中国全科医学

• •

线粒体功能障碍在慢性代谢性疾病中的研究进展

简迎春   

  1. 贵州医科大学临床医学院
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-27 接受日期:2025-02-14
  • 通讯作者: 简迎春

Recent Advances in Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Metabolic Diseases

  • Received:2024-12-27 Accepted:2025-02-14
分享到

摘要: 能量代谢失衡是糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化、神经退行性疾病、非酒精性脂肪肝等慢性代谢性疾病的共同特征,而线粒体功能受损是其中的重要机制。当线粒体功能或质量控制机制受损时,会导致代谢紊乱和促进炎症反应,这些过程在慢性代谢性疾病中尤为显著。本综述回顾了线粒体的结构、功能和功能调控机制,并总结了线粒体在各个器官内的分布及其功能障碍在慢性代谢性疾病中的作用机制。通过探索不同代谢性疾病中线粒体功能的具体机制,进一步探索更有效的治疗方法,以期为促进靶向线粒体功能障碍在慢性代谢性疾病治疗中的发展提供新的思路和方向。

关键词: 慢性代谢性疾病, 动脉粥样硬化, 糖尿病, 阿尔茨海默病, 线粒体结构, 线粒体分布, 线粒体功能障碍

Abstract: Imbalances in energy metabolism are common features of conditions such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, with mitochondrial dysfunction serving as a key underlying mechanism. Impairments, in mitochondrial function or quality control mechanisms can lead to metabolic disturbances and exacerbate inflammatory responses, which are particularly prominent in chronic metabolic diseases. This review summarizes the structure, function, and regulatory mechanisms of mitochondria, their distribution across various organs, and the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolic diseases. By exploring the specific mechanisms of mitochondrial function in different metabolic diseases, we will further explore more effective treatments, in order to provide new ideas and directions for promoting the development of targeted mitochondrial dysfunction in the treatment of chronic metabolic diseases.

Key words: Chronic metabolic diseases, Atherosclerosis, Diabetes mellitus, alzheimer’s disease, Mitochondrial structure, mitochondrial distribution, mitochondrial dysfunction