中国全科医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (23): 3336-3341.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0718

所属专题: 阿尔茨海默病最新文章合辑 社区卫生服务最新研究合辑 脑健康最新研究合辑

• 论著·方法学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

阿尔茨海默病知识量表在社区医生中的因子结构分析研究

丘淑娴1, 吴婉婷1,2, 赵玫1,3, 张海峰1, 李涛1, 于欣1, 王华丽1,*()   

  1. 1.100191 北京市,北京大学第六医院 北京大学精神卫生研究所 国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学) 国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院)
    2.334604 江西省上饶市第三人民医院
    3.100194 北京市海淀区心理康复医院
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-27 修回日期:2025-11-04 出版日期:2026-08-15 发布日期:2026-07-03
  • 通讯作者: 王华丽
  • 丘淑娴和吴婉婷为共同第一作者


    作者贡献:

    丘淑娴、吴婉婷提出主要研究目标,负责研究的构思与设计,研究的实施,撰写论文;丘淑娴、吴婉婷、赵玫进行数据的收集与整理,统计学处理,图、表的绘制与展示;张海峰、李涛、于欣、王华丽进行论文的修订;王华丽负责文章的质量控制与审查,对文章整体负责,监督管理。

  • 基金资助:
    北京医学奖励基金会资助项目(YXJL-2021-0827)

Factor Structure Analysis of Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale in Community Doctors

QIU Shuxian1, WU Wanting1,2, ZHAO Mei1,3, ZHANG Haifeng1, LI Tao1, YU Xin1, WANG Huali1,*()   

  1. 1. Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Peking University/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University) /National Clinical Medical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
    2. Shangrao Third People's Hospital, Shangrao 334604, China
    3. Beijing Haidian Psychological Rehabilitation Hospital, Beijing 100194, China
  • Received:2023-09-27 Revised:2025-11-04 Published:2026-08-15 Online:2026-07-03
  • Contact: WANG Huali
  • About author:

    QIU Shuxian and WU Wanting are co-first authors

摘要: 背景 随着我国阿尔茨海默病(AD)患病率持续上升,社区医生在早期防治中的作用尤为关键。目前,阿尔茨海默病知识量表(ADKS)在该人群中的知识结构与适用性尚不明确。 目的 探索ADKS在我国社区医生中的因子结构效度。 方法 2021-12-01—2022-01-07通过方便取样对社区医生开展横断面研究,采用在线调查的方式收集社区医生一般资料及ADKS得分情况。采用主成分因子分析法研究ADKS因子结构特点,并采用最大方差旋转法进行探索性因子分析,最后使用R 4.3.0软件中的Lavaan包进行验证性因子分析,判断模型的拟合程度。此外使用semPlot包将最终拟合良好的模型可视化,生成路径图。 结果 共有5 313人次在线浏览调查问卷,其中1 288名社区医生完成调查。完成调查的1 288名社区医生中,男389例(30.2%)、女899例(69.8%),平均年龄为(38.5±9.2)岁,本科以下419例(32.5%),本科及以上869例(67.5%)。主成分因子分析提取出8个因子,分别为疾病归因、疾病症状、患者体验、合并症、鉴别诊断、治疗康复、照护需求以及生存结局,特征值分别为2.58、1.73、3.22、1.11、1.43、1.37、1.64、1.35,解释48.13%的变异度。本模型的拟合优度指数(GFI)为0.929,卡方自由度比值(χ2/df)为3.71。近似误差均方根(RMSEA)为0.046,总体提示该模型的拟合度较好。其中各条目的因子负荷均在0.3以上,8个因子间存在一定的相关性。 结论 以社区医生为样本的ADKS提取了8个因子,该因子结构清晰合理,能够从临床实践的角度,全面涵盖AD的知识结构维度。因此,该量表可作为有效工具,用于系统全面地评估社区医生对AD的知识掌握程度。

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病, 阿尔茨海默病知识量表, 社区医生, 因子分析

Abstract:

Background

The number of persons living with Alzheimer's disease (AD) will increase dramatically in China. Community physicians play an increasingly critical role in its early screening and management. However, the structure and applicability of the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS) within this population remain unclear.

Objective

To explore the factor structure of ADKS in Chinese community physicians.

Methods

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from December 1, 2021, to January 7, 2022, using convenience sampling. Demographic information and ADKS scores were collected from participating community physicians. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using principal component analysis with varimax rotation was performed to identify the underlying factor structure. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was subsequently carried out in R 4.3.0 with the Lavaan package to evaluate model fit, and the final model was visualized using semPlot.

Results

A total of 5 313 persons viewed at the online survey, with 1 288 community physicians completing the questionnaire. Among the 1 288 participants, 389 (30.2%) were male and 899 (69.8%) were female, with an average age of (38.5±9.2) years. A total of 419 (32.5%) participants held below-bachelor qualifications, while 869 (67.5%) had a bachelor's degree or higher. EFA extracted eight factors with eigenvalues of 2.58, 1.73, 3.22, 1.11, 1.43, 1.37, 1.64, and 1.35, collectively explaining 48.13% of the total variance. These factors were labeled as knowledge about disease causes, symptoms, patient experience, comorbidity, differential diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation, care needs, and life impact. CFA indicated acceptable model fit (GFI=0.929, χ2/df=3.71, RMSEA =0.046). All items showed factor loadings above 0.3, and moderate correlations were observed among the eight factors.

Conclusion

The ADKS demonstrated a clear and clinically interpretable 8-factor structure when applied to community physicians. This model comprehensively covers key domains of AD knowledge from a clinical practice perspective, supporting the use of the scale as a reliable instrument for systematically assessing AD-related knowledge in community physicians.

Key words: Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale, Community physicians, Factor analysis

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