中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (33): 4139-4144.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0473

所属专题: 高血压最新文章合集 老年问题最新文章合集

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老年隐匿性高血压患者颈动脉内-中膜厚度及心外膜脂肪厚度与轻度认知功能障碍的关系研究

巩祺芸, 邵平乐, 惠加谋*()   

  1. 735100 甘肃省嘉峪关市中医医院超声影像科
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-13 修回日期:2022-08-11 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2022-08-31
  • 通讯作者: 惠加谋
  • 巩祺芸,邵平乐,惠加谋.老年隐匿性高血压患者颈动脉内-中膜厚度及心外膜脂肪厚度与轻度认知功能障碍的关系研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(33):4139-4144. [www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:邵平乐、惠加谋提出研究命题,设计研究思路;邵平乐负责收集数据;巩祺芸进行研究对象调查、数据整理、统计学分析;巩祺芸、惠加谋撰写论文;惠加谋对本研究整体负责。

Relationship of Carotid Intima-media Thickness and Epicardial Fat Thickness with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Patients with Masked Hypertension

GONG Qiyun, SHAO Pingle, HUI Jiamou*()   

  1. Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jiayuguan, Jiayuguan 735100, China
  • Received:2022-03-13 Revised:2022-08-11 Published:2022-11-20 Online:2022-08-31
  • Contact: HUI Jiamou
  • About author:
    GONG Q Y, SHAO P L, HUI J M. Relationship of carotid intima-media thickness and epicardial fat thickness with mild cognitive impairment in elderly patients with masked hypertension[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (33) : 4139-4144.

摘要: 背景 近些年人口老龄化问题突出,目前国内外学者对于高血压与轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)关系的研究较多,但对于老年隐匿性高血压(MH)与MCI关系的研究较少。 目的 探讨颈动脉内-中膜厚度(CIMT)及心外膜脂肪厚度(EAT)与老年MH患者发生MCI的关系,为提早发现老年MH患者MCI提供理论依据。 方法 选取2019年1月至2022年2月于嘉峪关市中医医院门诊及住院部就诊已经确诊为MH的老年患者173例为MH组,另选取血压正常老年健康人群82例为对照组。两组受试者均行动态血压仪监测和CIMT、EAT测量,记录相关指标。采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA量表)评估两组受试者的认知功能。采用二元Logistic回归分析探究老年MH患者发生MCI的影响因素。 结果 MH组年龄、诊室收缩压、诊室舒张压、24 h动态收缩压、24 h动态舒张压、24 h收缩压变异系数、24 h舒张压变异系数、CIMT及EAT均高于对照组(P<0.05),受教育年限短于对照组(P<0.05)。MH组视空间与执行能力、命名、注意、语言、抽象、延迟回忆评分及MoCA总分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,老年MH患者MoCA总分与年龄、24 h舒张压变异系数、CIMT、EAT呈负相关(P<0.001)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,CIMT〔OR=48.282,95%CI(10.734,217.168)〕、EAT〔OR=2.124,95%CI(1.057,4.269)〕是老年MH患者发生MCI的影响因素(P<0.05)。 结论 MH患者较健康者年龄增高、受教育年限少、24 h收缩压变异系数增高。CIMT、EAT增高是老年MH患者发生MCI的危险因素。

关键词: 隐匿性高血压, 认知功能障碍, 颈动脉内-中膜厚度, 心外膜脂肪厚度, 老年人, MoCA量表, 相关, 影响因素分析

Abstract:

Background

Population aging has become a prominent problem in recent years. At present, there are many studies on hypertension and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) , but few studies on the relationship between masked hypertension (MH) and MCI in elderly patients.

Objective

To investigate the relationship of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and epicardial fat thickness (EAT) with cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with MH, to provide a theoretical basis for early detection of mild changes in cognitive function in this group.

Methods

A total of 255 cases were selected from Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jiayuguan from January 2019 to February 2022, including 173 elderly inpatients and outpatients diagnosed with MH (MH group) , and 82 elderly healthy people with normal blood pressure (control group) . Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, CIMT and EAT measurement were performed in both groups, and relevant indicators were recorded. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale was used to assess the cognitive function. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors associated with MCI in MH.

Results

Compared with control group, MH group had greater average age, and higher levels of average clinic systolic blood pressure (SBP) , clinic diastolic blood pressure (DBP) , 24 h ambulatory SBP, 24 h ambulatory DBP, 24 h SBP coefficient of variation, 24 h DBP coefficient of variation, CIMT and EAT, as well as less average years of education (P<0.05) . The average scores of executive function/visuospatial ability, animal naming, attention, language, abstraction, delayed recall and average total MoCA score in MH group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05) . Correlation analysis showed that the total score of MoCA was negatively correlated with age, 24 h DBP coefficient of variation, CIMT, and EAT (P<0.001) . Binary Logistic regression analysis indicated that CIMT〔OR=48.282, 95%CI (10.734, 217.168) 〕, EAT〔OR=2.124, 95%CI (1.057, 4.269) 〕 were associated with MCI in MH (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

Increased age, lower education level, increased 24 h SBP coefficient of variation, and increased CIMT and EAT values are risk factors for cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with MH.

Key words: Masked hypertension, Cognitive dysfunction, Carotid intima-media thickness, Epicardial fat thickness, Aged, Montreal cognitive assessment, Correlation, Root cause analysis