关键词: 肺心病, 中医药, 数据挖掘, 用药规律

Abstract: Background　Chronic pulmonary heart disease（PHD） is a common respiratory disease，which is the final stage of some chronic lung diseases. Chinese medicines have proved to be effective in treating PHD. However，due to complexity of PHD，the TCM syndrome differentiation for it is not unified，and the prescriptions are various，so it is of great significance to explore the characteristics of prescribing Chinese medicines and the rules of combination use of Chinese medicines for treating PHD. Objective　To explore the rules of prescribing Chinese medicines and the rules of combination use of these medicines for PHD using data mining technique. Methods　Studies about PHD treated with Chinese medicines published during 2000—2020 were searched in databases of CNKI，Wanfang Data，VIP，and SinoMed，and screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted and input into a standardized database created from an Excel spreadsheet. Data mining technique was used to statistically analyze the use frequency，properties，taste，channel tropism，and effectiveness of Chinese medicines，rules of combination use and cluster analysis of core combinations for complex conditions. Results　A total of 166 articles were included，involving 197 prescriptions，and 202 herbs，with cumulative frequency of drug use of 2 944 times. The most frequently used medicines were Poria cocos （60.41%），Glycyrrhiza uralensis （59.39%），Astragalus membranaceus （58.84%），Salvia miltiorrhiza （49.23%），Lepidium seed （44.67%），Pinellia ternata （41.12%），and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz （40.10%）. The commonly used categories classified by physiologic effect were tonifying deficiency （25.79%），antitussive and antiasthmatic （15.35%），promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis （13.71%），expectorant （9.28%），and promoting diuresis for eliminating dampness （8.23%）. The drug properties were mainly warm （38.40%） and mild （22.73%）. The three primary tastes were bitter （31.84%），sweet （30.13%） and pungent （28.11%）. The three primary meridian tropisms of drugs were lung meridian（27.47%），spleen meridian（18.52%） and heart meridian（16.15%）. Nineteen dual combination therapies，227 triple combination therapies，and 160 quadruple combination therapies for pulmonary heart disease were identified，which mainly belong to the combination use of tonifying qi drugs，antitussive，antiasthmatic and expectorant drugs，and qi-regulating and spleen-strengthening drugs. Seven core prescriptions were excavated by cluster analysis. Conclusion　The mechanism of Chinese medicines treating PHD is mainly based on tonifying lung functions，strengthening spleen and cardiac functions，supplemented with antitussive，antiasthmatic，expectorant，blood stasis removing，and eliminating the pathogenic qi according to syndrome differentiation analysis. The commonly used drugs and rules of drug combinations for PHD obtained by data mining may contribute to clinical treatment of PHD using Chinese medicines，the development of new preparations，and drug combinations for PHD.

Key words: Pulmonary heart disease, Traditional Chinese medicine, Data mining, Medication rules