研究 • 上一篇下一篇

失眠的流行病学特征及其共病的中西医研究进展

李航之¹, 王杰鹏¹, 张潇逸², 方朝义¹^,^*()

1．050200　河北省石家庄市，河北中医药大学中医学院
2．100029　北京市，北京中医药大学中医学院

收稿日期:2026-06-29 修回日期:2026-08-14 出版日期:2026-10-20 发布日期:2026-09-02
通讯作者: 方朝义
作者贡献：
李航之负责文章的构思与设计、文献检索与数据收集、论文初稿撰写与修订；王杰鹏负责论文修订与审校；张潇逸负责文献整理与数据核对；方朝义负责研究方向的提出、论文终版的审核与质量控制，并对文章整体负责。
基金资助:
方朝义全国名老中医药专家传承工作室项目(国中医药人教函[2022]75号); 国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202414432002X)

Epidemiology and Comorbidities of Insomnia: Research Advances from an Integrated Chinese and Western Medical Perspective

LI Hangzhi¹, WANG Jiepeng¹, ZHANG Xiaoyi², FANG Chaoyi¹^,^*()

1. College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
2. College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2026-06-29 Revised:2026-08-14 Published:2026-10-20 Online:2026-09-02
Contact: FANG Chaoyi

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 失眠是临床最为常见的睡眠问题之一。流行病学调查显示，全球普通人群的失眠患病率长期处于较高水平，我国人群亦是如此，失眠发病与年龄、性别、应激事件等因素密切相关。现代医学与中国传统医学针对失眠的诊断及共病问题均有系统阐释，但现阶段二者缺少系统性整合。本文梳理归纳中西医对于失眠流行病学特征及共病的认识及研究进展，剖析两类诊疗思路在失眠诊断-评估层面的交叉联系；认为二者具有潜在的概念对应关系与理论互补性，但尚待循证医学研究加以验证。失眠的中西医诊疗可互为借鉴、共用流行病学危险因素分析框架，在共病管理层面优势互补，由此为临床提供更为综合、完善的诊疗思路。

关键词: 失眠症, 入睡和睡眠障碍, 流行病学, 慢性病共病, 中西医结合, 整合医学

Abstract:

Insomnia is the most prevalent sleep disorders encountered in clinical practice. Epidemiological surveys indicate that the global prevalence of insomnia in the general population remains persistently high, a trend similarly observed in China, where the condition is closely associated with factors such as age, sex, and stressful life events. While both modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offer systematic accounts of the diagnosis and comorbidities of insomnia, these two frameworks have yet to be systematically integrated. This article provides a comprehensive review of current knowledge and recent advances in the epidemiological characteristics, and comorbidities of insomnia from both the Western and TCM perspectives. It examines the intersections and interrelations between these two distinct diagnostic and evaluative paradigms, proposing that conceptual correspondences and theoretical complementarities exist between them, although these require further validation through modern evidence-based approaches. The integration of Chinese and Western medicine enables cross-referencing in the diagnosis and management of insomnia, allows for a shared epidemiological risk-factor framework, and offers complementary advantages "particularly in the management of comorbidities" thus providing clinicians with a more comprehensive and integrated strategy for diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: Insomnia, Sleep initiation and maintenance disorders, Epidemiology, Multiple chronic conditions, Integrated traditional Chinese medicine & Western medicine, Integrative medicine

中图分类号:

R 277.7　R 741

李航之,王杰鹏,张潇逸,等. 失眠的流行病学特征及其共病的中西医研究进展[J]. 中国全科医学, 2026, 29(30): 4463-4471. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2026.0203.
LI Hangzhi,WANG Jiepeng,ZHANG Xiaoyi, et al. Epidemiology and Comorbidities of Insomnia: Research Advances from an Integrated Chinese and Western Medical Perspective[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2026, 29(30): 4463-4471. DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2026.0203.

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失眠的流行病学特征及其共病的中西医研究进展

Epidemiology and Comorbidities of Insomnia: Research Advances from an Integrated Chinese and Western Medical Perspective

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