中国全科医学 ›› 2020, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (11): 1406-1410.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2019.00.512

所属专题: 心理健康最新文章合集

• 专题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

全面二孩政策背景下安徽省中小城市30岁及以上二孩孕妇的生育意愿与心理健康状况研究

卢雪蕾1,姜春晓1,王苓1,吴华兵1,牛庆山1,张驰1,钟琦1,黄芬1,2*   

  1. 1.230032安徽省合肥市,安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系 2.230032安徽省合肥市,安徽医科大学公共卫生与预防医学实验教学中心
    *通信作者:黄芬,教授;E-mail:fenh@ahmu.edu.cn
  • 出版日期:2020-04-15 发布日期:2020-04-15
  • 基金资助:
    基金项目:中国社会性别研究与倡导基金(LOA-CHN-2017-002)

Second-birth Intentions and Mental Health among Women Aged at Least 30 in Their Second Pregnancies during the Implementation of the Universal Two-child Policy in China:a Survey in Small- and Medium-sized Cities of Anhui Province 

LU Xuelei1,JIANG Chunxiao1,WANG Ling1,WU Huabing1,NIU Qingshan1,ZHANG Chi1,ZHONG Qi1,HUANG Fen1,2*   

  1. 1.Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China
    2.Public Health and Preventive Medicine Experimental Teaching Center,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China
    *Corresponding author:HUANG Fen,Professor;E-mail:fenh@ahmu.edu.cn
  • Published:2020-04-15 Online:2020-04-15

摘要: 背景 随着全面二孩政策实施,育龄妇女生育意愿受到全社会的关注,但对于超过最佳生育年龄的孕妇的生育意愿和心理健康状况的影响因素的研究却鲜见报道。目的 了解安徽省中小城市30岁及以上二孩孕妇的生育意愿和心理健康状况,为二孩政策的实施及配套政策的完善提供参考。方法 2018年4—8月采用多阶段整群抽样法,随机选取安徽省中小城市中的铜陵市、淮南市、六安市作为研究地点,选择在妇幼保健院建立妊娠期保健卡的30岁及以上的二孩孕妇作为研究对象。收集其一般人口学资料、生育意愿及生育相关特征、总体幸福感量表(GWBS)评分。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析生育意愿、心理健康状况的影响因素。结果 共发放问卷647份,回收有效问卷618份,有效回收率为95.5%。不同年龄、身体健康状况、理想生育子女数目、周围人群生育情况、生育决定权、二孩性别期待的孕妇生育意愿比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、周围人群生育状况、生育决定权、二孩性别期待是孕妇生育意愿的影响因素(P<0.05)。不愿意生育孕妇的精力、对生活的满足和兴趣、忧郁或愉快的心境、对情感和行为的控制、松弛与紧张得分、GWBS总分低于愿意生育的孕妇(P<0.05)。不同GWBS评分孕妇身体健康状况、生育意愿、生育决定权和生育政策知晓情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,身体健康状况、生育意愿、生育决定权是GWBS评分的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 安徽省中小城市30岁及以上二孩孕妇总体生育意愿较强,孕妇心理健康状况主要受生育意愿影响。相关部门应采取综合性措施,以应对政策变化带来的挑战。

关键词: 心理卫生, 二孩政策, 生育意愿, 心理健康, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Background The implementation of the universal two-child policy raises concerns in the whole society about second-birth intentions among women of childbearing age.However,research on associated factors of second-birth intention and mental health among women beyond the optimal age for childbearing is rarely reported.Objective To explore second-birth intentions and mental health among women aged at least 30 in their second pregnancies from small and medium-sized cities in Anhui Province,providing a reference for further implementation of the universal two-child policy and the improvement of relevant supporting policies.Methods This study was conducted from April to August 2018.By use of multistage cluster and random sampling,women aged at least 30 in their second pregnancies who had established antenatal healthcare record card in maternal and child health hospitals in three small and medium-sized cities(Tongling,Huainan and Lu'an),Anhui Province,were chosen at random.General demographic data,second-birth intention,fertility-related characteristics,and score of the General Well-being Schedule(GWBS)were collected.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of second-birth intention and mental health status.Results Of the 647 women,618 of them answered the questions with a effective response rate of 95.5%.Second-birth intentions among the participants changed significantly according to age,physical health,ideal number of children,fertility status of the surrounding populations,decision-maker for having the child,and expected sex of the second child(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,fertility status of the surrounding populations,decision-maker for having the child and expected sex of the second child were the main factors affecting second-birth intention(P<0.05).The mean scores of vitality,positive well-being,melancholy or pleasant mood,control over emotion and behavior,relaxation and stress scores,and mean total GWBS score in women who were unwilling to have a second child were lower than those of women who were willing to have(P<0.05).Different physical health status,second-birth intention,fertility decision-making power and awareness of fertility policies resulted in the differences in total GWBS score(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that physical health,second-birth intention,and decision-maker for having the child were the influencing factors of GWBS score(P<0.05).Conclusion The second-birth intention level is high among women aged at least 30 in their second pregnancies in small and medium-sized cities in Anhui Province.The women's mental health is mainly affected by second-birth intention level.Relevant departments should take comprehensive measures to address the challenges posed by policy changes.

Key words: Mental hygiene, Two-child policy, Fertility intention, Mental health, Root cause analysis