中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (36): 4561-4566.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0381

• 调查与研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

2016—2021年上海市静安区居民期望寿命和疾病谱变化情况研究

褚晓婷, 杨晓明, 万秋萍, 张国慧, 熊建菁*(), 方嘉列*()   

  1. 200072 上海市静安区疾病预防控制中心生命统计与肿瘤伤害防治科
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-12 修回日期:2022-07-26 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2022-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 熊建菁, 方嘉列
  • 褚晓婷,杨晓明,万秋萍,等. 2016—2021年上海市静安区居民期望寿命和疾病谱变化情况研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(36):4561-4566. [www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:褚晓婷负责论文整体构思与设计,撰写论文初稿;万秋萍、张国慧负责数据收集整理、统计学分析和图表绘制;熊建菁、方嘉列负责论文指导和质量控制;杨晓明负责论文最终稿的修订和审校;所有作者确认了论文的最终稿。

Trend Analysis of Life Expectancy and Disease Spectrum in Residents of Jing'an District in Shanghai, 2016-2021

CHU Xiaoting, YANG Xiaoming, WAN Qiuping, ZHANG Guohui, XIONG Jianjing*(), FANG Jialie*()   

  1. Department of Vital Statistics, Tumour and Injury Prevention and Treatment, Jing'an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200072, China
  • Received:2022-04-12 Revised:2022-07-26 Published:2022-12-20 Online:2022-08-18
  • Contact: XIONG Jianjing, FANG Jialie
  • About author:
    CHU X T, YANG X M, WAN Q P, et al. Trend analysis of life expectancy and disease spectrum in residents of Jing'an District in Shanghai, 2016-2021 [J] . Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (36) : 4561-4566.

摘要: 背景 随着社会经济水平和人群健康水平的不断提高,死亡模式和疾病谱发生了改变,不同疾病对居民期望寿命变化的影响也发生了变化。 目的 分析2016—2021年上海市静安区居民期望寿命及疾病谱变化情况。 方法 收集2016—2021年上海市静安区户籍居民的人口资料和死亡资料。数据分别来源于上海市公安局静安分局、上海市静安区居民死因监测系统。死因分类采用国际疾病分类第10版(ICD-10),以根本死因进行分类统计。应用简略寿命表法、Arriaga's分解法,统计2016—2021年静安区居民期望寿命,分析不同年龄组和疾病死因对居民期望寿命的影响。 结果 2016—2021年上海市静安区居民期望寿命为83.68~84.40岁,2021年较2016年增加了0.72岁;其中男性期望寿命为81.47~82.15岁,女性期望寿命为85.95~86.74岁,2021年较2016年分别增加了0.68岁和0.79岁。65~84岁组对居民期望寿命增加"正向贡献"最大,期望寿命增量为0.60岁,贡献率为83.29%。15~44岁组对期望寿命增加起"负向贡献"最大,期望寿命增量减少了0.12岁,贡献率为-17.18%。对居民期望寿命增加"正向贡献"最大的死因为肿瘤,其次为呼吸系统疾病,贡献率分别为56.20%和53.55%;"负向贡献"最大的为损伤中毒,其次为内分泌、营养和代谢疾病,贡献率分别为-35.69%和-17.25%。 结论 2016—2021年上海市静安区居民期望寿命为83.68~84.40岁,2021年较2016年增加了0.72岁;对居民期望寿命增加"正向贡献"最大的年龄组为65~84岁组;对居民期望寿命增加"正向贡献"最大的死因为肿瘤,"负向贡献"最大的为损伤中毒。

关键词: 期望寿命, 期望寿命分解法, 死亡率, 肿瘤, 创伤和损伤, 中毒, 变化趋势, 上海

Abstract:

Background

As socioeconomic status and population health develop, death patterns and disease spectrum have changed. The impact of diseases on life expectancy have changed as well.

Objective

To analyze the change in life expectancy and disease spectrum in residents of Jing'an District in Shanghai from 2016 to 2021.

Methods

Population data and mortality data of permanent residents in Jing'an District of Shanghai from 2016 to 2021 were collected from the Public Security Bureau of Jing'an District, and the Jing'an District Mortality Surveillance System. The ICD-10 was used to categorize the underlying causes of death. The Abridged Life Tables and Arriaga's decomposition method were used to analyze the impacts of age groups and causes of death on life expectancy.

Results

The life expectancy of these residents from 2016 to 2021 ranged from 83.68 to 84.40 years, which increased by 0.72 years in 2021 compared with that of 2016. The life expectancy of male residents was 81.47 to 82.15 years, demonstrating an increase of 0.68 years during the period. The life expectancy was 85.95 to 86.74 years for female residents, showing an increase of 0.79 years during the period. The decrease of mortality rate in 65 to 84 age group contributed 83.29% to the increase of the life expectancy (0.60 years) , while the decrease of mortality rate in 15 to 44 age group contributed -17.18% to the increase of the life expectancy (-0.12 years) . The largest contribution to the increase of life expectancy was the mortality reduction in cancer, followed by that in respiratory disease, which contributed 56.20% and 53.55%, respectively. The largest contribution to the decrease of life expectancy was increased mortality due to injuries and poisoning, followed by that due to endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, which contributed -35.69% and -17.25%, respectively.

Conclusion

The life expectancy of residents in Jing'an District from 2016 to 2021 was 83.68 to 84.40 years, seeing an increase of 0.72 years. The increase of life expectancy was mainly attributed to the decrease of mortality in 65 to 84 age group and the decrease of mortality due to cancer. However, the increase of mortality due to injuries and poisoning had negative contribution.

Key words: Life expectancy, Decomposition of life expectancy, Mortality, Neoplasms, Wounds and injuries, Poisoning, Tendency, Shanghai