中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (03): 343-347.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0088

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

具有双通道通气和恒定泄气量功能的新型无创正压通气面罩治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并CO2潴留患者的临床效果研究

黄桃1,2, 罗娜1, 罗松1, 徐钦3,*()   

  1. 1.400016 重庆市,重庆医科大学附属第一医院重症医学科
    2.400016 重庆市,重庆医科大学医学数据研究院
    3.400010 重庆市,重庆医科大学附属第二医院全科医学科
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-10 修回日期:2022-04-25 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2022-06-05
  • 通讯作者: 徐钦
  • 黄桃,罗娜,罗松,等.具有双通道通气和恒定泄气量功能的新型无创正压通气面罩治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并CO2潴留患者的临床效果研究[J].中国全科医学,2023,26(3):343-347,355.[www.chinagp.net]
    作者贡献:黄桃负责面罩发明设计、试制、临床试验、数据收集及论文撰写,对文章整体负责;罗娜负责面罩临床试验及数据采集;罗松负责面罩临床试验的数据采集、清洗和统计学分析;徐钦提出面罩研究思路,设计研究方案和临床试验质量控制。
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(2022MSXM032); 2021年重庆医科大学智慧医学研究项目(ZHYX202107); 重庆医科大学附属第一医院管理科研基金项目(GLJJ2021-01)

Clinical Application of a Novel Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation Face Mask with Two Channels and Constant Leakage for Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Carbon Dioxide Retention

HUANG Tao1,2, LUO Na1, LUO Song1, XU Qin3,*()   

  1. 1.ICU, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
    2.Medical Data Science Academy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
    3.Department of General Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
  • Received:2022-03-10 Revised:2022-04-25 Published:2023-01-20 Online:2022-06-05
  • Contact: XU Qin
  • About author:
    HUANG T, LUO N, LUO S, et al. Clinical application of a novel noninvasive positive pressure ventilation face mask with two channels and constant leakage for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and carbon dioxide retention [J] . Chinese General Practice, 2023, 26 (3) : 343-347, 355.

摘要: 背景 无创正压通气(NPPV)是治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)合并CO2潴留患者的重要呼吸支持技术。但现有NPPV面罩内存在明显无效腔效应,容易导致CO2重复呼吸而影响患者CO2潴留的纠正。 目的 研发一种具有双通道通气和恒定泄气量功能的NPPV面罩(即TCCL面罩),并探讨其在NPPV治疗AECOPD合并CO2潴留患者中的价值。 方法 选择重庆医科大学附属第一医院重症医学科2020—2021年收治的30例AECOPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭行NPPV治疗的患者为研究对象。根据不同的NPPV面罩类型随机分为试验组(n=15)和对照组(n=15)。试验组采用TCCL面罩;对照组采用传统NPPV面罩和侧孔型呼气阀的组合。监测两组NPPV治疗0 h、4 h、8 h、24 h、48 h及停止NPPV 24 h的动脉血氧分压(PaO2)和二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)水平。 结果 两因素重复测量方差分析结果可见,时间和组间对PaO2、PaCO2不存在交互作用(P>0.05),时间对PaO2、PaCO2主效应显著(P<0.001),组间对PaO2主效应不显著(F组间=0.153,P组间=0.699),组间对PaCO2主效应显著(F组间=5.129,P组间=0.031)。两组治疗0 h的PaO2水平均低于治疗4 h、8 h、24 h、48 h及停止NPPV 24 h(P<0.05);两组治疗4 h的PaO2水平均低于治疗8 h、24 h、48 h及停止NPPV 24 h(P<0.05);两组治疗8 h的PaO2水平均低于治疗48 h及停止NPPV 24 h(P<0.05);对照组治疗24 h的PaO2水平低于治疗48 h(P<0.05);试验组治疗24 h的PaO2水平低于治疗48 h及停止NPPV 24 h(P<0.05);相同时间点两组间PaO2水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。试验组治疗4 h、8 h、24 h的PaCO2水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗0 h时PaCO2水平高于治疗4 h、8 h、24 h、48 h及停止NPPV 24 h(P<0.05),两组治疗4 h时PaCO2水平高于治疗8 h、24 h、48 h及停止NPPV 24 h(P<0.05),两组治疗8 h的PaCO2水平高于治疗24 h、48 h及停止NPPV 24 h(P<0.05)。对照组治疗24 h时PaCO2水平高于治疗48 h及停止NPPV 24 h(P<0.05),试验组治疗24 h、48 h时PaCO2水平高于治疗停止NPPV 24 h(P<0.05)。 结论 TCCL面罩有助于快速纠正AECOPD患者的CO2潴留,并能有效改善其血氧水平。

关键词: 肺疾病, 慢性阻塞性, 肺疾病, 呼吸衰竭, 面罩, 血气分析, 正压呼吸, 专利, 治疗结果, 无创正压通气

Abstract:

Background

Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) is a major respiratory support technique for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and carbon dioxide (CO2) retention. However, the obvious dead space in available masks used for NPPV could easily lead to repeated CO2 inhalation, which affects the correction of CO2 retention.

Objective

To develop a face mask with two channel and constant leakage (TCCL) used for NPPV, and to examine its value in NPPV treatment of AECOPD patients with CO2 retention.

Methods

Thirty patients with AECOPD and typeⅡ respiratory failure treated with NPPV were recruited from the ICU, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2020 to 2021, and equally randomized into an experimental group (using the TCCL mask) and an control group (using the traditional mask with an exhalation valve on the side for NPPV) . Treatment effectiveness was assessed using arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) monitored at baseline, and at the end of 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours of NPPV treatment as well as 24 hours after NPPV cessation.

Results

The two-way repeated measures ANOVA indicated that treatment time and treatment approach had no interactive effects on PaO2 (P>0.05) . Treatment time produced significant main effects on PaO2 (P<0.001) , while treatment approach did not (F=0.153, P=0.699) . In both groups, the level of PaO2 at baseline was lower than that at the end of 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours of NPPV treatment and 24 hours after NPPV cessation (P<0.05) ; the level of PaO2 at the end of 4 hours of treatment was lower than that measured at the subsequent four time points (P<0.05) ; the PaO2 level at the end of 8 hours of treatment was lower than that at 48 hours of treatment and 24 hours after NPPV cessation (P<0.05) . The PaO2 level at 24 hours of treatment was lower than that at 48 hours of treatment in the control group (P<0.05) . The PaO2 level at 24 hours of treatment was lower than that at 48 hours of treatment and 24 hours after NPPV cessation in the experimental group (P<0.05) . But there was no significant difference in PaO2 level measured at each time point between the groups (P>0.05) . Treatment time and treatment approach had no interactive effects on PaCO2 (P>0.05) . Treatment time produced significant main effect on PaCO2 (P<0.001) , treatment approach also exerted obvious effect on it (F=5.129, P=0.031) . Compared with the control group, the experimental group demonstrated lower PaCO2 levels at the end of 4, 8 and 24 hours of treatment (P<0.05) . In both groups, the PaCO2 level at baseline was higher than that at the end of 4, 8, 24, and 48 hours after NPPV treatment and 24 hours after NPPV cessation (P<0.05) . The PaCO2 level at the end of 4 hours of treatment was higher than that measured at the subsequent four time points (P<0.05) . The PaCO2 level at the end of 8 hours of treatment was higher than that measured at the subsequent three time points (P<0.05) . The PaCO2 level of the control group at 24 hours of treatment was higher than that at 48 hours of treatment and 24 hours after NPPV cessation (P<0.05) . The PaCO2 level in the experimental group at 24 or 48 hours of treatment was higher than that at 24 hours after NPPV cessation.

Conclusion

TCCL mask may contribute to rapid correction of CO2 retention and effective improvement of oxygenation in AECOPD patients.

Key words: Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, Lung diseases, Respiratory failure, Mask, Blood gas analysis, Positive-pressure respiration, Patent, Treatment outcome, Noninvasive positive pressure