中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (27): 3443-3451.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0273

所属专题: 精神卫生最新文章合集 运动相关研究最新文章合集

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

运动对抑郁症的影响及其神经生物学机制研究进展

王少堃1,2, 王世强1,2,*(), 王一杰1,2, 胥祉涵1,2   

  1. 1.412000 湖南省株洲市,湖南工业大学体育学院
    2.412000 湖南省株洲市,体质健康和运动健身湖南省重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-07 修回日期:2022-05-09 出版日期:2022-09-20 发布日期:2022-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 王世强
  • 王少堃,王世强,王一杰,等.运动对抑郁症的影响及其神经生物学机制研究进展[J].中国全科医学,2022,25(27):3443-3451.[www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:王少堃负责文章的构思与设计、研究资料的收集与整理、论文撰写;王世强负责论文修订、文章的质量控制及审校、对文章整体负责,监督管理;王一杰、胥祉涵负责表格的编辑、整理。
  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金特别资助(2020T130489); 第66批中国博士后科学基金面上资助(2019M662736); 体质健康和运动健身湖南省重点实验室开放课题(TZJK-202106)

Research Progress on the Effect of Exercise and Neurobiological Mechanism on Depression

Shaokun WANG1,2, Shiqiang WANG1,2,*(), Yijie WANG1,2, Zhihan XU1,2   

  1. 1. Physical Education College of Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412000, China
    2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Health and Sports Fitness, Zhuzhou 412000, China
  • Received:2022-04-07 Revised:2022-05-09 Published:2022-09-20 Online:2022-06-20
  • Contact: Shiqiang WANG
  • About author:
    WANG S K, WANG S Q, WANG Y J, et al. Research progress on the effect of exercise and neurobiological mechanism on depression [J] . Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (27) : 3443-3451.

摘要: 运动早已被研究证实可有效预防或治疗抑郁症,并已成为许多研究者推荐的抑郁症干预方法,但缺乏对既往有关抑郁症的运动干预方法的研究成果的有效整合,且目前各国仍缺乏统一的临床运动疗法指南。本文系统、全面地探讨了运动对抑郁症的影响,包括运动类型、强度、频率和运动量等因素对不同人群抑郁症的干预效果,并通过梳理相关文献,总结了抑郁症的发生及运动抗抑郁的神经生物学机制。本文表明在抑郁症的运动干预中,有氧运动是最常选用的运动类型,运动强度通常为中等强度到高强度,高频率和高剂量是推荐采用的运动频率和运动量;运动抗抑郁的神经生物学机制主要为其可以改善中枢神经系统组织的形态结构、提高一系列神经营养因子的水平,从而增强神经元可塑性并改善神经分泌系统功能,减少神经炎性反应和氧化性应激对脑组织造成的损伤。本文能够为我国抑郁症临床运动处方的制订和实施提供一定的参考,并为运动抗抑郁研究的深入开展提供借鉴。

关键词: 抑郁症, 运动, 神经元可塑性, 神经分泌系统, 炎症, 氧化性应激, 综述

Abstract:

Exercise has been confirmed by most studies to be effective in preventing and treating depression, and has become a recommended treatment by many researchers. However, previous research results on exercise interventions for depression have not been effectively integrated, and there is still a lack of uniform clinical exercise therapy guidelines across countries. In this paper, we systematically and comprehensively discussed the effects of exercise on depression, including the effects of exercise types, intensities, frequencies, and amounts of exercise on the efficacy of depression interventions in different populations, and summarized the neurobiological mechanisms involved in the development of depression as well as the antidepressant effects of exercise by sorting out relevant literature. This paper shows that in exercise interventions for depression, aerobic exercise is the most frequently chosen type of exercise, the intensity of which is usually moderate to high intensity, and the frequency and amount of exercise are recommended at high frequency and dosage. The neurobiological mechanisms of exercise resistance to depression are mainly that exercise can improve the morphological structure of central nervous system tissue, increase the levels of a series of neurotrophic factors, thereby enhancing neuronal plasticity, and improve the function of the neurosecretory system, reducing damage to brain tissue caused by neuroinflammatory responses and oxidative stress. This paper can provide a certain reference for the development and implementation of clinical exercise prescription for depression in China, and draw on the in-depth development of exercise antidepressant research.

Key words: Depressive disorder, Exercise, Neuronal plasticity, Neurosecretory systems, Inflammation, Oxidative stress, Review