中国全科医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (9): 1076-1081.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.118

所属专题: 睡眠研究最新文章合集 精神卫生最新文章合集 睡眠问题专题研究 衰弱最新文章合集

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

睡眠质量与抑郁症状及其交互作用与老年人认知衰弱的关联研究

崔光辉1,李少杰2,孔庆悦1,尹永田3*,陈莉军3,陈磊1,刘馨谣4   

  1. 1.250355山东省济南市,山东中医药大学针灸推拿学院 2.410078湖南省长沙市,中南大学湘雅公共卫生学院 3.250355山东省济南市,山东中医药大学护理学院 4.250355山东省济南市,山东中医药大学中医学院
    *通信作者:尹永田,副教授;E-mail:yinyongtian2004@163.com
  • 出版日期:2021-03-20 发布日期:2021-03-20
  • 基金资助:
    山东省中医药科技发展计划项目(2019-0010);山东省研究生教育质量提升计划项目(SDYJG19145);山东省教育科学十三五规划项目(YC2019370)

Association of Sleep Quality,Depressive Symptoms and Their Interaction with Cognitive Frailty in Elderly People 

CUI Guanghui1,LI Shaojie2,KONG Qingyue1,YIN Yongtian3*,CHEN Lijun3,CHEN Lei1,LIU Xinyao4   

  1. 1.School of Acupuncture and Massage,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China
    2.Xiangya School of Public Health,Central South University,Changsha 410078,China
    3.School of Nursing,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China
    4.School of Chinese Medicine,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China
    *Corresponding author:YIN Yongtian,Associate professor;E-mail:yinyongtian2004@163.com
  • Published:2021-03-20 Online:2021-03-20

摘要: 背景 随着人口老龄化程度的加深和医疗卫生服务需求的增加,老年人群的疾病防治和健康管理显得尤为重要。认知衰弱作为多种不良健康结局的危险因素,日益成为学界关注的焦点,但相关研究在国内尚处于起步阶段。目的 探究睡眠质量与抑郁症状及其交互作用与老年人认知衰弱的关联。方法 采用分层整群抽样法,于2019年12月从济南市抽取6个社区、10个行政村1 130例老年人进行调查。采用调查问卷〔一般资料调查表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI,用于评估睡眠质量)、简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15,用于评估抑郁症状)、简易精神状态量表(MMSE,用于评估认知功能)、中文版Tilburg衰弱量表(用于评估衰弱情况)〕进行问卷调查,如受试者同时存在认知障碍和衰弱,则将其判定为认知衰弱。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究睡眠质量及抑郁症状与老年人认知衰弱的关联强度和交互作用。结果 共发放问卷1 130份,回收有效问卷1 091份,有效回收率为96.6%。1 091例老年人存在睡眠障碍186例(17.0%),无睡眠障碍905例(83.0%);抑郁症状180例(16.5%),无抑郁症状911例(83.5%);认知衰弱89例(8.2%),非认知衰弱1 002例(91.8%)。不同年龄、受教育程度、每日久坐时间>5 h情况、慢性病患病情况老年人认知衰弱发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,睡眠障碍〔OR=3.258,95%CI(1.999,5.309)〕、抑郁症状〔OR=2.816,95%CI(1.699,4.668)〕是老年人发生认知衰弱的影响因素(P<0.05)。交互作用分析结果显示,同时存在睡眠障碍和抑郁症状老年人发生认知衰弱的风险为不存在睡眠障碍且不存在抑郁症状老年人的10.536倍〔95%CI(5.395,20.576)〕,超额危险度(RERI)=6.998〔95%CI(0.384,13.612)〕,归因比(AP)=0.664〔95%CI(0.405,0.924)〕,交互作用指数(S)=3.758〔95%CI(1.407,10.038)〕,即睡眠质量与抑郁症状对老年人发生认知衰弱具有相加交互作用。结论 睡眠障碍、抑郁症状是老年人发生认知衰弱的影响因素,且睡眠质量与抑郁症状对老年人发生认知衰弱具有相加交互作用。

关键词: 衰弱, 认知, 睡眠质量, 抑郁症状, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Background Disease prevention and treatment,and health management in elderly people are particularly important in the context of accelerated aging and increased healthcare needs of the aging population.As a risk factor of various adverse health outcomes,cognitive frailty has attracted increasing academic attentions,but related research is still in the early stage in China.Objective To explore the association of sleep quality,depressive symptoms and their interaction with cognitive frailty in the elderly.Methods In December 2019,by use of random stratified sampling,six communities and 10 administrative villages in Jinan City,China were selected,from which a cluster sample of eligible 1 130 elderly individuals were enrolled,and were invited to attend a questionnaire survey using the General Demographic Questionnaire(development by us),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale (used to assess sleep quality),15-item Geriatric Depression Scale(used to assess depressive symptoms),Mini-mental State Examination(used to assess cognitive function) and the Chinese version of Tilburg Frailty Indicator(used to assess frailty).Cognitive frailty was defined as the presence of both cognitive impairment and frailty.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the strength of association of cognitive frailty with sleep quality,depressive symptoms,as well as the interaction between sleep quality and depressive symptoms.Results In all,1 091 cases(96.6%) who returned responsive questionnaires were included for final analysis.Among the respondents,186(17.0%) had sleep disorders and other 905 (83.0%)did not;180(16.5%) had depressive symptoms and 911(83.5%) did not;89(8.2%)were found with cognitive frailty and other 1 002(91.8%) without.The prevalence of cognitive frailty was varied according to age,education level,sedentary time greater than 5 hours per day,and chronic disease prevalence(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that sleep disorders 〔OR=3.258,95%CI(1.999,5.309)〕and depressive symptoms〔OR=2.816,95%CI(1.699,4.668)〕 were factors associated with cognitive frailty in the erderly(P<0.05).The interaction analysis demonstrated that the risk of cognitive frailty in elderly individuals with sleep disorders and depressive symptoms was 10.536 times higher than that in those without〔95%CI(5.395,20.576)〕,RERI=6.998〔95%CI(0.384,13.612)〕,AP=0.664〔95%CI(0.405,0.924)〕,S=3.758〔95%CI(1.407,10.038)〕,indicating that poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms had additive interaction on cognitive frailty.Conclusion Sleep disorders and depressive symptoms were influencing factors for cognitive frailty among elderly people,and they had an additive interactive effect on cognitive frailty.

Key words: Marasmus, Cognition, Sleep quality, Depressive symptoms, Root cause analysis