中国全科医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (22): 2785-2792.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.240

所属专题: 老年问题最新文章合集

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国老年流动人口常见病症患病及就诊情况的影响因素研究

霍添琪 1,闫晓2,郭峻3,郭清芳4,肖革新1*   

  1. 1.100044北京市,国家卫生健康委医院管理研究所  2.100191北京市,国家卫生健康委流动人口服务中心  3.300457天津市,天津科技大学 省部共建食品营养与安全国家重点实验室  4.100037北京市,中国医学科学院阜外医院
    *通信作者:肖革新,教授,硕士生导师;E-mail:biocomputer@126.com
  • 出版日期:2021-08-05 发布日期:2021-08-05

Prevalence and Healthcare-Seeking for Common Diseases and Associated Factors in Elderly Migrants in China 

HUO Tianqi1,YAN Xiao2,GUO Jun3,GUO Qingfang4,XIAO Gexin1*   

  1. 1.National Institute of Hospital Administration,National Health Commission,Beijing 100044,China
    2.Migrant Population Service Center,National Health Commission,Beijing 100191,China
    3.Tianjin University of Science & Technology/State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety,Tianjin 300457,China
    4.Fuwai Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100037,China
    *Corresponding author:XIAO Gexin,Professor,Master supervisor;E-mail:biocomputer@126.com
  • Published:2021-08-05 Online:2021-08-05

摘要: 背景 随着我国老年流动人口数量的不断增加,该群体面临的健康和就诊问题成为建设健康中国的重要内容和关注热点。目的 了解我国老年流动人口的常见病症患病情况、就诊情况及影响因素。方法 使用2017年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,以6 478名60岁及以上的老年流动人口为研究对象,收集老年流动人口个人及家庭特征、流动特征、公共服务利用情况、个人健康状况4个方面变量。采用二元Logistic回归模型分析老年流动人口常见病症患病及就医行为选择的影响因素。结果 6 478个有效样本中,健康自评结果显示,“健康”和“基本健康”的老年流动人口5 264人(81.2%),而实际患有高血压和/或糖尿病的比例为35.0%(2 270/6 478)。4 112人(63.5%)表示在1年之内出现过常见病症的症状,其中,仅有1 624人(39.5%)去医院就诊。Logistic回归分析结果显示,受教育程度、同住家庭成员数、流动范围、流入地区、参加健康教育情况、参加医疗保险情况、自评健康情况及慢性病患病情况是老年流动人口是否患有常见病症的影响因素(P<0.05);年龄、受教育程度、户口性质、流入地区、参加健康教育情况及自评健康情况是老年流动人口常见病症就诊情况的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 老年流动人口对自身健康的评价偏高,而就医主动性整体较差。老年流动人口常见病症的患病率和就诊情况受多维度因素影响。建议重点加强老年流动人口的健康教育力度,优化异地就医政策,关注老年流动人口医疗服务需求与利用情况,有效改善老年流动人口健康水平。

关键词: 老年人, 流动人口, 就诊, 患病, 常见病症, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Background As an important task for building a "Healthy China",the health issues and health-care seeking in an increasing number of elderly migrants,have become a key concern. Objective To examine the prevalence and healthcare-seeking for common diseases and associated factors in elderly migrants in China. Methods Data stemmed from the results of 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey,involving 6 478 cases aged 60 or over. Four variables including personal and family characteristics,mobility characteristics,utilization of public services and personal health status were collected. The binary Logistic regression model was used to explore factors associated with prevalence and healthcare-seeking behaviors for common diseases in the participants. Results Among the participants,5 264(81.2%) rated their health status as "healthy" and "basically healthy",but in reality,the prevalence of hypertension,diabetes,plus hypertension with diabetes in them was 35.0%(2 270/6 478). 4 112 (63.5%)cases reported that they had experienced symptoms of common diseases,but only 1 624(39.5%) of them had seen a doctor. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the prevalence of a common disease in the participants was associated with education level,number of family members living together,geographical scope of migration,inflow area,status of health education participation,medical insurance coverage,self-rated health and prevalence of chronic diseases(P<0.05). And health-seeking behavior for a common disease was associated with age,education level,urban or rural hukou,inflow area,status of health education participation and self-rated health(P<0.05). Conclusion These elderly migrants overrated their health status to a certain extent,and had a low rate of actively seeking healthcare for a common disease. The prevalence and healthcare-seeking for common diseases in them were found to be associated with multi-dimensional factors. To effectively improve their health status,it is suggested to make more efforts to health education promotion,and optimize the policies for inter-regional on-the-spot settlement of medical bills for this group,with a focus on their needs and utilization of medical services.

Key words: Aged, Migrants, Health-seeking behavior, Prevalence, Common diseases, Root cause analysis