中国全科医学 ›› 2019, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (7): 860-864.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.07.022

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

无锡市主城区居民吸烟与心理行为特征的关系研究

冯为,姚建军,李世明,吴越,周德祥,张紫娟,杨雀屏*   

  1. 214151江苏省无锡市,南京医科大学附属无锡市精神卫生中心社会防治办公室
    *通信作者:杨雀屏,主任医师;E-mail:wuximhc6635@163.com
  • 出版日期:2019-03-05 发布日期:2019-03-05
  • 基金资助:
    基金项目:无锡市卫生局重大项目基金项目(Z201303)

Relationship between Smoking and Mental Health Related Behaviors among Residents in the Main Urban Areas of Wuxi 

FENG Wei,YAO Jianjun,LI Shiming,WU Yue,ZHOU Dexiang,ZHANG Zijuan,YANG Queping*   

  1. Department of Social Prevention and Control,the Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center with Nanjing Medical University,Wuxi 214151,China
    *Corresponding author:YANG Queping,Chief physician;E-mail:wuximhc6635@163.com
  • Published:2019-03-05 Online:2019-03-05

摘要: 背景 心理状况与吸烟有一定联系,心理问题可能是启动吸烟行为的危险因素。目的 探讨吸烟与心理行为特征的关系,为相关部门更好地制定控烟措施提供参考。方法 采用多阶段抽样法,抽取无锡市主城区年龄18岁及以上的居民2 498例作为调查对象。于2013年12月—2014年6月,采用自行设计的基本情况调查问卷、12项一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)调查居民的基本情况、吸烟情况、心理状况。共发放问卷2 498份,回收有效问卷2 396份,问卷的有效回收率为95.92%。结果 2 396例居民中,吸烟者600例,占25.04%。不同性别、年龄、户籍性质、婚姻状况、职业性质、饮酒情况、主动获取健康知识情况、心理状况的居民吸烟率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,性别、年龄、婚姻状况、职业性质、饮酒情况、心理状况是居民吸烟的影响因素(P<0.05)。对是否觉得自己有决断力、是否处于紧张状态、能否解决问题、是否享受生活、能否面临问题、是否感到痛苦忧虑、是否感到没有价值的认知不同的居民吸烟率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 无锡市主城区居民吸烟率较高,心理状况是居民吸烟的影响因素。在针对全人群和重点人群的吸烟行为危险因素制定综合干预措施时,应考虑心理行为问题的影响,加强宣传教育,提高居民对早期心理问题的识别与治疗,以便更好地控制吸烟行为。

关键词: 吸烟, 精神卫生, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Background Psychological status is associated with smoking.Psychological problems may be a risk factor for initiating smoking behavior.Objective To investigate the relationship between smoking and mental health related behaviors in residents,providing evidence for formulating tobacco control measures.Methods By multiphase sampling,we enrolled 2 498 adult residents(aged ≥ 18) from the main urban areas of Wuxi,Jiangsu Province.From December 2013 to June 2014,we conducted a survey in them using a self-developed Socioeconomic Questionnaire and the Chinese version of 12-item General Health Questionnaire to collect the socioeconomic characteristics,prevalence of smoking and psychological status.The survey achieved a response rate of 95.92%(2 396/2 498).Results The overall prevalence of smoking among the respondents was 25.04%(600/2 396).The prevalence of smoking varied significantly by sex,age,hukou status,marital status,occupational status,alcohol consumption,active access to health knowledge and mental health status in the respondents(P<0.05).Moreover,it also changed obviously according to self-perceived level of making decision,self-perceived mental stress,self-perceived problem-solving ability,self-perceived enjoyment of life,self-perceived challenges,feeling pain or anxiety and low personal value (P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that sex,age,marital status,occupational status,alcohol consumption and mental health status were factors associated with the prevalence of smoking (P<0.05).Conclusion Smoking is relatively common in residents in the main urban areas of Wuxi,which is influenced by mental health status.In order to increase the level of self-perception of mental health problems and to achieve more successful smoking control,targeted interventions such as intensive propaganda and public education of smoking control and so on should be delivered in a comprehensive way based on the conditions involving mental health related behaviors in all populations,especially the susceptible populations.

Key words: Smoking, Mental health, Root cause analysis