中国全科医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (20): 2879-2886.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2024.0534

• 论著 • 上一篇    

痔病严重度和手术风险预测评分的构建及临床指导价值研究

孙松朋1,*(), 许方方2, 龙俊红1, 王占军3, 曹俏蓉4, 万伟萍5, 李天煜6, 林梅3, 田颖7, 石斌2, 吴瑶3, 王建国4, 李新建3, 霍兴霄1, 梁隆雨1, 褚洪川1, 周阳洋1, 张志云5, 张书信1, 贾山3   

  1. 1.100700 北京市,北京中医药大学东直门医院肛肠科
    2.230001 安徽省合肥市,中国科学技术大学附属第一医院肛肠科
    3.100011 北京市肛肠医院(北京市二龙路医院)外科四病区
    4.030009 山西省太原市,山西省太原中医医院肛肠科
    5.650500 云南省昆明市,云南中医药大学第三附属医院肛肠科
    6.523722 广东省东莞市,广东医科大学附属东莞第一医院肛肠外科
    7.100011 北京市肛肠医院(北京市二龙路医院)外科五病区
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-04 修回日期:2024-09-29 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-06-05
  • 通讯作者: 孙松朋

  • 作者贡献:

    孙松朋负责研究命题的提出、设计、文献检索整理、论文起草和最终版本的修订,对论文负责;许方方、龙俊红、王占军、曹俏蓉、万伟萍、李天煜、林梅、田颖、石斌、吴瑶、王建国、李新建、张志云、张书信、贾山负责本研究调查表的发放与回收;霍兴霄、梁隆雨、褚洪川、周阳洋承担了数据录入与复核工作;所有作者认同本文最终稿。

Construction and Clinical Value of the Hemorrhoids Severity and Surgical Risk Prediction Score

SUN Songpeng1,*(), XU Fangfang2, LONG Junhong1, WANG Zhanjun3, CAO Qiaorong4, WAN Weiping5, LI Tianyu6, LIN Mei3, TIAN Ying7, SHI Bin2, WU Yao3, WANG Jianguo4, LI Xinjian3, HUO Xingxiao1, LIANG Longyu1, CHU Hongchuan1, ZHOU Yangyang1, ZHANG Zhiyun5, ZHANG Shuxin1, JIA Shan3   

  1. 1. Department of Anorectal Surgery, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijng 100700, China
    2. Department of Anorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
    3. Ward 4, Department of Surgery, Beijing Anorectal Hospital(Beijing Erlonglu Hospital), Beijing 100011, China
    4. Department of Anorectal Surgery, Taiyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030009, China
    5. Department of Pathology, Third Hospital Affiliated to Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
    6. Department of Anorectal Surgery, Dongguan First Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523722, China
    7. Ward 5, Department of Surgery, Beijing Anorectal Hospital(Beijing Erlonglu Hospital), Beijing 100011, China
  • Received:2024-06-04 Revised:2024-09-29 Published:2026-07-15 Online:2026-06-05
  • Contact: SUN Songpeng

摘要: 背景 痔病的治疗方法众多,原则上应首先药物治疗,对药物治疗无反应可进一步选择手术治疗。准确评估痔病严重程度并预测手术治疗的风险,是避免无效药物治疗的关键。 目的 本研究旨在建立痔病严重度和手术风险预测(HSSP)评分,并评价其临床治疗指导价值。 方法 于2021年11月—2022年11月在北京中医药大学东直门医院等6家医院进行横断面调查研究。采用自拟调查表、自拟痔病症状问卷、Goligher分级、内痔部位急性状态张力外痔(PATE)评分、Giordano痔病症状严重程度评分(GSQ)、中文版痔病和肛裂生命质量量表(HF-QoL-C)对纳入患者开展调查。采用多因素Logistic回归分析筛选变量,构建HSSP评分,比较手术治疗组和药物治疗组以及Goligher Ⅰ~Ⅳ度HSSP评分差异。采用Hosmer-Lemeshow检验评估模型拟合度。绘制HSSP评分预测手术风险的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,以ROC曲线下面积(AUC)评价HSSP评分的预测价值。比较不同HSSP评分组患者HF-QoL-C评分和Goligher分级差异,评估HSSP评分的区分效度。 结果 共发放问卷707份,回收有效问卷491份,回收率为69.45%。共纳入痔病患者491例,其中药物治疗组172例,手术治疗组319例。多因素Logistic回归分析获得年龄、病程、便血发作频率、肛门疼痛发作频率、痔核脱出还纳方式、痔病对日常生活的影响共6个变量构建HSSP评分,HSSP评分为6.0~19.5分,评分越高表示病情越严重。Hosmer-Lemeshow检验结果显示,模型拟合度良好(χ2=11.193,P=0.191)。药物治疗组和手术治疗组以及不同Goligher分级之间HSSP评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HSSP预测手术风险的AUC为0.808(95%CI=0.769~0.846),最佳截断值为12.25分,灵敏度为0.78,特异度为0.67。根据最佳截断值和HSSP评分,将患者分为HSSP评分<12.5分组和≥12.5分组。两组患者HF-QoL-C各维度评分以及Goligher分级比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 HSSP具有良好的区分效度和指导治疗的能力,可用于评价痔病严重程度,预测手术治疗的风险。HSSP评分≥12.5分的痔病患者,建议采取手术治疗。

关键词: 痔病, 手术风险预测, 痔病严重度, 效度

Abstract:

Background

There are many methods for the treatment of hemorrhoids. In principle, drug treatment should be the first and surgical treatment can be further selected if there is no response to drug treatment. Accurately assessing the severity of hemorrhoids and predicting the risk of surgical treatment is key to avoiding ineffective medication.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to develop the hemorrhoids severity and surgical risk prediction (HSSP) score, and evaluated its validity and the value of guiding treatment.

Method

During the period from November 2021 to November 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 6 hospitals including Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. The self-made questionnaire, self-made hemorrhoid symptom questionnaire, Goligher classification, position acute tone external system(PATE), Giordano severity of hemorrhoid symptom questionnaire(GSQ), Chinese version of HEMO-FISS-QoL Questionnaire(HF-QoL-C) were used to investigate the enrolled patients. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen variables and construct the HSSP score. The differences between the surgical treatment group and the drug treatment group and the HSSP score of Goligher gradeⅠtoⅣ were compared. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to assess the fit of the model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of HSSP score predicting surgical risk was drawn, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predictive value of HSSP score. The differences of HF-QoL-C and Goligher classification in patients with different HSSP score groups were compared, and the discriminant validity of HSSP score was evaluated.

Results

A total of 707 questionnaires were distributed, and 491 valid questionnaires were collected, the recovery rate was 69.45%. A total of 491 patients with hemorrhoids were included, dividing 172 cases in the drug treatment group and 319 cases in the surgical treatment group. Six variables were obtained via multivariate Logistic regression analysis, including age, course of disease, frequency of hematochesis, frequency of anal pain, removal of hemorrhoids and the impact of hemorrhoids on daily life to construct the HSSP score. The score of HSSP ranged from 6 to 19.5. The higher the score, the more serious the disease was. Hosmer-Lemeshow test results showed that the model fitted well(χ2=11.193, P=0.191). There were significant differences in HSSP scores between the drug group and the surgical treatment group, and among the Goligher classification(P<0.05). The AUC of HSSP for predicting surgical risk was 0.808 (95%CI= 0.769-0.846), the best cut-off value was 12.25, the sensitivity was 0.78, and the specificity was 0.67. Patients were divided into two groups based on the optimal cut-off value and the HSSP score: HSSP score < 12.5 group and HSSP score ≥ 12.5 group. There were significant differences in the scores of each dimension of HF-QoL-C and Goligher grade between two groups (P<0.05).

Conclusion

HSSP has good validity and the ability to guide treatment. It can evaluate the severity of hemorrhoids and predict the risk of surgical treatment. Patients with hemorrhoids with HSSP score≥12.5 should be advised to take surgical treatment.

Key words: Hemorrhoids, Surgical risk prediction, Hemorrhoids severity, Validity

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