Since the comprehensive promotion of the establishment of public health committees in village (neighborhood) committees (hereinafter referred to as the community public health committees) in 2021, full coverage has basically been achieved across various regions. However, issues such as insufficient personnel allocation, weak professional capabilities, and low efficiency in executing directive tasks remain widespread. The overall level and differential characteristics of their structured capacity are still unclear.

To assess the structed competencies of staff members of public health committees in Chengdu, identify their potential categories, and analyze the main influencing factors, so as to provide a basis for precisely enhancing the capacity of grassroots public health services.

From March to July 2025, a convenience sampling method was used to select staff members from 76 village (neighborhood) public health committees across 8 subdistrict offices in Chengdu. A questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate five dimensions: knowledge reserve, professional skills, practical ability, professional attitude and values, and organizational support and resource guarantee. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to classify staff members' structured competencies, and multivariable Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore influencing factors.

A total of 715 questionnaires were distributed, and 689 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective response rate of 96.4%. LPA identified three potential capacity profiles: the practical ability group (n=206), the comprehensive ability group (n=209), and the knowledge reserve group (n=274). The mean structured competency scores for each profile were (65.5±1.7), (74.6±3.6), and (57.2±1.9), respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, taking the comprehensive ability group as the reference, grid workers were more likely to be classified into the practical ability group (OR=1.84, 95%CI=1.16-2.94) and knowledge reserve group (OR=1.94, 95%CI=1.25-3.01) than personnel in other positions (P<0.05); participants with senior high school education or below had a higher probability of belonging to the knowledge reserve group compared with those holding a bachelor's degree or above (OR=2.24, 95%CI=1.23-4.09, P<0.05); staff working in the fourth-circle areas were less likely to fall into the practical ability group (OR=0.45, 95%CI=0.26-0.79) and knowledge reserve group (OR=0.39, 95%CI=0.23-0.66) relative to those from the first-circle areas (P<0.05).

There are significant group differences in the structured competencies of staff members of public health committees in Chengdu. Type of position, work area, and education level are the main influencing factors. It is recommended to implement regionally differentiated training strategies and carry out position- and education-level stratified empowerment programs to systematically enhance the capacity of grassroots public health services.