中国全科医学 ›› 2022, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (15): 1838-1844.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.02.017

所属专题: 社区卫生服务最新研究合集 神经系统疾病最新文章合集

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

日均气温对社区居民脑卒中死亡影响的时间序列研究

陈亦晨1,2, 陈华2, 曲晓滨2, 孙良红2, 陈涵一2, 李小攀2, 彭丽3, 徐望红1,*(), 周弋2,*()   

  1. 1. 200093 上海市,复旦大学公共卫生学院
    2. 200136 上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心 复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院
    3. 200030 上海市长三角环境气象预报预警中心健康气象科 上海市气象与健康重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-27 修回日期:2022-01-20 出版日期:2022-01-27 发布日期:2022-04-07
  • 通讯作者: 徐望红, 周弋
  • 陈亦晨,陈华,曲晓滨,等.日均气温对社区居民脑卒中死亡影响的时间序列研究[J].中国全科医学,2022,25 (15):1838-1844. [www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:陈亦晨撰写论文并对全文负责;陈华提供了文章的构思并参与研究设计;曲晓滨、孙良红、陈涵一负责数据整理与质控;李小攀完成统计学处理,绘制图表,负责论文结果的可视化呈现;彭丽负责结果分析与解释;徐望红为本文的撰写提供指导,并对论文进行审校与修订;周弋负责质量控制及监督管理。
  • 基金资助:
    上海市公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2020—2022年)优秀青年人才培养计划(GWV-10.2-YQ43); 上海市公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2020—2022年)优秀学科带头人项目(GWV-10.2-XD24); 浦东新区科技发展基金事业单位民生科研专项(PKJ2021-Y73); 浦东新区疾病预防控制中心卫生科技项目(PDCDC-2021-06)

Impact of Average Daily Temperature on Stroke Mortality in Community: a Time-series Analysis

Yichen CHEN1,2, Hua CHEN2, Xiaobin QU2, Lianghong SUN2, Hanyi CHEN2, Xiaopan LI2, Li PENG3, Wanghong XU1,*(), Yi ZHOU2,*()   

  1. 1. Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai 200093, China
    2. Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200136, China
    3. Department of Health and Meteorology, Yangtze River Delta Center for Environmental Meteorology Prediction and Warning /Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai 200030, China
  • Received:2021-10-27 Revised:2022-01-20 Published:2022-01-27 Online:2022-04-07
  • Contact: Wanghong XU, Yi ZHOU
  • About author:
    CHEN Y C, CHEN H, QU X B, et al. Impact of average daily temperature on stroke mortality in community: a time-series analysis[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25 (15) : 1838-1844.

摘要: 背景 全球气候变化导致极端天气事件频发,气温对居民脑卒中死亡的影响正愈发受到关注。 目的 分析日均气温对浦东新区居民脑卒中死亡的影响。 方法 收集2005—2019年浦东新区居民脑卒中死亡资料(包括出血性脑卒中和缺血性脑卒中死亡资料)、气象资料(包括气温、相对湿度、大气压)及大气污染物资料〔包括大气颗粒物(PM10)、二氧化硫(SO2)与二氧化氮(NO2)〕。利用分布滞后非线性模型分析日均气温对浦东新区居民脑卒中的影响以及效应的累积性与滞后性。根据年龄及受教育水平开展分层分析,探究敏感人群。 结果 2005—2019年,浦东新区累计报告居民脑卒中死亡30 337人,其中出血性脑卒中与缺血性脑卒中死亡分别为11 221、15 308人,分别占脑卒中死亡总数的36.99%、50.46%。研究期间浦东新区居民每日脑卒中死亡5.54人,出血性脑卒中与缺血性脑卒中死亡分别为2.05、2.79人;气温、相对湿度、大气压的日均值分别为17.25 ℃、73.75%、1 015.83 hPa,PM10、SO2、NO2浓度日均值分别为68.87、28.82、44.68 μg/m3。浦东新区以日均温度的中位数(P50=18.2 ℃)为参照,低温(P5=3.0 ℃)对脑卒中与出血性脑卒中的效应在滞后0~14 d(Lag 0~14 d)达到最大〔脑卒中:相对危险度(RR)=1.34,95%CI(1.15,1.56);出血性脑卒中:RR=1.61,95%CI(1.25,2.08)〕,低温的影响表现出明显的累积性与滞后性,缺血性脑卒中对低温的影响不敏感;高温(P95=30.1 ℃)对脑卒中与缺血性脑卒中的效应在Lag 0~1 d达到最大〔脑卒中:RR=1.26,95%CI(1.12,1.41);缺血性脑卒中:RR=1.64,95%CI(1.39,1.93)〕,高温作用较为短促,出血性脑卒中对高温的影响不敏感。分层分析结果显示,低温对<75岁人群脑卒中死亡效应不具有统计学意义,对≥75岁人群脑卒中死亡效应在Lag 0~14 d达到最大;低温对小学及以下、中学及以上文化水平人群脑卒中死亡效应分别在Lag 0~21 d、Lag 0~14 d达到最大。高温对<75岁、中学及以上人群脑卒中死亡效应不具有统计学意义,对≥75岁、小学及以下人群脑卒中死亡效应均在Lag 0~1 d达到最大。在Lag 0~3 d,高温对小学及以下文化水平人群脑卒中死亡效应高于中学及以上文化水平人群(P<0.05)。 结论 低温与高温均导致浦东新区居民脑卒中死亡风险上升,低温与高温分别增加居民出血性脑卒中与缺血性脑卒中死亡风险,而小学及以下文化水平人群在高温环境下更易发生脑卒中死亡。

关键词: 卒中, 出血性卒中, 缺血性卒中, 日均气温, 死亡, 分布滞后非线性模型, 年龄因素, 教育程度

Abstract:

Background

With the increasing frequency of extreme weather events due to global climate change, the impact of air temperature on stroke deaths is gaining increasing attention.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of average daily temperature on stroke mortality in Pudong New Area.

Methods

Data were collected from Pudong New Area from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2019, including deaths due to stroke (hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke) , meteorological information (air temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure) , atmospheric pollutants 〔particulate matter 10 (PM10) , sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) 〕. We used a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) to evaluate the impact of average daily air temperature on stroke mortality, and assess the lagged and cumulative effects. Age- and education attainment-specific analyses were performed to identify the susceptible groups.

Results

During the period, a total number of 30 337 deaths from stroke were reported in Pudong New Area of Shanghai, and the deaths due to hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke numbered 11 221 (36.99%) and 15 308 (50.46%) , respectively. The average daily deaths from stroke, hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke were 5.54, 2.05 and 2.79, respectively. The average daily temperature, relative humidity and air pressure in Pudong New Area were 17.25 ℃, 73.75%, and 1 015.83 hPa, respectively. The average daily concentrations of PM10, SO2 and NO2 were 68.87 μg/m3, 28.82 μg/m3, and 44.68 μg/m3, respectively. Using the average median daily temperature (P50=18.2 ℃) as a reference, the strongest cumulative effects of low temperature (P5=3.0℃) were observed within 0-14 days lagged (Lag 0-14) for stroke mortality〔RR=1.34, 95%CI (1.15, 1.56) 〕 and hemorrhagic stroke mortality〔RR=1.61, 95%CI (1.25, 2.08) 〕. The impact of low temperature on stroke mortality and hemorrhagic stroke mortality was significantly lagged and cumulated, but its impact on ischemic stroke mortality was not significant. The strongest cumulative effects of high temperature (P95=30.1 ℃) on stroke mortality 〔RR=1.26, 95%CI (1.12, 1.41) 〕 and ischemic stroke 〔RR=1.64, 95%CI (1.39, 1.93) 〕 were observed within 0-1 day lagged (Lag 0-1) . High temperature imposed an acute effect on stroke mortality and ischemic stroke mortality, but produced insignificant effect on hemorrhagic stroke mortality. No significant impact of low temperature was observed on stroke mortality in population < 75 years old, but the impact on stroke mortality in population≥ 75 years old was strongest within Lag 0-14 d. The strongest impacts of low temperature on stroke mortality in population with primary education or below, and in population with secondary education or above were observed within Lag 0-21 d and Lag 0-14 d, respectively. No significant impact of high temperature was observed on stroke mortality in population < 75 years old and population with secondary education and above, but the impact was the strongest on stroke mortality in population ≥ 75 years old and the population with primary education or below within Lag 0-1 d. The impact of high temperature on stroke mortality in population with primary education or below was significantly higher than that in population with secondary education and above within Lag 0-3 d (P<0.05) .

Conclusion

Both low and high temperatures were associated with the stroke mortality risk in Pudong New Area. Low temperature increased the risk of death from hemorrhagic stroke, while high temperature increased the risk of death from ischemic stroke. People with primary education or below were more likely to die from strokes in hot environments.

Key words: Stroke, Hemorrhagic stroke, Ischemic stroke, Daily average temperature, Death, Distributed lag non-linear model, Age factors, Educational status