关键词: 慢性病共病, 老年人, 焦虑, 抑郁, 影响因素分析, 心理干预, 综述

Abstract: The accelerated aging of China's population has contributed to the increasing prominence of chronic disease comorbidities，significantly increasing the medical burden and threatening patients' physical and mental health. Elderly patients with chronic disease comorbidities are more likely to have psychological problems such as anxiety and depression due to multiple comorbidities，and their symptom detection rate is significantly higher than that of the healthy or single chronic disease population. Although the pathogenesis is unclear，demographic（age，gender，education），socioeconomic（household income，place of residence），social support，health status，and lifestyle factors are strongly associated with mental health，and elucidation of these factors is essential for the development of precise intervention strategies. Existing interventions are classified as both pharmacological and non-pharmacological. Although medications provide symptomatic relief，the risk of polypharmacy limits how they're used. Non-pharmacological interventions show unique advantages through diversified means：group psychological intervention strengthens the social support network，cognitive behavioral therapy corrects negative cognition，exercise therapy improves both physical and psychological health，music/nostalgia/narrative therapy regulates emotional states，Internet+ technology breaks through time and space constraints to increase accessibility of interventions，traditional Chinese medicine therapy realizes physical and mental co-treatment，and health education and co-psychological care enhance self-management ability through knowledge and empowerment. These interventions have been shown to be effective in improving the mental health of comorbid patients. This article reviews national and international studies focusing on the epidemiology，influencing factors，and intervention strategies of elderly multimorbid patients to provide a basis for mental health promotion. In the future，it is necessary to deepen research on the mechanism of multidisease interaction，establish a personalized intervention system based on risk assessment，and verify the effect of intervention through multicenter long-term follow-up，in order to achieve the goal of healthy aging.

Key words: Multiple chronic conditions, Aged, Anxiety, Depression, Root cause analysis, Psychological interventions, Review