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2023年3月   第26卷   第8期                                 http: //www.chinagp.net   E-mail: zgqkyx@chinagp.net.cn  ·933·

                                                                                                 ·论著·


           不明原因发育迟缓 / 精神发育迟缓儿童

           基因检测结果研究

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           王静,刘芸 ,黄浩宇,吴金庭,刘春明,张杨萍,王文娟                                                          查看原文

               【摘要】 背景 发育迟缓(DD)/ 精神发育迟缓(MR)病因复杂,临床表现多样、异质性强,该类患儿的早
           期精准诊断十分困难,目前国内鲜有大样本分析该类患儿的临床资料及基因检测结果。目的 分析 DD/MR 患儿基因
           检测结果,为 DD/MR 患儿确定遗传学诊断、制订治疗方案和判断预后提供依据。方法 选取 2017 年 9 月至 2021 年
           9 月于昆明市儿童医院康复科就诊的致病原因尚不明确的 93 例 DD/MR 患儿为研究对象,对患儿进行全外显子组测序
           (WES)和拷贝数变异(CNV)检测,分析与患儿临床表现相关的致病性基因突变位点和 CNV 特点,分析基因突变
           检出情况。结果 93 例患儿临床表现包括运动发育落后、智力低下或全面性发育落后,发育水平落后于正常发育里程
           碑。共检出遗传变异 74 例,检出率为 79.6%,其中 40 例(43.0%)为致病性基因突变,13 例(14.0%)为基因 CNV,
           21 例(22.6%)为突变意义未明。基因检测结果共涉及 50 种基因,所致疾病中 SMN1 基因突变引起的脊髓性肌萎缩
           症所占比例最高(10.0%,4/40),其次为 COL6A2 基因突变引起的 Bethlem 综合征 1 型(7.5%,3/40)及 CSPP1 基因
           突变所致的 Joubert 综合征 21 型(5.0%,2/40)。结论 致病基因突变和基因 CNV 可能是导致 DD/MR 的主要病因,
           SMN1、COL6A2、CSPP1 为 DD/MR 患者常见突变基因,WES 结合 CNV 检测对明确 DD/MR 的病因,特别是对诊断表
           型和临床表现不典型的患儿有重要意义。
               【关键词】 发育迟缓;精神发育迟滞;突变;全外显子测序;拷贝数变异;基因检测
               【中图分类号】 R 749.93 【文献标识码】 A DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0595
               王静,刘芸,黄浩宇,等 . 不明原因发育迟缓 / 精神发育迟缓儿童基因检测结果研究[J]. 中国全科医学,2023,
           26(8):933-938. [www.chinagp.net]
               WANG J,LIU Y,HUANG H Y,et al. Developmental delay/mental retardation of unknown origin in children: genetic
           analysis of 93 cases[J]. Chinese General Practice,2023,26(8):933-938.

           Developmental Delay/Mental Retardation of Unknown Origin in Children:Genetic Analysis of 93 Cases WANG Jing,
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           LIU Yun ,HUANG Haoyu,WU Jinting,LIU Chunming,ZHANG Yangping,WANG Wenjuan
           Department of Rehabilitation,Kunming Children's Hospital,Kunming 650034,China
           *
           Corresponding author:LIU Yun,Chief physician;E-mail:liuyun@etyy.cn
               【Abstract】 Background It is hard to make an early and accurate diagnosis of developmental delay(DD)/mental
           retardation(MR)in children due to complex etiology,diverse and heterogeneous clinical manifestations of the disease. There
           are few large-sample analyses of the clinical and genetic test data of these children in China. Objective To perform an analysis of
           genetic test results of children with DD/MR,providing evidence for genetic diagnosis,treatment plan formulation and prognosis
           assessment in such children. Methods Ninety-three children with DD/MR of unknown origin were selected from Department of
           Rehabilitation,Kunming Children's Hospital from September 2017 to September 2021. Whole-exome sequencing(WES)was
           performed to explore pathogenic gene mutations associated with clinical manifestations. Copy number variation(CNV)detection
           was conducted to examine the characteristics of pathogenic CNVs. The detection of gene mutations was analyzed. Results The
           DD/MR in the children was mainly manifested by motor or global DD,or MR,and with a developmental level falling behind
           normal developmental milestones. Seventy-four cases(79.6%)were detected with genetic variants,and the detection rate was
           79.6%,among whom 40(43.0%)with pathogenic gene mutations,13(14.0%)with gene CNVs,and 21 (22.6%)with
           mutations of uncertain significance. The genetic test results involved more than 50 pathogenic genes in total. The most prevalent
           disease caused by gene mutation was spinal muscular atrophy caused by mutations in the SMN1 gene(10.0%,4/40),


               基金项目:云南省科技厅科技计划项目昆医联合专项(202101AY070001-215);云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2022J0202);昆
           明市卫生科技人才培养项目医学科技学科后备人才培养计划〔2022-SW(后备)005〕
               650034 云南省昆明市儿童医院康复科
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               通信作者:刘芸,主任医师;E-mail:liuyun@etyy.cn
               本文数字出版日期:2022-09-30
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