中国全科医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (14): 1811-1815.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0905

• 热点研究 • 上一篇    

北京市诊所运行效率及变化趋势分析

孙新月1, 冯星淼1, 王雨1, 吕博1, 翟子妍1, 梁书语1, 孟开1,2,*()   

  1. 1.100069 北京市,首都医科大学公共卫生学院
    2.100070 北京市,首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院高质量发展研究中心
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-22 修回日期:2025-12-23 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-04-14
  • 通讯作者: 孟开

  • 作者贡献:

    孙新月负责文章的构思与设计、研究资料的收集与整理、论文撰写,对文章整体负责;冯星淼、王雨、吕博、翟子妍、梁书语负责对论文进行修订;孟开负责论文的质量控制及审校。

  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重点项目(19AZD016)

Analysis of Clinic Operation Efficiency and Its Changing Trend in Beijing

SUN Xinyue1, FENG Xingmiao1, WANG Yu1, LYU Bo1, ZHAI Ziyan1, LIANG Shuyu1, MENG Kai1,2,*()   

  1. 1. School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
    2. High Quality Development Research Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
  • Received:2025-05-22 Revised:2025-12-23 Published:2026-05-15 Online:2026-04-14
  • Contact: MENG Kai

摘要: 背景 北京市诊所数量迅速增长,但是诊所存在医师数量少、服务质量较低、监管力度不强等问题。 目的 探究北京市诊所运行效率及其变化趋势,为合理配置诊所医疗资源提供参考。 方法 本研究于2022年运用数据包络分析和Malmquist指数模型测算2013—2020年北京市诊所静态和动态效率。投入指标选取房屋建筑面积、在岗职工数、总费用,产出指标选取诊疗人次数与总收入。 结果 2013—2020年诊所综合技术效率与纯技术效率值呈波动下降趋势,规模效率呈波动增加趋势。医疗美容诊所综合技术效率最低(0.156),城区诊所综合技术效率(0.194)高于郊区诊所效率(0.165)。2013—2015年诊所效率值有所进步,2015—2020年诊所效率下降,效率退步。 结论 北京市诊所整体效率不高、技术效率较低,诊所投入资源存在一定不足,不同类别、不同区域诊所效率存在一定差异。建议加强诊所人员培养,鼓励大医院医生在基层开办诊所,提高诊所诊疗水平;加大诊所内外部监管力度,制定更加详细的开办诊所的配套措施。

关键词: 诊所, 运行效率, 数据包络分析, Malmquist指数模型, 北京市

Abstract:

Background

The number of clinics in Beijing is growing rapidly, but clinics suffer from serious problems such as a lack of physicians, lower quality of service, and weak supervision.

Objective

To explore the clinic operation efficiency and its change trend in Beijing, and to provide reference for rational allocation of clinic medical resources.

Methods

In 2022, data envelopment analysis and Malmquist index model were used to estimate the static and dynamic efficiency of clinics in Beijing from 2013 to 2020. The input index selected the building area, the number of working staff and the total cost, and the output index selected the number of patients and total income.

Results

From 2013 to 2020, the comprehensive technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency showed a fluctuation decreasing trend, while the scale efficiency showed a fluctuation increasing trend. The comprehensive technical efficiency of medical aesthetic clinic is the lowest (0.156), and the comprehensive technical efficiency of urban clinic is higher (0.194) than that of suburban clinic (0.165). Clinic efficiency improved from 2013 to 2015, but decreased from 2015 to 2020.

Conclusion

The overall efficiency of clinics in Beijing is not high, the technical efficiency is low, there is a certain shortage of clinic input resources, there is a certain difference in clinic efficiency of different categories and different regions. It is suggested to strengthen the training of clinic personnel and encourage doctors in large hospitals to set up clinics at the grassroots level, so as to improve the level of clinic diagnosis and treatment; strengthen the internal and external supervision capacity of clinics, and formulate more detailed supporting measures for the establishment of clinics.

Key words: Clinic, Operation efficiency, DEA, Malmquist index model, Beijing

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