中国全科医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (33): 4261-4267.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.487

所属专题: 内分泌代谢性疾病最新文章合集 泌尿系统疾病最新文章合集

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

2型糖尿病患者发生糖尿病肾脏疾病危险因素的系统评价

方凤贞1*,李壮苗2,陈婷玉1   

  1. 1.350101福建省福州市,福建卫生职业技术学院 2.350122福建省福州市,福建中医药大学
    *通信作者:方凤贞,讲师;E-mail:924032359@qq.com
  • 出版日期:2021-11-20 发布日期:2021-11-20
  • 基金资助:
    2019年(福建)省卫生健康青年科研课题资助计划(2019-1-78)

Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease:a Systematic Review 

FANG Fengzhen1*,LI Zhuangmiao2,CHEN Tingyu1   

  1. 1.Fujian Health College,Fuzhou 350101,China
    2.Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou 350122,China
    *Corresponding author:FANG Fengzhen,Lecturer;E-mail:924032359@qq.com
  • Published:2021-11-20 Online:2021-11-20

摘要: 背景 近年来糖尿病肾脏疾病(DKD)逐渐成为全球性的健康焦点,早期评估、干预相关危险因素可以预防或延缓DKD的发生。目的 系统评价2型糖尿病患者发生DKD的危险因素。方法 计算机检索the Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)、中国知网(CNKI)、维普网(VIP)及万方数据知识服务平台(Wanfang Data),筛选2型糖尿病患者发生DKD危险因素的队列研究、病例对照研究,检索时限从建库至2020年4月。由两名研究员独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入文献的偏倚风险,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入12篇文献,包括3项队列研究,9项病例对照研究。Meta分析结果显示,高龄〔标准化均数差(SMD)=0.34,95%CI(0.23,0.46)〕、男性〔比值比(OR)=1.51,95%CI(1.20,1.90)〕、吸烟〔OR=1.64,95%CI(1.30,2.07)〕、高血压〔OR=2.01,95%CI(1.73,2.34)〕、收缩压升高〔SMD=0.37,95%CI(0.12,0.63)〕、糖化血红蛋白水平升高〔SMD=0.41,95%CI(0.02,0.80)〕、总胆固醇水平升高〔SMD=0.14,95%CI(0.06,0.22)〕、血肌酐水平升高〔SMD=0.73,95%CI(0.39,1.07)〕、维生素D缺乏〔OR=4.06,95%CI(2.11,7.78)〕、非酒精性脂肪性肝病〔OR=2.15,95%CI(1.39,3.32)〕、合并视网膜病变〔OR=2.16,95%CI(1.55,3.01)〕及胰岛素治疗〔OR=2.63,95%CI(1.79,3.85)〕是2型糖尿病患者发生DKD的危险因素(P<0.05)。糖尿病病程延长〔SMD=-0.44,95%CI(-0.54,-0.34)〕、HDL-C水平升高〔SMD=-0.20,95%CI(-0.30,-0.10)〕是2型糖尿病患者发生DKD的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 男性、高龄、吸烟、合并视网膜病变、高血压、非酒精性脂肪性肝病、躯体因素(升高的总胆固醇、收缩压、糖化血红蛋白、血肌酐,维生素D缺乏)及胰岛素治疗是2型糖尿病患者发生DKD的危险因素,但受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,尚待更多大样本、高质量的研究进一步验证。

关键词: 糖尿病, 2型;糖尿病肾病;危险因素;系统评价

Abstract: Background Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has gradually become a noticeable global issue in recent years. As proved,early assessment and intervention of risk factors can prevent or delay the development of DKD. Objective To systematically review the risk factors of type 2 DKD. Methods The databases of the Cochrane Library,PubMed,Web of Science,SinoMed,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang Data were electronically searched for cohort studies and case-control studies on the risk factors related to type 2 DKD. The retrieval time was from the inception to April 2020. Two researchers screened literature,extracted data,and evaluated the bias risk of the eligible studies separately. RevMan 5.3 was used for Meta-analysis. Results In all, three cohort studies and nine case-control studies were included. Meta-analysis showed that older age〔SMD=0.34,95%CI (0.23, 0.46)〕,male〔OR=1.51, 95%CI (1.20, 1.90)〕,smoking〔OR=1.64, 95%CI (1.30, 2.07)〕,hypertension〔OR=2.01, 95%CI (1.73, 2.34)〕,elevated systolic blood pressure〔SMD=0.37,95%CI (0.12,0.63)〕,elevated glycosylated hemoglobin 〔SMD=0.41,95%CI (0.02,0.80)〕,elevated total cholesterol〔SMD=0.14,95%CI (0.06,0.22)〕,elevated serum creatinine〔SMD=0.73,95%CI (0.39,1.07)〕,vitamin D deficiency〔OR=4.06,95%CI (2.11,7.78)〕,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease〔OR=3.53,95%CI (1.61,7.74)〕,associated retinopathy〔OR=2.16,95%CI (1.55,3.01)〕,and insulin therapy〔OR=2.63, 95%CI (1.79,3.85)〕 were associated with increased risk of type 2 DKD(P<0.05). The prolonged duration of type 2 diabetes〔SMD=-0.44, 95%CI(-0.54, -0.34)〕 and elevated HDL-C〔SMD=-0.20, 95%CI (-0.30, -0.10)〕 were associated with reduced risk of type 2 DKD(P<0.05). Conclusion Male,older age,smoking,diabetic retinopathy,hypertension,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,abnormal somatic factors(including elevated total cholesterol,systolic blood pressure,glycosylated hemoglobin,serum creatinine,as well as vitamin D deficiency) and insulin therapy are risk factors for type 2 DKD,which need to be verified by more high-quality large-sample studies due to limited quality and quantity of included studies.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2;Diabetic nephropathies;Risk factor;Systematic review