The associations of muscle and adipose tissue with bone mineral density (BMD) in perimenopausal women has been studied, but there are differences in site distribution, which lead to that the effect of muscle and adipose tissue on BMD and the site of action are still unclear.

To analyze the relationships of BMD in lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip and adipose, muscle tissue in perimenopausal women, and provide theoretical basis for improving the quality of life of middle-aged and elderly and preventing and treatment of osteoporosis (OP) .

2 355 women aged 40-60 years who underwent medical examination in the Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 2018 to October 2021 were retrospectively selected and divided into pre-menopausal women (n=1 261) and post-menopausal women (n=1 094) according to whether they were menopausal or not. BMD of lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip were measured by Dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) . Adipose and muscle tissue were measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) . To explore the association of adipose and muscle tissue with BMD of different site in perimenopausal women by Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of appendicular lean mass (ALM) for postmenopausal OP.

Pearson correlation analysis showed that adipose mass, total body muscle mass, trunk muscle mass and ALM were positively correlated with BMD of lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip in premenopausal, postmenopausal and overall women (P<0.05) .Multiple linear regression analysis showed that total body muscle mass and trunk muscle mass were the influencing factors of femoral neck BMD in overall female (β=-0.051, 0.099, P<0.05) , ALM was an influencing factor of BMD of lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip in overall female (β=0.244, 0.199, 0.199, P<0.05) ; total body muscle mass was an influencing factor for BMD of femoral neck and total hip in postmenopausal women (β=-0.125, -0.075, P<0.05) . Trunk muscle mass was an influencing factor for BMD of femoral neck in postmenopausal women (β=0.150, P<0.05) . ALM was the influencing factor for BMD of lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip in postmenopausal women (β=0.226, 0.216, 0.188, P<0.05) . ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of ALM for predicting OP of total hip in postmenopausal women was 0.825〔95%CI (0.742, 0.908) 〕, with 81.82% sensitivity and 76.59% specificity when the cut-off value was 16.24 kg. The AUC of ALM for predicting OP of femoral neck in postmenopausal women was 0.760〔95%CI (0.692, 0.829) 〕, with 75.61% sensitivity and 61.89% specificity when the cut-off value was 16.68 kg. The AUC of ALM for predicting OP of lumbar spine in postmenopausal women was 0.641〔95%CI (0.603, 0.679) 〕, with 60.85% sensitivity and 60.17% specificity, when the cut-off value was 17.20 kg. The best site of ALM for predicting OP in postmenopausal women was the total hip (Z_{femoral neck}=-9.89, P<0.05) .

ALM is positively correlated with BMD of lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip in postmenopausal women. ALM can predict the occurrence of OP at different body parts of postmenopausal women, of which the optimal site of prediction for OP is the total hip.

围绝经期女性肌肉和脂肪组织与各部位骨密度（BMD）间的关系已有研究，但存在部位分布差异，导致肌肉和脂肪组织对BMD的影响及作用部位仍未明确。

分析围绝经期女性腰椎、股骨颈和全髋BMD与脂肪和肌肉组织的关系，为提高中老年人生活质量及防治骨质疏松症（OP）提供理论依据。

回顾性选取2018年1月—2021年10月于贵州医科大学附属医院健康管理中心进行体检的2 355例40~60岁的女性为研究对象，根据是否绝经将体检女性分为绝经前女性（n=1 261）和绝经后女性（n=1 094），采用双能X线吸收法（DXA）和生物电阻抗体成分分析仪（BIA）测量体检女性腰椎、股骨颈、全髋BMD和脂肪、肌肉组织。采用Pearson相关和多元线性回归分析探讨脂肪和肌肉组织与体检女性各部位BMD的关系。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析四肢骨骼肌肉量（ALM）对绝经后女性OP的预测价值。

Pearson相关分析结果显示，BMI、脂肪量、全身肌肉量、躯干肌肉量和ALM与绝经前、绝经后、总体检女性腰椎、股骨颈、全髋BMD呈正相关（P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析结果显示，全身肌肉量、躯干肌肉量是总体检女性股骨颈BMD的影响因素（β=-0.051，0.099；P<0.05）；ALM是总体检女性腰椎、股骨颈、全髋BMD的影响因素（β=0.244，0.199，0.199；P<0.05）；全身肌肉量是绝经后女性股骨颈、全髋BMD的影响因素（β=-0.125，-0.075；P<0.05）；躯干肌肉量是绝经后女性股骨颈BMD的影响因素（β=0.150，P<0.05）；ALM是绝经后女性腰椎、股骨颈、全髋BMD的影响因素（β=0.226，0.216，0.188；P<0.05）。ROC曲线分析结果显示，ALM预测绝经后女性全髋OP的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0.825〔95%CI（0.742，0.908）〕，灵敏度为81.82%，特异度为76.59%，最佳截断值为16.24 kg；ALM预测绝经后女性股骨颈OP的AUC为0.760〔95%CI（0.692，0.829）〕，灵敏度为75.61%，特异度为61.89%，最佳截断值为16.68 kg；ALM预测绝经后女性腰椎OP的AUC为0.641〔95%CI（0.603，0.679）〕，灵敏度为60.85%，特异度为60.17%，最佳截断值为17.20 kg，其中ALM预测绝经后女性OP的最佳部位是全髋（Z_股骨颈=-9.89，P<0.05）。

ALM与绝经后女性腰椎、股骨颈和全髋BMD呈正相关；ALM可预测绝经后女性各部位OP的发生，ALM预测绝经后女性OP最佳部位是全髋。