中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (12): 1441-1448.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.02.137

所属专题: 安全用药最新文章合集

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基于循证理论构建重症监护病房患者多重耐药菌感染风险预测模型及外部验证研究

邹倩1, 耿苗苗2, 祝延红1,3,*()   

  1. 1200025 上海市,上海交通大学医学院公共卫生学院
    2200080 上海市,上海交通大学附属第一人民医院医院感染科
    3200080 上海市,上海交通大学附属第一人民医院科研处
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-12 修回日期:2021-12-15 出版日期:2022-03-03 发布日期:2022-03-21
  • 通讯作者: 祝延红
  • 邹倩,耿苗苗,祝延红.基于循证理论构建重症监护病房患者多重耐药菌感染风险预测模型及外部验证研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(12):1441-1448.[www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:邹倩提出研究方向及主要研究目标,负责设计研究方案及确定研究方法,同时负责数据分析与统计学处理,并对统计结果进行解释,绘制图标,撰写论文初稿;邹倩、耿苗苗负责文献检索、确定纳入文献及文献数据提取和整理;耿苗苗、祝延红负责收集、整理临床资料,提供数据;祝延红负责论文最终稿的修订、论文的质量控制及审校,对论文整体负责,监督管理;所有作者确认了论文的最终稿。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(71974127)

Development and External Validation of an Evidence-based Risk Prediction Model for Multidrug-resistant Bacterial Infections in ICU Patients

Qian ZOU1, Miaomiao GENG2, Yanhong ZHU1,3,*()   

  1. 1School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
    2Nosocomial Infection Department, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai 200080, China
    3Scientific Research Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China
  • Received:2021-11-12 Revised:2021-12-15 Published:2022-03-03 Online:2022-03-21
  • Contact: Yanhong ZHU
  • About author:
    ZOU Q, GENG M M, ZHU Y H. Development and external validation of an evidence-based risk prediction model for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in ICU patients [J] . Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (12) : 1441-1448.

摘要: 背景 既往研究证明多重耐药菌会在重症监护病房(ICU)患者之间交叉传播,患者获得多重耐药菌感染将影响其现有疾病的治疗效果;且临床上对多重耐药菌的检测速度较为缓慢。在此背景下,多重耐药菌感染预测研究应运而生。 目的 基于循证理论构建ICU患者多重耐药菌感染风险预测模型,并回顾性收集真实临床数据对模型进行验证。 方法 采用Meta分析的方法构建模型,即计算机检索PubMed、EMBase、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、中文科技期刊数据库和中华医学期刊全文数据库2012年1月至2020年6月发表的有关ICU患者多重耐药菌感染的文献,提取可分析的危险因素,采用Stata/SE 12.0软件对纳入文献的数据进行Meta分析,确定ICU患者多重耐药菌感染的危险因素,并对各个危险因素的合并效应值进行β值转换构建ICU患者多重耐药菌感染风险预测模型。选取上海市第一人民医院2018年1月至2021年6月入住ICU的成年患者3 908例,收集患者的临床资料,构建预测模型,绘制预测模型预测患者多重耐药菌感染的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,从而进行预测模型外部验证。 结果 共纳入31篇文献,确定17个危险因素。通过换算公式得到预测模型Logit(P)=-2.476 3+0.086X1〔性别(男)〕+0.191X2(住院史)+0.392X3(从外院转入)+1.723X4(ICU住院天数)+0.315X5(其他感染)+0.385X6(慢性阻塞性肺疾病)+0.131X7(糖尿病)+0.536X8(肾脏疾病)+0.285X9(肾衰竭)+0.565X10(透析)+0.148X11(机械通气)+0.742X12(中央静脉导管)+0.336X13(导尿管)+3.483X14(抗菌药物使用种类)+0.174X15(抗菌药物使用史)+0.975X16(使用碳青霉烯类药物)+1.151X17(使用氨基糖苷类药物)。将3 908例患者数据代入预测模型中进行外部验证,结果显示,灵敏度为64.36%,特异度为80.39%,约登指数为0.447 4,ROC曲线下面积为0.724。 结论 基于循证理论构建包含17个危险因素的ICU患者多重耐药菌感染风险预测模型,该模型预判效果较好,证明基于循证理论构建风险预测模型具有较好的外推性、科学性和实用性,该方案可推广适用于其他疾病的预测研究中。

关键词: 重症监护病房, 多重耐药菌, Logistic模型, 预测模型, Meta分析, 循证理论

Abstract:

Background

Previous research has found that multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria can be transmitted between ICU patients, and the infections caused by MDR bacteria may negatively affect the efficacy of current treatment. As the speed of diagnostic testing to identify MDR bacteria is relatively slow in clinical practice, the research regarding the prediction of MDR bacteria infections has developed.

Objective

To develop an evidence-based risk prediction model for MDR bacterial infections in ICU patients, and to verify it using the real-world clinical data collected retrospectively.

Methods

Potential risk factors for MDR bacterial infections in ICU patients were identified by a meta-analysis of studies regarding MDR bacterial infections in ICU patients included in databases of PubMed, EMBase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Ace Base of CMA during January 2012 to June 2020 using Stata/SE 12.0 software, and were used to develop a risk prediction model by transforming effect size to the standardized regression (β) coefficient. Next the model was fully established and externally verified using the clinical data of adult ICU patients (n=3 908) recruited from Shanghai General Hospital from January 2018 to June 2021. ROC analysis was used to describe the predictive accuracy of the prediction model.

Results

Seventeen potential risk factors of MDR bacterial infections in ICU patients were identified through the meta-analysis of 31 included studies. The MDR bacterial infection risk prediction model incorporating these 17 factors with corresponding β value as coefficient (derived from converting the risk effect size of each factor) was developed: Logit (P) =-2.476 3 +0.086X1〔gender (male) 〕+0.191X2 (history of hospitalization) +0.392X3 (being transferred from another hospital) +1.723X4 (length of ICU stay) +0.315X5 (other infections) +0.385X6 (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) +0.131X7 (diabetes) +0.536X8 (renal disease) +0.285X9 (renal failure) +0.565X10 (dialysis) +0.148X11 (mechanical ventilation) +0.742X12 (central venous catheter) +0.336X13 (urinary catheter) +3.483X14 (types of used antimicrobial drugs) +0.174X15 (history of antimicrobial use) +0.975X16 (history of carbapenems use) +1.151X17 (history of aminoglycosides use) . External verification of the model revealed that the model had 64.36% sensitivity, 80.39% specificity, and 0.447 4 Youden index, and an AUC of 0.724.

Conclusion

Our model has been proved to have good performance in predicting the MDR bacterial infection risk in ICU patients, as well as relatively good applicability, scientificity, and practicability. The development regimen may be used as a reference for developing a risk prediction model for other diseases.

Key words: Intensive care units, Multi-drug resistant bacteria, Logistic models, Prediction model, Meta analysis, Evidence-based theory