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           patients (56 females and 9 males)with the age mostly between 20-39 years old 〔83.1%(54/65)〕. Most of AIP patients'
           admission were for abdominal pain〔63 cases(96.9%)〕,often accompanied by nausea,vomiting,and constipation. 56.9%(37/65)
           of AIP patients suffered from central neuropathy,disturbance of consciousness(25 cases),epileptiform seizures(22 cases)
           and respiratory muscle paralysis(6 cases). 13.8% (9/65) of patients experienced peripheral neuropathy including fatigue
           (6 cases) and limb numbness(4 cases). 30.8% (20/65) of patients had autonomic neuropathy such as hypertension and
           tachycardia. 9.2%(6/65)of patients experienced spirit symptoms,such as depression,anxiety and hallucination. Thirty-five
           patients had generated multiple acute attacks of AIP. In some patients,the onset of AIP may have been related to menstruation(9
           cases),pregnancy and childbirth(4 cases),fatigue(3 cases),alcohol consumption(2 cases),and dieting(1 case).
           25 patients developed hyponatremia. There were 11 cases of anemia and 11 cases of abnormal liver function. Six patients were in
           abnormal renal function. 1 case was caught in disorder of cortisol rhythm. Twenty-seven patients received carbohydrate loading
           therapy,and 25 of them were improved. Two patients were treated with carbohydrate loading combined with heme therapy,
           and 1 eventually improved. A total of 26 HMBS gene mutations were included in the study,where in the p.R173W,p.R173Q,
           p.T269R,p.W283X and p.A330P mutations were detected in multiple patients. And different patients with the same gene mutation
           may also show different clinical phenotypes. Conclusion AIP is a disease with complex and variable clinical manifestations and
           heterogeneous severity of disease. The acute attack of AIP should be considered if patients,especially young female patients,
           are clinically found to be with unexplained abdominal pain,epileptiform seizures,disturbance of consciousness,hypertension,
           tachycardia and hyponatremiain. Currently,carbohydrate loading therapy is mainly applied to control the attack of AIP in China.
           In terms of factors affecting the clinical phenotype of AIP,further exploration still needs to be carried out.
               【Key words】 Porphyria,acute intermittent;Abdominal pain;Hyponatremia;Clinical protocols



               急性间歇性卟啉病(acute intermittent porphyria,
                                                                本研究价值:
           AIP)是由于编码卟胆素原脱氨酶(hydroxymethylbilane
                                                                    急性间歇性卟啉病(AIP)是一种罕见的常染色
           synthase,HMBS,血红素合成途径中的关键酶)的基因                       体显性遗传病,而在考虑人口基数以及其患者数目可
           发生功能丧失性突变而引起的卟啉代谢障碍                     [1] 。AIP
                                                                随着人类的繁衍而不断增长后,AIP 的实际患者数目
           的临床表现复杂多变,可涉及胃肠道、神经、精神等多
                                                                不容小觑。AIP 的临床表现复杂多变,可涉及全身多
           个系统。按临床特点和发作形式,有症状的 AIP 患者可
                                                                个系统,与其他多种疾病的症状存在“重叠”,极易
           分为腹痛型(病情较轻,仅有胃肠道表现者)和神经症
                                                                引起误诊误治而延误病情。目前国内外的相关研究多
           状型(伴有神经精神症状者,常病情较重)。
                                                                为病例报道,且以北欧人群为主。查阅文献发现,我
               AIP 可通过测量血、尿、便中卟啉及卟啉前体水平、
                                                                国近年来所报道的 AIP 病例数目不断增加,目前尚无
           血清 HMBS 活性等方法进行诊断。但这些诊断方法缺乏
                                                                关于 AIP 患者临床资料的系统分析。本研究通过对公
           特异性,且部分间歇期 AIP 患者的这些指标可处于参考
                                                                开发表的携带卟胆素原脱氨酶(HMBS)基因突变的
           范围。AIP 作为一种常染色体显性遗传性疾病,基因检
                                                                中国 AIP 患者的临床资料进行整理分析,以期提高医
           测不仅可以明确突变类型提高诊断的准确性,还能识别
                                                                务工作者对 AIP 的认识,减少误诊误治,为后续的相
           出无症状携带者。因此基因测序是 AIP 诊断的金标准。
                                                                关研究奠定基础。
               AIP 患者如果能获得早期的诊断和有效治疗,可减
           轻患者家庭及社会的医疗负担,并有利于预后                     [2] 。但     病例报道、论著、简报等报道 AIP 病例资料的所有文献
           目前我国对 AIP 的认识不足,相关研究较少,临床上易                         类型;(3)诊断标准:以患者主诉症状、体征、实验
           引起误诊误治。如何做出及时准确的诊断及治疗是医务                            室检查结果及基因测序结果作为诊断 AIP 的标准。
           人员所面临的一大难题。本研究旨在对中国所有公开发                            1.1.2 文献排除标准 (1)重复发表的文献;(2)未
           表的明确有 HMBS 基因突变的 AIP 患者的临床资料进                       报道 AIP 病例资料或病例资料不完整的文献;(3)未
           行整理分析,描述我国 AIP 患者的临床特点及治疗效果,                        报道 HMBS 基因突变或所报道的基因突变出现错误的
           以提高医务工作者对 AIP 的认识。                                  文献。
           1 资料与方法                                             1.2 文献检索策略 计算机检索 PubMed 及中国知网、
           1.1 文献纳入与排除标准                                       万方数据知识服务平台、维普网,通过人工检索和文献
           1.1.1 文献纳入标准 (1)研究对象:中国地区已发                         追溯的方法,收集建库至 2021-06-30 所有公开发表的
           表的有完整临床资料并明确携带有 HMBS 基因突变的                          关于中国 AIP 病例的相关文献。英文检索词为“Acute
           AIP 患者,年龄、性别、民族不限;(2)文献类型:                          Intermittent Porphyria”“China”,中文检索词为“急
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