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the effect of core values of general practice(first contact/first line care,continuity,accessibility,comprehensiveness,
coordination and patient-oriented)on the adherence(medication adherence,diet adherence,exercise adherence,self-
monitoring adherence and regular hospital visits adherence)of type 2 diabetic patients,providing a reference for improving
the adherence of such patients by precisely enhancing the core values of general practices. Methods A survey was conducted
between August and September 2019 with a convenience sample of type 2 diabetics receiving contacted family doctor services from
Shayuan Community Health Center of Guangzhou using a questionnaire consisting of three parts〔demographic information,the
Chinese version of Primary Care Assessment Survey(ASPC),and Adherence to Out-of-hospital Treatment of Type 2 Diabetics
(AOTTD)〕. Treatment adherence was compared by various personal factors. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze
the association of the core values of general practice with treatment adherence. Results Altogether,224 cases who handed in
responsive questionnaires were included for final analysis. The average scores of AOTTD,and ASPC of the respondents were
(80.57±11.27)and(72.95±11.40),respectively. The scores of AOTTD differed significantly by sex and understanding
level of type 2 diabetes(P<0.05). The total score of ASPC and the score of its each domain were associated with the total score of
AOTTD,or the domain score of regular hospital visits(P<0.10). The scores of two domains(accessibility and coordination)
of the ASPC were associated with the medication adherence score(P<0.10). The domain score of coordination was associated
with the diet adherence score(P<0.10). The score of each domain of the ASPC(except for coordination) was associated with
the self-monitoring adherence score(P<0.10). Conclusion For type 2 diabetics,strengthening each of the core values of
general practice could contribute to the increase of their treatment adherence,and regular hospital visits adherence. Improving
the accessibility of general practice could enhance their medication adherence. Improving the coordination of general practice
could enhance their medication adherence and diet adherence. Improving first contact/first line care,continuity,accessibility,
comprehensiveness,coordination and patient-oriented values of general practice could contribute to the increase of their
medication adherence. But no association was found between the core values of general practice and patients'exercise adherence,
which suggests that providing more exercise resources and environmental support for these patients may be a solution.
【Key words】 General practice;Core domains;Treatment adherence and compliance;Diabetes mellitus,type 2;
Contracted family doctor services
糖尿病是严重危害全球人群健康的慢性非传染性疾 着重点,加强基层医疗卫生服务体系建设”形成共识。
病之一。据国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)统计,截至 2019 年, 我国家庭医生签约服务政策着力于通过提升全科医疗核
我国 65 岁及以上糖尿病患者数约为 3 550 万,居世界 心特征功能来促进基层医疗卫生发展。本研究从基层医
首位 [1] 。长期性血糖过高导致的各种并发症,严重影 疗卫生领域出发,选取签约家庭医生的社区 2 型糖尿病
响着患者的生命健康 [2] 。糖尿病长期治疗的效果,很 患者为调查对象,探究全科医疗核心特征功能对 2 型糖
大程度上取决于患者的依从性 [3] 。研究发现,通过提 尿病患者治疗依从性的影响,从而为通过针对性地强化
高糖尿病患者的治疗依从性可改善其血糖控制情况 [4-5] 。 全科医疗核心特征功能来提升 2 型糖尿病患者治疗依从
目前,较为公认的依从性定义是患者的行为与医嘱或健 性提供参考依据,最终助力基层糖尿病防治管理水平的
康处方相一致的程度 [6-9] 。糖尿病患者的治疗依从性主 提升。
要从饮食治疗依从性、运动治疗依从性、药物治疗依从 1 对象与方法
性、自我监测依从性和定期复查依从性 5 个方面进行评 1.1 研究对象 本研究为横断面调查研究。选取 2019
价 [10] 。基层医疗卫生机构作为糖尿病防控的第一线 [11] , 年 8—9 月于广州市海珠区沙园社区卫生服务中心全科
可通过组织健康教育活动,提供个性化的治疗方案、饮 门诊就诊的 2 型糖尿病患者为研究对象。纳入标准:(1)
食 / 运动 / 用药指导服务,开展定期随访工作,搭建病 自我报告患有 2 型糖尿病;(2)年龄≥ 18 岁;(3)
友交流互助、多学科团队合作平台,推动医患共同决策 已签约家庭医生服务;(4)过去 1 年在社区卫生服务
等方式,为糖尿病患者提供连续性、综合性和以患者为 中心就诊≥ 3 次;(5)能够正确理解调查问卷内容,
中心的服务 [12] ,进而提高糖尿病患者的治疗依从性, 会讲普通话或粤语;(6)知情同意,并自愿配合调查。
而上述服务内容均体现了全科医疗核心特征功能。全科 排除标准:(1)存在严重认知功能或精神障碍者;(2)
医疗核心特征功能既是全科医疗区别于专科医疗的本质 存在严重视觉或听觉障碍者;(3)存在语言表达或交
功能,又是全科医疗的核心价值,包括首诊/第一线照护、 流障碍者;(4)患严重躯体疾病,无法配合完成调查者。
可及性、连续性、综合性、协调性和以患者为中心 6 个 本研究已获得中山大学公共卫生学院医学伦理委员会审
维度 [13] 。目前国际上就“以全科医疗核心特征功能为 批(审批号:中大公卫医伦〔2018〕第 014 号)。