中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (17): 2135-2144.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.01.602

• 医学循证 • 上一篇    下一篇

术前不同糖化血红蛋白水平对成人心脏手术患者预后影响的Meta分析

李沪生1, 黄凤2,3, 高玉婷2, 王一焱1, 王佳琪1, 吴静1,*()   

  1. 1.201203 上海市,上海中医药大学护理学院
    2.201203 上海市,上海中医药大学附属曙光医院心胸外科
    3.201203 上海市,上海中医药大学附属曙光医院心脏重症监护室
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-19 修回日期:2022-01-17 出版日期:2022-04-28 发布日期:2022-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 吴静
  • 李沪生,黄凤,高玉婷,等.术前不同糖化血红蛋白水平对成人心脏手术患者预后影响的Meta分析[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(17):2135-2144. [www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:李沪生负责撰写、修订论文,统计学处理、结果分析与解释;李沪生、吴静负责文章构思与研究设计;黄凤负责研究可行性分析;高玉婷、王一焱、王佳琪负责数据收集、整理;黄凤、吴静负责文章质量控制及审校;吴静对文章整体负责,监督管理。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(71904127); 上海市卫生健康委员会科研课题(202150051); 上海中医药大学护理学院学科能力提升项目(2022HLXK10)

Association of Preoperative Glycosylated Hemoglobin with the Prognosis of Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: a Meta-analysis

Husheng LI1, Feng HUANG2,3, Yuting GAO2, Yiyan WANG1, Jiaqi WANG1, Jing WU1,*()   

  1. 1.School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
    2.Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
    3.Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
  • Received:2021-11-19 Revised:2022-01-17 Published:2022-04-28 Online:2022-04-28
  • Contact: Jing WU
  • About author:
    LI H S, HUANG F, GAO Y T, et al. Association of preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin with the prognosis of adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a Meta-analysis[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (17) : 2135-2144.

摘要: 背景 对于术前糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平对成人心脏手术预后所造成的影响,目前已经引起了国内外学者的重视。但各研究参考标准不同,导致对HbA1c分界值的划定也不尽相同。 目的 通过Meta分析方法系统评价术前不同HbA1c水平对成人心脏手术患者预后的影响。 方法 计算机检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、Medline、EMBase、The Cochrane Library,搜集有关术前HbA1c水平对成人心脏手术预后影响的病例-对照、前瞻性或回顾性队列研究,检索时限为2000年1月1日至2021年9月10日。由2名研究人员独立进行文献筛选、数据提取,评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.4.1软件进行Meta分析。 结果 最终纳入35篇文献,均为队列研究,共计35 826例患者。根据血糖控制程度将研究分层,相同HbA1c分界值的归入同一亚组合并分析。Meta分析结果显示:术前HbA1c<5.5%组患者成人心脏术后早期死亡率低于HbA1c≥5.5%组〔相对危险度(RR)=0.39,95%CI(0.18,0.84),P=0.02〕。术前HbA1c<6.0%、6.5%、7.0%、7.5%、8.0%组患者成人心脏术后胸骨感染率分别低于HbA1c≥6.0%、6.5%、7.0%、7.5%、8.0%组〔RR=0.47,95%CI(0.24,0.91),P=0.02;RR=0.48,95%CI(0.34,0.69),P<0.000 1;RR=0.37,95%CI(0.26,0.52),P<0.000 01;RR=0.22,95%CI(0.13,0.35),P<0.000 01;RR=0.23,95%CI(0.14,0.38),P<0.000 01〕。术前HbA1c<6.5%、7.0%、7.5%、8.0%组患者成人心脏术后脑血管事件发生率分别低于HbA1c≥6.5%、7.0%、7.5%、8.0%组〔RR=0.70,95%CI(0.52,0.94),P=0.02;RR=0.52,95%CI(0.39,0.69),P<0.000 01;RR=0.50,95%CI(0.32,0.80),P=0.003;RR=0.47,95%CI(0.29,0.75),P=0.002〕。术前HbA1c<6.0%、6.5%、7.0%、7.5%、8.0%组患者成人心脏术后急性肾损伤发生率分别低于HbA1c≥6.0%、6.5%、≥7.0%、≥7.5%、≥8.0%组〔RR=0.40,95%CI(0.18,0.92),P=0.03;RR=0.78,95%CI(0.71,0.84),P<0.000 01;RR=0.66,95%CI(0.55,0.78),P<0.000 01;RR=0.73,95%CI(0.65,0.82),P<0.001;RR=0.75,95%CI(0.67,0.84),P<0.000 01〕。术前HbA1c<6.0%、6.5%、7.0%组患者成人心脏术后住院时间分别短于HbA1c≥6.0%、6.5%、7.0%组〔均数差(MD)=-0.61,95%CI(-1.23,0.00),P=0.05;MD=-0.93,95%CI(-1.58,-0.29),P=0.005;MD=-0.81,95%CI(-1.11,-0.51),P<0.000 01〕。 结论 现有证据表明,术前HbA1c<5.5%能有效降低成人心脏手术患者术后早期死亡率,患者术前血糖控制越好,术后发生并发症的风险越小、预后越好。因此,成人心脏手术前应关注患者HbA1c,对处于高值者,应结合临床表现和脏器功能,对是否需要进行术前血糖优化干预进行权衡。

关键词: 糖基化血红蛋白A, 心脏外科手术, 糖尿病, 预后, Meta分析

Abstract:

Background

The association between preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and prognosis of adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery has attracted attentions of scholars. However, due to various reference values of preoperative HbA1c, the prognostic threshold of preoperative HbA1c used for these patients is different.

Objective

To perform a Meta-analysis to examine the association between preoperative HbA1c and prognosis in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods

Databases of CNKI, Wanfang Data, Medline, EMBase, The Cochrane Library were searched to collect case-control studies, prospective or retrospective cohort studies on the association between preoperative HbA1c and prognosis in adults undergoing cardiac surgery from January 1st, 2000 to September 10th, 2021. Studies screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed by two researchers independently. RevMan 5.4.1 was used to perform the Meta-analysis.

Results

A total of 35 cohort studies involving 35 826 adult cardiac surgery patients were included. The prognosis of these cases was analyzed by the control level of preoperative HbA1c. Meta-analysis revealed that adults with preoperative HbA1c < 5.5% had lower early postoperative mortality than those with preoperative HbA1c ≥5.5%〔RR=0.39, 95%CI (0.18, 0.84) , P=0.02〕. A lower rate of postoperative sternal wound infection was found in those with preoperative HbA1c< 6.0% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥6.0%〔RR=0.47, 95%CI (0.24, 0.91) , P=0.02〕, in those with preoperative HbA1c<6.5% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥6.5%〔RR=0.48, 95%CI (0.34, 0.69) , P<0.000 1〕, in those with preoperative HbA1c<7.0% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥7.0%〔RR=0.37, 95%CI (0.26, 0.52) , P<0.000 01〕, in those with preoperative HbA1c< 7.5% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥7.5%〔RR=0.22, 95%CI (0.13, 0.35) , P<0.000 01〕, or in those with preoperative HbA1c<8.0% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c ≥8.0%〔RR=0.23, 95%CI (0.14, 0.38) , P<0.000 01〕. A lower incidence of postoperative cerebrovascular events was observed in those with preoperative HbA1c< 6.5% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥6.5%〔RR=0.70, 95%CI (0.52, 0.94) , P=0.02〕, in those with preoperative HbA1c<7.0% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥7.0%〔RR=0.52, 95%CI (0.39, 0.69) , P<0.000 01〕, in those with preoperative HbA1c<7.5% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥7.5%〔RR=0.50, 95%CI (0.32, 0.80) , P=0.003〕, or in those with preoperative HbA1c<8.0% tather than those with preoperative HbA1c ≥8.0% 〔RR=0.47, 95%CI (0.29, 0.75) , P=0.002〕. A lower incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury was found in those with preoperative HbA1c< 6.0% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥6.0%〔RR=0.40, 95%CI (0.18, 0.92) , P=0.03〕, in those with preoperative HbA1c<6.5% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥6.5%〔RR=0.78, 95%CI (0.71, 0.84) , P<0.000 01〕, in those with preoperative HbA1c<7.0% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥7.0%〔RR=0.66, 95%CI (0.55, 0.78) , P<0.000 01〕, in those with preoperative HbA1c<7.5% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥7.5%〔RR=0.73, 95%CI (0.65, 0.82) , P<0.000 01〕, or in those with preoperative HbA1c<8.0% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c ≥8.0%〔RR=0.75, 95%CI (0.67, 0.84) , P<0.000 01〕. A shorter mean length of stay was found in those with preoperative HbA1c< 6.0% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥6.0%〔MD=-0.61, 95%CI (-1.23, 0.00) , P=0.05〕, in those with preoperative HbA1c<6.5% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥6.5%〔MD=-0.93, 95%CI (-1.58, -0.29) , P=0.005〕, or in those with preoperative HbA1c<7.0% rather than those with preoperative HbA1c≥7.0%〔MD=-0.81, 95%CI (-1.11, -0.51) , P<0.000 01〕.

Conclusion

Existing evidence shows that preoperative HbA1c less than 5.5% can effectively reduce early postoperative mortality of adult cardiac surgery patients. Better control of preoperative HbA1c level may be associated with reduced risk of postoperative complications and improved prognosis. Therefore, attention should be paid to the patient's HbA1c before cardiac surgery. For those with high HbA1c, it is suggested to take interventions to reduce blood glucose preoperatively in accordance with clinical manifestations and functions of organs if it is necessary.

Key words: Glycated hemoglobin A, Cardiac surgical procedures, Diabetes Mellitus, Prognosis, Meta-analysis