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·医学循证·

肿瘤患儿家庭照护者照护经历的质性系统评价

2
何龙韬 1，2* ，李孟华 ，吴汉 2 扫描二维码
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【摘要】 背景 家庭照护者作为肿瘤患儿最直接的照顾者，在照护肿瘤患儿的过程中扮演着重要角色。有学者
采用质性研究方法，对家庭照护者照顾肿瘤患儿过程中的感受和体验等进行了研究，发现家庭照护者面临着巨大的困
境与压力。目的 系统整合与评价家庭照护者照护肿瘤患儿的经历，旨在为改善肿瘤患儿的照护现状及促进其家庭照
护者的身心健康提供循证依据。方法 于 2021 年 6 月系统检索 Web of Science、PubMed、EmBase、Medline、中国知
网和万方数据知识服务平台中与家庭照护者照护肿瘤患儿经历相关的质性研究，检索时限为建库至 2021-06-01。由研
究者根据纳入排除标准独立筛选文献、提取资料后，采用澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所（JBI）循证卫生保健中心质
性研究质量评价标准评价纳入研究的质量，并使用汇集性整合方法对结果进行整合。结果 最终纳入 12 项研究，提
炼 38 个完整的研究结果，归纳出 11 个新的类别，并得到 2 个整合结果：照护困境与负面影响、照护资源。结论 家
庭照护者在照护肿瘤患儿的过程中，虽然面临着各种挑战，并承受着较大的压力，但能积极地从自身、他人（处）、“非
人”的外部、文化与信仰（中）汲取前行的力量，并从安宁疗护中感受到生命的尊严。医务人员在为家庭照护者提供
帮助时，需考虑患儿治疗阶段的特点、照护经历影响的两面性和照护者的文化属性，有针对性地给予照护者支持与引导，
最终减轻肿瘤患儿家庭照护者负担的同时，提升肿瘤患儿的生存质量。
【关键词】 家庭照护者；儿童；肿瘤；照护经历；质性研究；系统评价
【中图分类号】 R 739.9 【文献标识码】 A DOI：10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.308
何龙韬，李孟华，吴汉 . 肿瘤患儿家庭照护者照护经历的质性系统评价［J］. 中国全科医学，2022，25（10）：
1275-1282.［www.chinagp.net］
HE L T，LI M H，WU H. Caregiving experiences of family caregivers for children with tumors：a qualitative systematic
review［J］. Chinese General Practice，2022，25（10）：1275-1282.

Caregiving Experiences of Family Caregivers for Children with Tumors：a Qualitative Systematic Review HE
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Longtao 1，2* ，LI Menghua ，WU Han 2
1.Department of Sociology，Nanjing University，Nanjing 210000，China
2.Research Institute of Social Development，Southwestern University of Finance and Economics，Chengdu 611130，China
*
Corresponding author：HE Longtao，Associate professor，Master supervisor；E-mail：lzhlt01@hotmail.com
【Abstract】 Background As the most direct caregivers，family caregivers play a crucial role in caring children
with cancer. Qualitative studies on their emotions and experiences have reported that they face great challenges and pressures
during caring children with cance. Objective To perform an integrative synthesis of caregiving experiences of family caregivers
of children with cancer，providing evidence derived from practice for improving the caring for such children，and their family
caregivers' physical and mental health. Methods Qualitative studies regarding caregiving experiences of family caregivers
for children with cancer were retrieved from Web of Science，PubMed，EmBase，Medline，CNKI，and Wanfang Data
from inception to June 1，2021. Literature screening，and data extraction were performed by two researchers，separately.
Methodological quality was assessed using JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses.
And the results were synthesized using an integrative review approach. Results Twelve studies were finaly enrolled. Thirty-
eight complete evidence of 11 types arose from the synthesis and were summarized into two themes：（1）care challenges
and burdens；（2）care resources. Each primary topic encompasses multiple sub-topics. Conclusion We found that
family caregivers face a variety of burdens and challenges，and they attempt to actively solve them using their own strengths，
supports from their own personal networks，other people，external sources（non-governmental, public and supportive policy
resources），culture and belief，as well as knowledge about hospice care. To relieve their care burden，and improve the quality

基金项目：教育部 2020 年度人文社会科学研究社会学青年基金项目（20XJC840001）；中国博士后科学基金第 69 批面上资助
（2021M691521）
1.210000 江苏省南京市，南京大学社会学系 2.611130 四川省成都市，西南财经大学社会发展研究院
*
通信作者：何龙韬，副教授，硕士生导师；E-mail：lzhlt01@hotmail.com
本文数字出版日期：2021-09-27