Cancer patients are often accompanied by serious psychosomatic symptoms such as depression, anxiety, insomnia and pain, which seriously affect the quality of life and prognosis of patients. However, these symptoms are often under-appreciated and poorly treated. At present, the domestic consensus on the management of cancer lacks the content of psychosomatic symptoms. Therefore, this consensus systematically describes the clinical management methods of psychosomatic symptoms related to cancer patients, combining relevant literature and integrating practical management tools. It comprehensively answers the important questions of physician-patient communication, diagnosis and evaluation, psychological intervention, drug treatment, and how to establish the physician-nurse-patient-family alliance of cancer-related psychosomatic symptoms. Aim at raising awareness of cancer-related psychosomatic symptoms among non-psychiatrists, and selecting effective communication, treatment and management of psychosomatic symptoms with the help of psycho-psychological and other multidisciplinary teams.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death among children. The level of health literacy of caregivers of pediatric oncology patients not only affects their ability to search for health information on the Internet, but also has an impact on the health outcomes of patients. There is a lack of study exploring the relationship between health literacy and online health information search among caregivers of pediatric oncology patients.

To explore the relationship between health literacy and online health information search among caregivers of pediatric oncology patients and to analyze the factors that influence caregivers' online health information search.

A total of 424 caregivers of pediatric oncology patients were included in the study using purposive sampling in three hospitals in Shandong Province from May to August 2021, as well as whole cluster sampling and snowball sampling in Guangdong Province through Shenzhen HengHui Public Welfare Foundation from June to August 2022 as subjects. The survey was conducted using the basic characteristics questionnaire and the health literacy questionnaire, and subjective answers from caregivers were used to confirm whether online health information searches were done. Point two-column correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between health literacy and online health information search among caregivers of pediatric oncology patients; binary Logistic regression (forward stepwise regression based on maximum likelihood estimation) was used to analyze the influencing factors of online health information search among caregivers of pediatric oncology patients.

The health literacy scores of caregivers of pediatric oncology patients were (2.60±0.30) (2.76±0.30) (2.76±0.30), and (2.76±0.30) for the four dimensions of "Perceived understanding and support from healthcare professionals""Evaluation of health information""Ability to interact with healthcare professionals", and "Know enough about health information to know what to do", respectively; the proportion of high health literacy was 56.13%, 63.21%, and 63.21%, 35.61%, respectively; negative correlation (r=-0.161), positive correlation (r=0.006), positive correlation (r=0.073), positive correlation (r=0.102), with online health information search, respectively. The education level of junior high school, high school/vocational school, or college/junior college and above, one-child family, "evaluation of health information" and "ability to interact with healthcare professionals" were facilitating factors for caregivers to conduct online health information search; and "perceived understanding and support from healthcare professionals" was a hindering factor for caregivers to conduct online health information search.

Most caregivers of pediatric oncology patients search for health information on the Internet, and a higher level of education, being a one-child family, having a better ability to assess health information, maintaining positive interactions with healthcare professionals, and rarely feeling the understanding and support of healthcare professionals can promote the occurrence of online health information searching behaviors among caregivers of pediatric oncology patients. The government and related departments should actively carry out health education initiatives for caregivers of pediatric oncology patients to improve their health literacy and ability to use the Internet to search for health information.

The incidence of primary non-viral hepatocellular carcinoma (NBNC-HCC) continues to increase, and abnormal lipid metabolism accompanied by inflammation is one of the main causes of NBNC-HCC, so the detection and evaluation of inflammatory markers may be an important method to predict the prognosis of NBNC-HCC.

To investigate the prognostic value of monocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) as a predictor in patients with NBNC-HCC.

A total of 119 patients diagnosed with NBNC-HCC at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 2013 and February 2020 were enrolled. General information and laboratory test results were collected. Patients were divided into four groups based on the quartiles of their MHR values: Q1 (MHR<0.33, n=28), Q2 (0.33≤MHR<0.66, n=31), Q3 (0.66≤MHR<1.59, n=30), and Q4 (MHR≥1.59, n=30). Patients were followed up regularly, and data on their survival status and time of death were recorded. The primary endpoint was the overall survival (OS) of patients with NBNC-HCC. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were plotted to assess the correlation between MHR at admission and patient mortality. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to analyze the value of MHR at admission in predicting 36-month survival of patients with NBNC-HCC. Cox proportional hazards models and BP neural network models were used to analyze the independent risk factors for patients with NBNC-HCC. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves for the prognosis of patients with NBNC-HCC, and the Log-rank test was performed.

There were statistically significant differences in diabetes, proportion of surgeries, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), C-reactive protein (CRP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT), cholinesterase (CHE), urea (UREA), creatinine (Scr), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), monocyte count (MONO), neutrophil count (NEUT), and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score among the Q1 to Q4 groups (P<0.05). ROC curves were plotted for MHR, MONO, and HDL-C to predict the prognosis of patients with NBNC-HCC. The results showed that MHR (AUC=0.822, 95%CI=0.742-0.903, P<0.05) had a better predictive effect on patient prognosis than MONO (AUC=0.723, 95%CI=0.618-0.828) (Z=4.34, P<0.05) and HDL-C (AUC=0.216, 95%CI=0.119-0.313) (Z=2.088, P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that BCLC stage B-D, CRP, and MHR were independent risk factors for all-cause mortality in patients with NBNC-HCC (P<0.05). After adjusting for hypertension, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and AST, Q2 (OR=1.926, 95%CI=1.005-3.689, P=0.015), Q3 (OR=3.418, 95%CI=1.774-6.586, P<0.05), and Q4 (OR=7.677, 95%CI=3.773-15.621, P<0.05) were risk factors for patient mortality. RCS results showed a non-linear dose-response relationship between MHR at admission and the risk of mortality in patients with NBNC-HCC (P_trend<0.001, P_{non-linearity}<0.001). When MHR at admission was>0.67, the hazard ratio (HR) was>1, indicating that MHR at admission was a risk factor for mortality in patients with NBNC-HCC (P<0.05). BP neural network model analysis found that the main factors affecting the prognosis of patients with NBNC-HCC included BCLC stage (100.0%), vascular invasion (76.3%), extrahepatic metastasis (40.6%), MHR (39.3%), CRP (38.7%), ALBI score (35.5%), total bilirubin (35.0%), MONO (34.8%), and NEUT (29.8%). There was a statistically significant difference in the cumulative survival rates among the Q1 to Q4 groups (χ²=61.86, P<0.001) .

MHR was related to the prognosis of NBNC-HCC patients with a good predictive value.

To enhance the overall health management for patients with gynecologic malignant tumors, and to fully leverage the role of primary healthcare institutions in screening and rehabilitation, the Gynecological Oncology Group of the Oncology Department of Capital Medical University, in collaboration with experts in general medicine, nutrition, psychology, rehabilitation medicine, nursing, and health statistics, has formulated the Expert Consensus on Management of Common Gynecological Malignancies Combining General Practice and Specialist. This consensus, based on evidence from evidence-based medicine, the current status of primary medical institutions, and relevant guidelines for the management of gynecological malignancies, emphasizes the early identification of gynecological malignancies and proactive intervention in related health issues. Community management of patients with common gynecological malignancies should be centered around gynecologists or general practitioners, in collaboration with a multidisciplinary oncology rehabilitation team. The management covers aspects such as prevention, screening, follow-up and referral, psychological counseling, exercise rehabilitation, nutrition management, continuity of care, systematic health education, and social function recovery, aiming to prolong survival and enhance the quality of life for patients.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. It is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment are very important. Sensitive and convenient serological biomarkers play a key role in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. However, traditional biomarkers such as alpha-fetoprotein fall far short of the clinical needs. Liver is an important organ of metabolism in the body. The occurrence and development of HCC are closely related to metabolism. Metabolomics is a newly developed subject. It has certain advantages in the screening diagnosis, mechanism exploration, precise treatment, prognosis judgment and efficacy evaluation of HCC. As an important part of systems biology, metabolomics technology can screen differentially expressed metabolites in the tissues, blood and urine of HCC patients. On the one hand, these metabolites can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of HCC. On the other hand, these metabolites can also clarify the metabolic mechanism in the development and progression of HCC, which can be used to develop new drugs and new targets for the treatment of HCC. This article reviews the research progress of metabolomics in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the screening of HCC biological diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets.

In recent years, the incidence of colorectal cancer has been on the rise in low- and middle-income countries. Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), defined as colorectal cancer occurring in patients under 50 years of age, continues to see an increasing incidence. However, there is currently a lack of relevant epidemiological trends, which may hinder precise prevention, control strategies, and resource allocation for EOCRC.

To analyze the trends in the disease burden of EOCRC and the major risk factors for EOCRC in China and Global across different genders from 1990 to 2021 and predict the incidence and mortality rates of EOCRC for different genders in China and global from 2022 to 2046.

The incidence, mortality and disability adjusted life year (DALY) rate of colorectal cancer diagnosed between the ages of 14 and 49 in China and Global from 1990 to 2021 were collected using the Global Burden of Disease Database 2021. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (ASDR) were utilized to analyze the disease burden of EOCRC and its major risk factors by gender in China and global. The Joinpoint model was used to calculate the annual percentage change (APC) and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) to reflect the trends in disease burden changes. Furthermore, the Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model was used to predict the incidence and mortality rates of EOCRC for different genders in China and globally from 2022 to 2046.

In 2021, the ASIR, ASMR, ASDR for Chinese males in EOCRC were 13.39/100 000, 4.26/100 000, 220.59/100 000, the ASIR, ASMR, ASDR for Chinese females in EOCRC in were 5.75/100 000, 1.68/100 000, 87.29/100 000. In 2021, the ASIR, ASMR, ASDR for global males in EOCRC were 6.11/100 000, 2.29/100 000, and 115.58/100 000, the ASIR, ASMR, ASDR for Chinese females in EOCRC were 4.17/100 000, 1.57/100 000, and 79.49/100 000. The AAPC for ASIR of males in China and global was 2.09% (95%CI=1.76%-2.43%) and 0.73% (95%CI=0.61%-0.84%), while for females in China, it was 0.31% (95%CI=0.04%-0.59%), all indicating an upward trend (P<0.05). The AAPC for the ASMR for males in China and global was -0.28% (95%CI=-0.51% to -0.05%) and -0.54% (95%CI=-0.68% to -0.40%), the AAPC was -2.22% (95%CI=-2.47% to -1.97%) in Chinese female and -1.25% (95%CI=-1.37% to -1.13%) in global female, all indicating a downward trend (P<0.05). The trend of ASIR trend for global females exhibited fluctuations, with AAPC of -0.09% (95%CI=-0.22% to 0.04%) (P>0.05). The trend of ASDR for Chinese male showed an inverted "V" shape, with AAPC of -0.20% (95%CI=-0.45% to 0.04%) (P>0.05). By 2046, the predicted ASIR and ASMR for Chinese male are expected to be 28.46/100 000 and 4.80/100 000. For females in China, these rates are projected to be 7.41/100 000 and 1.23/100 000. Globally, the ASIR and ASMR for males are forecasted to be 5.90/100 000 and 1.62/100 000, while for females, the rates are expected to be 3.06/100 000 and 1.05/100 000.

The disease burden of EOCRC in both males and females in China is severe and exceeds the global average, exhibiting significant gender disparities. There is a need to deepen the focus on the gender disparities associated with EOCRC and to implement targeted prevention and control measures. Additionally, drawing on global prevention and treatment experiences can provide a valuable reference for policy formulation.

Anthracyclines are fundamental in the chemotherapy treatment of breast cancer, but these treatments often lead to changes in physique, such as increased body fat and decreased cardiopulmonary function, alongside gastrointestinal reactions and bone marrow suppression, thereby impacting the patients' quality of life. Current studies on the ameliorative effects of exercise on these side effects yield inconsistent results, necessitating further research. Clinically, the efficacy and safety of exercise prescriptions in mitigating these chemotherapy side effects in breast cancer patients warrant further exploration.

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and safety of aerobic exercise in improving the physique and quality of life of breast cancer patients during anthracycline-based chemotherapy.

This study is a randomized controlled trial involving 44 adult female breast cancer patients who received anthracycline-based chemotherapy at Beijing Chaoyang Sanhuan Cancer Hospital, from March 2022 to January 2023. They were randomly assigned to an exercise group (23 participants) and a control group (21 participants). The control group was informed about personalized exercise guidance after chemotherapy. The exercise group, under the supervision of rehabilitation therapists, engaged in workouts during their hospital stay and continued personalized exercise interventions at home with self-monitoring and remote supervision by researchers. Key outcome measures, including physique and quality of life, were collected before and after chemotherapy, along with the incidence and severity of gastrointestinal reactions, bone marrow suppression, and exercise-related adverse events. Covariance analysis, using pre-chemotherapy data as covariates, compared the physique and quality of life between the two groups.

Four participants were lost during the intervention and follow-up, leaving 40 participants (21 in the exercise group, 19 in the control group). No severe adverse events were observed during the exercise intervention. The average compliance with the exercise intervention was 81.8%; average compliance per exercise session was 91.9%, and average compliance with exercise intensity was 92.5%. Post-chemotherapy, the exercise group showed lower body fat weight, body fat percentage, visceral fat area, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and significantly higher grip strength of the dominant hand and relative peak oxygen uptake (VO₂peak) compared to the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of functional impairments post-chemotherapy in the exercise group (7/20) was significantly lower than in the control group (12/16) (χ²=5.707, P=0.017). Post-chemotherapy, the exercise group reported significantly lower scores in physical condition, emotional condition, and additional scores, and higher functional condition scores than the control group (P<0.05). Post-chemotherapy, the control group's physical condition scores (P<0.001) and the exercise group's functional condition scores (P=0.017) were higher than pre-chemotherapy. The control and exercise groups underwent 84 and 94 anthracycline chemotherapy sessions, respectively, with the control group experiencing 84 gastrointestinal reactions and 71 bone marrow suppressions, and the exercise group experiencing 54 gastrointestinal reactions and 45 bone marrow suppressions, showing statistically significant differences between the groups (P<0.05) .

Aerobic exercise during anthracycline chemotherapy can improve the physique and quality of life of breast cancer patients and is safe when supervised.

Cervical cancer, a prevalent malignancy in women, has a well-established etiology and can be effectively prevented through standardized screening. The WHO recommends HPV testing as the primary method for cervical cancer screening. Understanding the status of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection in Chengdu is crucial for optimizing primary hrHPV screening.

To investigate the hrHPV infection status among cervical cancer screening participants aged 35-64 years in Chengdu, and explore the related factors affecting the positive detection rate of hrHPV.

We retrospectively analyzed data from 459 433 women who received free cervical cancer screening in Chengdu in 2023, sourced from the "Chengdu Reproductive Health Database of Women of Childbearing Age". We analyzed the overall distribution of different hrHPV genotypes and the distribution of hrHPV subtypes in patients with cervical lesions, and compared the hrHPV infection in different populations. Multivariate Logistic regression models identified factors affecting the positive detection rate of hrHPV.

The hrHPV prevalence among participants was 11.65% (53 509/459 433), with an increase observed with age (χ²=1 501.082, P<0.001). Among cervical cancer patients, 82.39% (131/159) were infected with HPV 16 or 18, predominantly with simple HPV 16 infection (52.20%, 83/159). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, education level, marital status, menopausal status, contraceptive method, gravidity, and parity were significant factors influencing the positive detection rate of hrHPV (P<0.05) .

The hrHPV infection prevalence in Chengdu is slightly lower than the national average. The findings suggest a need for targeted health education and follow-up, particularly for patients positive for HPV 16 or 18. Emphasis should be placed on carrying out related publicity to groups such as the elderly, less educated, unmarried or divorced/widowed, postmenopausal women, those not using contraception or using methods other than condoms, and women with gravidity and parity more than twice, so as to strengthen the publicity of the core knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and control and reproductive health knowledge, and improve women's health literacy.

In advanced papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), particularly distant metastatic PTC (DM-PTC), disease progression is primarily monitored through serum markers like thyroglobulin (Tg) and imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT). Due to limitations inherent in imaging techniques, such as radiation exposure, high cost, and complexity of metastatic lesion distribution, Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) often fail to timely capture disease changes in DM-PTC patients. The integration of Tg doubling time (TgDT) has demonstrated its efficacy in sensitively monitoring PTC disease progression.

To explore the biochemical progression and its influencing factors in DM-PTC using TgDT as the outcome variable.

This retrospective study included 61 DM-PTC patients treated at the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2018 to June 2023. Baseline data and genetic mutation analyses (including BRAF mutation, TERT mutation, RET fusion, and RAS mutation) were collected. Peripheral blood T cell subsets, natural killer (NK) cells, and lymphocyte counts were measured 4 months to 1 year post-last ¹³¹I treatment. Patients were categorized into two groups based on TgDT<3 years (n=16) and ≥3 years (n=45). The initial and final values of T cell subsets, NK cell percentages, and lymphocyte counts were defined at the first and last Tg measurement points, respectively. The lymphocyte subset change rate was calculated as [ (final value - initial value) /initial value] ×100%. Differences in initial values and change rates of lymphocyte subsets between the two groups were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing biochemical progression in DM-PTC.

The ≥3 years group had a lower age at diagnosis, fewer local surgeries before the last ¹³¹I treatment, lower RAIR, TERT mutation, and co-occurrence of BRAF and TERT mutations, but a higher RET fusion rate compared to the <3 years group (P<0.05). The ≥3 years group exhibited higher percentages of CD₃⁺ and CD₈⁺ T cells and lower percentages of NK cells and CD₄/CD₈ ratio compared to the <3 years group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that a decrease in CD₈⁺ T cell percentage (OR=0.879, 95%CI=0.792-0.975) and co-occurrence of BRAF and TERT mutations (OR=7.044, 95%CI=1.368-36.265) were factors influencing biochemical progression in DM-PTC (P<0.05) .

An immune status characterized by a low proportion of CD₈⁺ T cells and the co-occurrence of BRAF and TERT mutations are influential factors in the biochemical progression of DM-PTC. Lymphocyte subset analysis and combined genetic testing are crucial for disease monitoring and prognosis evaluation in DM-PTC.

Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are one of the individualized targeted therapeutic options for patients with advanced EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which can significantly improve the prognosis. However, the response to TKIs changed variously depends on different type of EGFR mutations.

To explore the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs versus chemotherapy in EGFR non-hotspot mutated non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Ninety patients with postoperative recurrent or advanced NSCLC during April 2012 to June 2019 were collected from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, of whom were confirmed with EGFR non-hotspot mutations. Patients were divided into first-line EGFR-TKIs treatment group and first-line chemotherapy group depended on first-line treatments. All patients were followed up by telephone or by reviewing in-patient and out-patient cases to obtain their prognosis information. The deadline for follow-up was March 31, 2024. The curative effect, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were observed.

Among 90 patients, there were 52 cases in EGFR-TKIs treatment group and 38 cases in first-line chemotherapy group. There were 16 patients with postoperative recurrence and metastasis, and 74 patients with initial stage ⅢB-Ⅳ diagnosis. Among the patients with EGFR non-hotspot mutations, there were 51 cases of single gene mutation and 39 cases of compound mutations. After progression of first-line EGFR-TKIs treatment, there were 8 patients treated with EGFR-TKIs and 9 patients treated with chemotherapy. After progression of first-line chemotherapy, 8 patients were treated with EGFR-TKIs, 16 patients with chemotherapy and 1 patient with immunotherapy. The PFS of patients with different subtypes of EGFR non-hotspot mutations who received first-line EGFR-TKIs treatment was statistically significant (χ²=24.26, P<0.001). Compared with the first-line chemotherapy group, PFS and OS in the first-line EGFR-TKIs treatment group were significantly different (P<0.05). Among the patients with single mutation, there was significant difference in PFS and OS between the first-line EGFR-TKIs treatment group and the first-line chemotherapy group (P<0.05). Among the patients with compound mutation, there was significant difference in PFS between the irst-line EGFR-TKIs treatment group and the first-line chemotherapy group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in OS between the first-line EGFR-TKIs treatment group and the first-line chemotherapy group (P>0.05). Among the patients after progression of first-line chemotherapy, the median PFS of second-line EGFR-TKIs treatment (8 cases) and chemotherapy (16 cases) was 11.3 months and 5.6 months, respectively. There was a significant difference of PFS between second-line EGFR-TKIs treatment group and chemotherapy group (χ²=7.487, P=0.006) .

In postoperative recurrent or advanced NSCLC with non-hotspot EGFR mutations, there was a difference in survival between patients with EGFR ex20ins and E20 S768I mutations and patients with other mutation types treated with first-line EGFR-TKIs treatment. However, in all mutation, treatment with first-line EGFR-TKIs significantly prolonged patient survival compared with first-line chemotherapy.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The current prevention and treatment situation remains critical. It is of scientific significance to explore new therapeutic agents for HCC.

To analyze the mechanism of wogonin on HCC by network pharmacology and to verify it in vitro.

The drug targets of wogonin were searched in TCMSP database, and the disease targets of HCC were collected from TTD, GenCard, OMIM, DisGent databases. The collected drug targets and disease targets were intersected as potential targets for drug intervention in diseases. R software was used for enrichment analysis of intersection targets, STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to construct protein interaction network and screen core targets. The core targets were further analyzed in GIEPA database. Finally, the preliminary analysis results were verified by in vitro experiments, including cell activity determination using CCK-8 kit, cell proliferation determination using plate clone formation experiment, cell migration determination using scoring test, protein expression level determination using Western-blotting (WB) assay.

The AMDE characteristics of wogonin were found to be in accordance with the rules for small molecule drug formation and the toxicity analysis showed no toxicity. A total of 135 wogonin targets and 8 238 HCC targets were collected, and 113 targets were intersected. Through the analysis of the core genes of TOP10 screened by the constructed protein interaction network, it was found that the mRNA levels of CDK1 and SRC in liver cancer tissues were higher than those in normal liver tissues (P<0.05), and the high expression levels in liver cancer patients were related to poor prognosis (P<0.05). KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the intersection genes were enriched in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and the molecular docking results showed that wogonin had strong binding configuration activity with CDK1 and SRC. The results of CCK-8 kit showed that the activity of HepG2 cells in the 75.0, 150.0, and 300.0 μmol/L wogonin groups was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The results of plate clone formation experiment showed that the number of colony formation of HepG2 cells in the 37.5, 75.0, 150.0 μmol/L wogonin groups was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The results of scoring test showed that the migration rate of HepG2 cells in the 37.5, 75.0 and 150.0 μmol/L wogonin groups was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The results of the WB assay showed that the expression levels of PI3K, P-AKT/AKT, CDK1 and SRC proteins in the 75.0 and 150.0 μmol/L wogonin groups were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05) .

Wogonin inhibits the proliferation and migration of HCC cells and induces apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of CDK1 and SRC proteins and attenuating the PI3K/AKT pathway signaling, to achieve the purpose of interfering with the occurrence and progression of HCC.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of common cancer-related mortality globally, accounting for approximately 90% of all primary liver cancer cases. Its recurrence and mortality rates are high, with the underlying molecular mechanisms remaining unclear.

To explore potential molecular mechanisms of HCC and explore novel biomarkers.

RNA-seq expression data and clinical information were retrieved from TCGA database, differential gene expression analysis was conducted between normal liver tissue and HCC tissue. Enrichment analysis on the differentially expressed genes was performed. Based on the gene expression data profiles of HCC in TCGA, a co-expression network was established using the WGCNA R package, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to select clinically significant modules and screen candidate Hub genes; the candidate Hub genes were further analyzed for significant differential expression in HCC tissues and normal liver tissues, and whether they were significantly correlated with the overall survival and disease-free survival of HCC patients. The Hub genes were conclusively identified, and their protein expression was validated through the Human Protein Atlas database.

The genetic expression data in this study were obtained from 50 normal liver tissue samples and 373 HCC tissue samples. Through differential gene expression analysis, a total of 7 230 genes differential expression between HCC and normal hepatic tissue, comprising 3 691 up-regulated genes and 3 539 down-regulated genes in HCC were identified. Enrichment analysis showed that the up-regulated differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in cell cycle regulation and mitotic processes; the down-regulated differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in processes such as small molecule metabolism and organic acid metabolism. WGCNA identified 19 gene modules related to the clinical features of HCC patients, the cyan and purple modules were screened by analyzing the relationship between the modules and the clinical features. The first two genes in the cyan module genes that were strongly associated with both overall survival and disease-free survival of patients were VPS45 and FAM189B. In the purple module genes, first two genes that were strongly associated with both overall survival and disease-free survival of patients were CLEC1B and FCN3, respectively; therefore, VPS45, FAM189B, CLEC1B and FCN3 were identified as the final Hub genes. Immunohistochemical staining in the Human Protein Atlas database showed that VPS45 and FAM189B were expressed higher in HCC tissues than in normal liver tissues. FCN3 was expressed in HCC tissues lower than in normal liver tissues, the difference in the expression of CLEC1B between HCC tissues and normal liver tissues was not obvious.

VPS45, FAM189B, CLEC1B and FCN3 have been preliminary identified as possible novel potential biomarkers for HCC, which may provide a theoretical basis for targeted therapy of HCC.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignant liver tumor, with an increasing incidence rate. Since alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), the traditional serum marker for HCC, has a low sensitivity, there is a critical need for novel molecular biomarkers to enable early detection of HCC.

To detect the protein expression level of serum polyadenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase 2 (PARP2) in HCC patients in the blood of HCC patients and investigate its potential as a diagnostic marker for HCC.

PARP2 mRNA levels of 50 healthy individuals and 371 HCC patients were analyzed in the TCGA database, and the diagnostic efficacy was analyzed by plotting the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of subjects diagnosed with HCC by PARP2 expression. The levels of PARP2 mRNA and protein expression were assessed in both HCC cells and normal hepatocytes. Serum samples from 38 newly diagnosed HCC patients and 38 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from March 2021 to July 2022 were collected to measure serum PARP2 protein levels by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, and their correlation with HCC clinical characteristics was analyzed. Additionally, the characteristics of serum PARP2 expression levels in diagnosing HCC, particularly in alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) -negative HCC (AFP <20 μg/L) was analyzed, and the efficacy of the combination of serum PARP2 and AFP for the diagnosis of HCC in patients with HCC and healthy individuals was evaluated.

TCGA data showed that PARP2 mRNA expression is higher in malignant tissues compared to paracancerous tissues based on the big data analysis of TCGA (P<0.001). PARP2 mRNA and protein expression levels were higher in HCC cells HepG2 compared to normal hepatocytes WRL68 (P<0.05). HCC patients had higher serum PARP2 protein expression levels compared to healthy individuals (P<0.001). Comparison of serum PARP2 expression levels in those with different lymphatic metastases and tumor counts showed statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of serum PARP2 expression level plotted for the diagnosis of HCC was 0.92, with a sensitivity of 76.32%, a specificity of 97.37% and a cut-off value of 19.45 μg/L. Upon serum AFP testing, 21 of the 38 HCC patients were AFP-negative HCC. The AUC of serum PARP2 protein level for diagnosing AFP-negative HCC was 0.95 (95%CI=0.88-1.00), with a sensitivity of 85.71%, a specificity of 97.37%, and a cutoff value of 19.59 μg/L. The diagnostic efficacy of PARP2 in combination with AFP was further evaluated using a "parallel" co-diagnostic approach, the results showed that the diagnostic efficacy of the combined diagnosis of HCC was 92.11%, the specificity was 94.74%, and the AUC was 0.934 2. For AFP-negative HCC patients, the sensitivity of the combined diagnosis was 85.71%, the specificity was 94.74%, and the AUC was 0.902 3.

PARP2 is highly expressed in HCC and can be used as a biological marker for HCC screening, especially in AFP-negative HCC.

Lung cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with both its incidence and mortality rates on the rise worldwide. Despite numerous investigations into its etiology, progression, and prognostic indicators, a pressing need persists for straightforward and efficient methods to assess the early prognosis of lung cancer.

This study aims to investigate the prognostic significance of absolute eosinophil count level in patients with lung cancer.

We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from 152 lung cancer patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between June 2019 and December 2022, with follow-up conducted until May 2023. Patients experiencing tumor recurrence, metastasis, or mortality were categorized into the poor prognosis group, while the remaining patients comprised the good prognosis group. Progression-free survival time (PFS) was meticulously recorded. Group comparisons were made to identify factors influencing lung cancer prognosis, followed by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Additionally, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was employed to assess the impact of absolute eosinophil count on survival. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to evaluate the prognostic efficacy of lung cancer, with the area under the ROC curve (AUC) calculated to gauge its predictive value. To further explore the relationship between eosinophil counts and lung cancer, datasets were procured from genome-wide association analysis pooled data and the International Consortium for Lung Cancer Research for Mendelian randomization analysis, elucidating potential causal links.

Patients were stratified into good and poor prognosis groups based on their lung cancer prognosis. A statistically significant contrast in absolute eosinophil count was observed between these groups (P=0.004). Multivariate Cox regression analysis highlighted absolute eosinophil count as an independent risk factor for lung cancer survival outcomes (HR=1.58, 95%CI=1.03-2.44, P=0.037). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the PFS time for patients with elevated absolute eosinophilic counts (n=76) (618.44±72.57 ) days was shorter compared to those with normal counts (n=76) (842.32±76.04) days (P=0.048). Furthermore, the AUC was 0.634. Mendelian randomization findings indicated that eosinophil count might serve as an adverse overall risk factor for lung cancer in the East Asian population (OR=1.07, 95%CI=1.01-1.13, P=0.030) .

The elevation of absolute eosinophil count levels may adversely impact the prognosis of lung cancer patients.

The treatment of intermediate and advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma poses significant challenges, prompting a research focus on the effective evaluation and enhancement of therapies. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with immunotherapy has exhibited potential, however, there is a need for further validation of its efficacy and the identification of biomarkers that can predict patient prognosis.

To explore the clinical value of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in evaluating the clinical efficacy of TACE alone or combined with target immunotherapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

The clinical data of 113 newly diagnosed patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma were hospitalized in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2021 to July 2022 were analyzed. According to the treatment regimen, the patients were divided into TACE group (n=66), TACE combined targeting group (n=22), and TACE combined with target immunity group (n=25). Tumor markers such as VEGF, alpha fetoprotein (AFP), and protein induced by vitamin K antagonist-Ⅱ (PIVKA-Ⅱ) were detected before and after treatment. According to the modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST), patients were followed up for 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment to evaluate the clinical efficacy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) of the patients were analyzed. The median progression free survival (PFS) was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier and the survival curve was drawn. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum VEGF and related combined serum tumor markers for the clinical efficacy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

The ORRs of the TACE group, TACE combined targeting group and TACE combined target immunity group were after 12 months of follow-up were 17.14% (6/35), 33.33% (4/12), and 54.55% (6/11), respectively, and the DCRs were 28.57% (10/35), 41.67% (5/12), and 72.73% (8/11), respectively. The ORR and DCR of the TACE combined target immunity group after 12 months of treatment were significantly higher than those of the TACE group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The median PFS of TACE combined with target immunity group (15.039 months) was better than that of TACE group (8.757 months) and TACE combined targeting group (9.680 months) (P<0.05). The frequency of TACE in TACE combined with target immunity group after 12 months of follow-up was significantly less than that in TACE groupand TACE combined targeting group (P<0.05). The difference of serum VEGF before and after treatment in TACE combined targeting group and TACE combined target immunity group was significantly higher than that in TACE group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The AUC of the difference in serum VEGF before and after treatment for predicting the clinical efficacy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma was 0.748 (P<0.001), and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.909 and 0.629, respectively. The AUCs of serum VEGF combined with PIVKA-Ⅱ, VEGF combined with AFP, and VEGF combined with AFP and PIVKA-Ⅱ for predicting the clinical efficacy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma were 0.781, 0.869, and 0.872, respectively (P<0.001) .

TACE combined with targeted immunotherapy can improve the efficacy of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and prolong the PFS of patients. Serum VEGF in patients can be used as a biological indicator for evaluating clinical efficacy.

Hepatic macrophages play a vital role in the defense mechanisms and maintaining the internal environment stability of body, and are also major cellular components involved in liver injury and repair. Macrophages derived from hematopoietic stem cells exhibit distinct gene regulation patterns compared to resident macrophages in the liver. More than 90% of primary liver cancer occurs on the basis of cirrhosis, and the dynamic changes of macrophages in the progression of cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma are worth exploring.

To analyze the transcriptomic differences of hepatic macrophages originating from diverse sources, analyze the dynamic pattern of macrophage changes in liver cirrhosis and liver cancer progression, and explore potential strategies for preventing the progression of liver cancer.

In this study, single-cell transcriptomics data of healthy, cirrhotic and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The healthy and liver fibrosis data were obtained from the GSE136103 dataset of the GEO database, which included samples from five healthy liver tissues and five liver cirrhosis tissues. The HCC data were obtained from the GSE149614 dataset of the GEO database, which consisted of 21 samples from ten HCC patients. Utilizing the Seurat package, a clustering analysis was conducted on the transcriptomic data derived from liver fibrosis and HCC samples to identify distinct cell types. Notably, three distinctive clusters of macrophage subtypes were identified within the fibrosis samples, from which the top 200 marker genes were extracted. Metascape online analysis software was applied to functionally analyze each subcluster-specific expressed gene. Subgroup-specific expressed genes in liver fibrosis were extracted, and the function of macrophages in cirrhosis was explored by KEGG functional analysis. The CellChat software package was utilized to analyze intercellular interactions within liver fibrosis and HCC single-cell transcriptome data, differences in macrophage communication between cirrhosis and HCC samples were compared. Additionally, normal, fibrotic and cancerous macrophages were extracted, and batch effect correction was performed using the Harmony package. Subsequently, the Monocle package was employed for pseudo-time analysis to construct the developmental trajectory of macrophages spanning from a healthy state to fibrosis and eventually to the HCC microenvironment. The limma package was utilized to find genes that are continuously up-regulated and down-regulated during the evolution of macrophages from healthy state to cirrhotic state and finally to HCC, and functional enrichment analysis was performed.

Unsupervised clustering was performed, and a total of three macrophage subclusters (designated as Mac1, Mac2, Mac3) were identified based on the expression patterns of marker genes. Mac1 originates from tissue-resident macrophages (Kupffer cells). Mac2 and Mac3 derived from blood monocytes and their numbers were significantly increased in cirrhotic tissue. Mac1 in cirrhotic tissue showed up-regulation of adaptive immune system-related functions. Mac2 and Mac3 subgroups show down-regulation of phagosome-related functions and antigen presentation functions. There were significant differences in communication between macrophages and other cell types in cirrhotic tissue and HCC tissue. Certain intercellular communication occurs only in cirrhotic macrophages, including cell communication of signaling pathways such as IFN-Ⅱ and CD40. After batch effect correction, pseudo-time series analysis was performed on macrophages from healthy liver, liver cirrhosis and HCC, the results suggest that there is a specific temporal relationship between the three groups of macrophages. This study identified 81 genes that were continuously down-regulated during the process, however, no genes were identified that were continuously up-regulated during the evolution of healthy-cirrhotic-HCC macrophage. Functional analysis suggested that the continuously down-regulated genes are functionally enriched for immune responses to bacteria.

Cirrhotic macrophages can be divided into three subgroups, of which Mac1 derived from liver-resident Kupffer cells and Mac2 and Mac3 derive from blood monocytes. Many immune-related cell communications in liver cirrhosis, such as IFN-Ⅱ and CD40 pathways, disappear in HCC. There is a continuous down-regulation of immune responses to bacteria in the evolution of healthy -cirrhotic-HCC macrophages, which may exacerbate the destructive effect of portal hypertension-induced gut microbiota displacement. For patients with liver cirrhosis, early treatment of portal hypertension-induced intestinal leakage (leaky gut) may be an important treatment strategy.

Gastrointestinal symptoms in gastric cancer patients treated with postoperative chemotherapy are diverse and interconnected, without effective intervention targets. In recent years, network analysis has emerged as a prominent approach to identify intervention targets.

To construct a network of gastrointestinal symptoms in gastric cancer patients treated with postoperative chemotherapy, identify core symptoms and analyze the factors influencing core symptoms, so as to provide a reference for precise symptom management.

Postoperative chemotherapy patients with gastric cancer were selected in the medical oncology and surgical oncology department of four tertiary A-level Chinese medicine hospitals (Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Xuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine) in South, Central, and North of Jiangsu Province, from March to December 2022 via convenience sampling method, as the study subjects. The MD Anderson Symptom Inventory Gastrointestinal Cancer (MDASI-GI) was used for evaluating gastrointestinal symptoms and their severity among patients receiving postoperative chemotherapy for gastric cancer, as well as assessing the classification of traditional Chinese medicine constitution among patients. The network of gastrointestinal symptoms was constructed using an R package to identify the centrality indexes. The univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to investigate factors influencing core gastrointestinal symptoms in patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

A total of 362 electronic questionnaires were collected, 355 were valid, with a valid recovery rate of 98.1%. The highest incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with postoperative chemotherapy for gastric cancer was lack of appetite (83.1%), taste alteration (81.7%) and nausea (71.0%), and the top three in terms of severity were lack of appetite (2.77 points), taste alteration (2.50 points) and nausea (2.27 points). Network analysis showed that taste alteration had the highest intensity (r_S=1.27) and the highest tight centrality (r_C=1.50) ; vomiting had the highest betweenness centrality (r_B=1.76). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender (B=0.809, 95%CI=0.319-1.298), smoking history (B=0.706, 95%CI=0.185-1.228) and phlegm-damp constitution (B=1.703, 95%CI=0.538-2.868) were the factors influencing the severity of taste alteration symptoms in patients with gastric cancer after chemotherapy (P<0.05) .

Taste alteration is the core symptom of gastrointestinal symptoms in gastric cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy. Gender, smoking history, and phlegm-damp constitution are influential factors contributing to taste alteration. Nursing staff can develop intervention strategies based on these core symptoms and their influencing factors to enhance the efficacy of managing gastrointestinal symptoms during chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients.

The assessment of psychological resilience can facilitate an understanding of how patients utilize internal and external resources to adapt to adversities, traumas, significant life stressors, and disease treatment. At present, the unity of self-reported scales for assessing the psychological resilience of cancer patients remains controversial. Furthermore, it lacks the integration and standardized evaluation of scale measurement properties, and the selection of evaluation tools lacks evidence-based evidence.

To systematically assess the measurement properties of a psychological resilience evaluation tool for cancer patients and critically examine the study's methodological quality, therefore to provide a reference for healthcare professionals in selecting a high-quality assessment tool.

A systematic search of databases like PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and Wanfang Data was conducted for literature related to the evaluation of the measurement properties of the Cancer Psychological Resilience Scale. The search was done within the time frame of the database's creation to 2023-02-14. All identified articles were rated by two independent assessors following the COSMIN guidelines.

Thirteen studies were included, and among the nine cancer psychological resilience tools were the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), the Resilience Scale Specific to Cancer (RS-SC), the 10-item Resilience Scale Specific to Cancer (RS-SC-10), the 14-item Resilience Scale (RS-14), the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), the SV-RES Resilience Scale (SV-RES), the Ego-Resiliency Scale (ER89-R12), the Pain Resilience Scale (PRS), and the Shift and Persist Questionnaire. All scales—aside from the RS-SC-10, which suggested a "C" because of its poor cross-cultural validity—were rated "B" because of their ambiguous content validity and differing levels of evidence.

This systematic review provides an overview of psychological resilience assessment tools used in cancer patients. The RS-SC stands out as being one of the most robust instruments for measuring psychological resilience in patients. Evidence needs to be generated and used in the clinical setting.

Esophageal carcinoma is a common malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract in China and even globally, with a high incidence and mortality rate. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Salvia chinensia Benth (SJC) has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and easing pain in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Pharmacological experimental studies have proved that SJC has anticancer properties and can effectively treat a variety of malignant tumors.

To explore the effect and mechanism of SJC in the inhibition of carcinoma in situ esophageal cancer development of C57 mice based on ferroptosis.

Ninety SPF grade C57BL/6 female mice were selected from February 2022 to February 2023 and randomly divided into Control group (n=15), simple 4-Nitroquinoline N-oxide (4NQO) -induced cancer group (4NQO group, n=25), 4NQO+ low-dose SJC group[4NQO/SJC (91 mg) group, n=25]and 4NQO+high dose SJC group[4NQO/SJC (182 mg) group, n=25]. The preparation of in situ model of esophageal cancer in C57 mice was carried out using 4NQO induction. The activities of the mice were observed, their mental state, food and water intake were recorded, and the body mass of the mice was measured and recorded at 8-week intervals. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and pathological analysis of esophageal tissue were performed after 32 weeks. The contents of Fe²⁺, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in esophageal tissues were determined, and the expression levels of nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in esophageal tissues of mice were detected by western blot. Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the survival curves of mice, and Breslow test was used to compare the survival curves.

The body mass of mice in 4NQO group, 4NQO/SJC (91 mg) group and 4NQO/SJC (182 mg) group at 8, 16, 24 and 32 weeks of modeling was lower than that in Control group. The body mass of 4NQO/SJC (91 mg) group and 4NQO/SJC (182 mg) group at 32 weeks was higher than that of 4NQO group (P<0.05). The results of Breslow test showed that there was significant difference in the survival curves of mice in the four groups (χ²=9.907, P=0.019). The results of HE staining showed that esophageal epithelial tissue of mice in 4NQO group showed abnormal proliferation, disordered cell arrangement, and abnormal pathological changes such as keratinized beads. Compared with 4NQO group, the esophageal epithelial histopathological changes in 4NQO/SJC (91 mg) and 4NQO/SJC (182 mg) groups were significantly improved. Fe²⁺ and MDA in 4NQO, 4NQO/SJC (91 mg) and 4NQO/SJC (182 mg) groups were lower than those in Control group, and GSH was higher than that in Control group (P<0.05). Fe²⁺ and MDA in 4NQO/SJC (91 mg) and 4NQO/SJC (182 mg) groups were higher than those in 4NQO group, and GSH was lower than that in 4NQO group (P<0.05). Fe²⁺ and MDA in 4NQO/SJC (182 mg) group were higher than those in 4NQO/SJC (91 mg) group, and GSH in 4NQO/SJC (91 mg) group was lower than that in 4NQO/SJC (91 mg) group (P<0.05). NCOA4 in 4NQO group was lower than that in Control group, 4NQO/SJC (91 mg) group and 4NQO/SJC (182 mg) group, and GPX4 was higher than that in Control group, 4NQO/SJC (91 mg) group and 4NQO/SJC (182 mg) group (P<0.05). The GPX4 of 4NQO/SJC (91 mg) group and 4NQO/SJC (182 mg) group was higher than that of Control group (P<0.05) .

It is proved that SJC can interfere with the development of esophageal cancer development by a mechanism that may be related to NCOA4-mediated ferritin phagocytosis.

Pre-pregnancy obesity can have a range of effects on both the mother and the fetus, possibly due to abnormalities in maternal-fetal metabolism. Therefore, exploring the mechanisms is essential to improve fetal prognosis.

To investigate the alterations of factors associated with obesity and glucose metabolism in the placentas of pregnant women with different BMI levels before pregnancy.

A total of 100 singleton pregnant women who delivered in Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University in 2019 were selected as the study subjects. The clinical data were collected based on the electronic medical record system. The subjects were divided into the low/normal body mass group (n=57) and overweight/obese group (n=43) based on their pre-pregnancy body mass. The expression of long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated Lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (LncRNA MALAT1), serum amyloid A3 (SAA3), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNA in placental tissue were measured using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

The age of the subjects ranged from 22 to 43 years, with an average age of (32.7±4.2) years, including 61 primiparas, 21 with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), 14 with low body mass, 43 with normal body mass, 26 with overweight, and 17 with obese. The proportion of GDM and neonatal body mass in the overweight/obese group was higher than that in the low/normal body mass group, and the weight gain during pregnancy was lower than that in the low/normal body mass group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The expression of LncRNA MALAT1 mRNA in placental tissue was higher in the overweight/obese group than the low/normal body mass group, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of LncRNA MALAT1, SAA3, and IL-6 mRNA in the placental tissue of obese pregnant women were higher than those of normal pre-pregnancy body mass, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05) .

Excessive pre-pregnancy BMI has a more significant impact on mother and child during pregnancy, overshadowing the effects of controlling weight gain during pregnancy. In obese pregnant women, LncRNA MALAT1 may regulate glucose and lipid homeostasis through SAA3 and IL-6, involving inflammatory changes and oxidative stress, thereby affecting fetal metabolism, which deserves more in-depth exploration.

Cardiotoxicity is a leading cause of mortality among breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Therefore, an early risk assessment is vital for the clinical prevention and treatment of cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy, although a recognized tool is scant in our country.

To develop a cardiotoxic risk assessment scale for breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and to test its reliability and validity.

Through reviewing relevant domestic and international literatures, a pool involving items to assess the risk of cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy was created. Semi-structured interviews with healthcare providers at Jiangsu Cancer Hospital from September to October 2022 were performed by purposive sampling, thus primarily forming a tool of items for the cardiotoxic risk assessment scale. In addition, breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital were randomly selected for a pre-survey and validation of the reliability and validity of the scale. Ranked by the score of the cardiotoxic risk assessment scale, the top 27% of participants were assigned into the high-score group, and the remaining were in the low-score group. Cronbach's α coefficient was used to evaluate the internal consistency of the scale. Validity of the scale was verified by measuring the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) and scale-level content validity index (S-CVI). Exploratory factor analysis was performed to assess the structural validity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted, and the area under tcurve (AUC) was calculated to determine the predictive validity.

Twenty healthcare providers were included in the semi-structured interviews. After two rounds of expert consultations, a 19-item cardiotoxic risk assessment scale in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy was developed. In this study, there were 79 patients in the low-score group and 83 in the high-score group. No significant differences in the history of smoking, endocrine treatment and immunotherapy were detected between the two groups (P>0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the history of smoking and immunotherapy was not significantly correlated with the total scores (P>0.05). Eventually, three items of smoking history, history of endocrine treatment and history of immunotherapy were removed, forming a 16-item scale. The Cronbach's α coefficient, test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability were 0.739, 0.983 and 0.984, respectively. Content validity results showed that I-CVI ranged from 0.83 to 1.00, and S-CVI was 0.98. Predictive validity results showed the AUC of 0.887 (95%CI=0.827-0.947, P<0.001), with a cut-off value of 32.50 points, Youden's index of 0.649, specificity of 89.1%, and sensitivity of 75.9%. Exploratory factor analysis results showed a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value of 0.700. Bartlett's sphericity test showed the χ² value of 1 037.898 (df=120, P<0.001). Five common factors were extracted, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 61.991%. Risk stratification results indicated a low risk at 32-38 points, medium risk at 39-56 points, and high risk at 57 points and above.

The cardiotoxic risk assessment scale for breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy has good reliability and validity. It can better predict the high-risk population of cardiotoxicity and provide an effective assessment tool for clinicians and nurses to effectively identify the high-risk population of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system, and its incidence has increased rapidly in recent years. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer, accounting for 80% of all thyroid cancers. Despite the efficacy of surgical treatment, radioactive iodine therapy, TSH inhibition therapy and novel targeted drug therapy, early diagnosis and intervention are the key to stop its occurrence and development, however, the sensitivity indexes related to PTC are still lacking in clinical practice.

To investigate the correlation between lipid metabolism, inflammatory markers and sex of patients with PTC.

The data of PTC patients (n=370) diagnosed and treated in the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected for retrospective analysis, and the normal population of physical examination in the same period was matched according to age and gender as the control group (n=1 112). Age, gender, smoking status, BMI, peripheral blood white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count (PLT), lymphocyte count (LYM), monocyte count (MON), neutrophil count (NEU), fasting blood glucose (FBG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), were collected in both groups, triacylglycerol (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), urea (UREA), creatinine (Cr), and uric acid (UA), and calculate the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and monocyte-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (MHR). Analyze the correlation between the above indicators and PTC and their diagnostic value.

Compared with control group, WBC, LYM, MON, LDL-C and MHR in case group were higher than those in control group (P<0.001). There were significant differences in PLR, LYM and MHR between the two groups (P<0.05). In correlation analysis, there was a positive correlation between MHR indicators and tumor size in female PTC patients (r=0.582, P<0.05). The correlation between MHR and tumor size in male PTC patients is weak (r=0.355, P<0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that: in female patients with PTC (papillary thyroid carcinoma), PLR served as a protective factor (OR= 0.475, P=0.004), while LYM and MHR were identified as risk factors[for LYM: OR=1.605, P=0.044; for MHR: OR=2.659, P<0.001]. Conversely, in male patients, PLR and MHR found to be protective factors[ (OR= 0.280, P=0.011), (OR=0.312, P=0.029) ]. The AUC values for MHR in female and male PTC patients were 0.548 and 0.652, respectively, suggesting a higher diagnostic value of the MHR indicator in female PTC patients compared to their male counterparts. The AUC areas of MHR in male and female PTC patients were 0.548 and 0.652, respectively, indicating that the diagnostic value of MHR indicators in female PTC patients is higher than that in males.

MHR is associated with the occurrence of thyroid papillary carcinoma, and is an independent risk factor in women, while a protective factor in men.

Surgery is one of the main means of treating colorectal cancer. However, patients with colorectal cancer need to face many physical and psychological problems after surgery, which seriously affects patients' treatment outcomes and quality of life, so how to carry out effective postoperative management is extremely important. Objective To investigate the effectiveness of an integrated hospital-community-patient chronic disease management pathway intervention for postoperative colorectal cancer patients. Methods Based on different postoperative interventions, colorectal cancer patients were divided into a control group (n=40) and a co-management group (n=36) , with the control group implementing conventional postoperative interventions and the co-management group following a constructed integrated chronic disease pathway for co-management. Changes in laboratory indices, recurrent metastasis, death, postoperative complications, quality of life, and anxiety were compared between the two groups before and after surgery. Results Retrospectively selected 80 patients with colorectal cancer who were discharged from the Department of General Surgery at Yangpu Hospital, affiliated with Tongji University, between January 2021 and April 2022, as study subjects. At 3 and 6 months postoperatively, patients in the co-management group had lower carcinoembryonic antigen levels than patients in the control group (P<0.001) . The incidence of recurrent metastases was not significantly different from that of the control group at 3 months postoperatively (P>0.05) , while at 6 months postoperatively, the incidence of recurrent metastases was lower in the co-management group than in the control group (5.6% vs. 22.5%, χ²=4.395, P=0.036) ; in addition, the incidence of complications was lower in the co-management group than in the control group at both 3 and 6 months postoperatively (0 vs. 16.2%, χ²=3.981, P=0.046; 5.6% vs. 25.0%, χ²=5.388, P=0.020) . However, the difference in mortality at 6 months postoperatively between the two groups was not significant (2.8% vs. 7.5%, χ²=0.165, P=0.685) . In quality of life scores at 6 months and 1 year postoperatively, the co-management group was higher than control patients (P<0.05) , and the anxiety scores were lower in the co-management group than in the control patients (P<0.05) . Conclusion The integrated hospital-community-patient chronic disease management pathway can reduce postoperative complications, decrease recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer, improve quality of life, and improve anxiety symptoms, and is of great value to the prognosis of postoperative colorectal cancer patients.

Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the common malignant tumors that poses a threat to female health. The screening and prevention strategies of CC vary in different regions. The economic and cultural levels in the Xinjiang region differ significantly from those in other areas. It is of practical significance to identify CC screening efficacy in this region, thus favoring the modification of CC screening program.

To compare and analyze the CC screening results in Shihezi city, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2021, and to understand the distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection and the changes in cervical lesion detection in this region.

CC screening in Shihezi city was conducted in a three-year interval. We retrospectively collected the screening data of 68 300 women from 2019 to 2021, who underwent hrHPV-based screening in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi City People's Hospital, and Shihezi Maternal and Child Health Hospital. The distribution of hrHPV infection and the changes in cervical lesion detection from 2019 to 2021 were compared and analyzed.

A total of 18 378, 28 616 and 21 306 individuals were screened for CC in 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively. The hrHPV-positive rate in 2021 and 2022 was significantly lower than that in 2019 [9.90% (2 109/21 306) vs 9.13% (2 612/28 616) vs 15.32% (2 816/18 378), P<0.017]. The hrHPV 52 type and hrHPV 16 type had the highest positive rates for three consecutive years in Shihezi city. The rate of thin-layer cytology (TCT) examination for non-HPV 16/18 types in 2021 and 2020 was significantly higher than that in 2019 [88.61% (1 502/1 695) vs 74.70% (1 559/2 087) vs 48.90% (1 090/2 229), P<0.017]. Among women who underwent vaginal colposcopy, the positive pathology rate of LSIL (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) and above was the highest in 2021 [52.80% (217/411) ], followed by that in 2020 [41.42% (239/577) ] and the lowest in 2019 [28.53% (107/375) ] (P<0.017) .

The hrHPV-positive rate in Shihezi city, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region showed certain decline from 2019 to 2021, but hrHPV 52 type and hrHPV 16 type remained the main infection types. Since the initiation of CC screening in 2019, the hrHPV-positive rate has decreased from 15.32% to 9.90%, the TCT examination rate has increased from 48.90% to 88.61%, and the positive rate of cervical lesion detection of LSIL and above has increased from 28.53% to 52.80% from 2019 to 2021. There have been significant improvements in the completion rate of CC screening and the detection rate of cervical lesions.

Cancer is a major traumatic event that causes serious interference in the pursuit of individual's life goals and leads to a variety of emotional disorders. Rational adjustment of life goals is beneficial to rebuild life direction, improve physical and mental health of patients. This paper reviews the current research of domestic and international studies on cancer affecting patients' pursuit of life goals, and summarizes the advances in the existing literature on the goal-adjustment behaviors of cancer patients and the effects on their physical and mental health by literature review. Literature review shows that the impact of cancer diagnosis on patients' pursuit of life goals is mainly manifested in the impact on self-efficacy, goal pursuit ability and goal prioritization. Reasonable goal-adjustment behaviors can help improve patients' physical and mental health, which includes promoting positive emotions, alleviating negative emotions, reducing physical discomfort, and improving quality of life. Therefore, future psychosocial intervention design for the emotional health of cancer patients can be based on guiding patients to replan and regulate their goals, so as to improve patients' emotional health and disease prognosis.

Community health service center is the main gatekeeper for breast cancer screening, while its efficacy of screening is difficult to guarantee for the re-striction of screening process by various factors.

To analyze the focus issue of breast cancer screening program in the real world and explore corresponding solutions.

A mixed-methods convergent design was used to collect quantitative and quali-tative data. In the quantitative study, typical sampling method was used to select one community health service center in each of the four districts of Tianjin as the investigation institution from April 2021 to November 2022, accidental sampling method was used to select age-eligible women within 3 km of the four institutions as resident survey respondents, so as to explore the issues existing in the on-site operation of breast cancer screening. In the qualitative study, 9 residents, 12 physicians participating in the screening and 4 leaders were selected through purposive sampling from June to November 2022 for semi-structured in-terviews. The grounded theory was used to analyze the interview content, and the grounded theory framework of the focus issues of breast cancer screening was plotted. Combined with literature and typical investigation data, a mixed methods study was conducted to determine the focus issues of breast cancer screening.

The quantitative study showed that in the advocacy work, the promotion method is traditional, the awareness rate and participation rate of residents was 46.3% (143/309) and 32.4% (100/309) , respectively; in the screening work, the institutions invested different human and material resources, and the average waiting time of screening residents accounted for 62.2% (40.5/65.1) of the total time; in the follow-up and referral work, the invested human and material resources were little, the mammography referral compliance of residents was 29.9% (59/197) . The qualitative study showed that a total of 38 comprehensive open codes were formed in the interview and converged into 10 axial codes and 3 core codes, including advocacy organization, screening organization, follow-up and referral. The mixed methods study showed that 3 focus issues were identified in final, including how to improve residents' participation rate, how to ensure adequate human and material resources in screening institutions, and how to improve residents' mammography referral compliance.

The efficacy of breast cancer screening is influenced by advocacy organization, screening organization, follow-up and referral. It is necessary to rationally allocate resources to ensure adequate human and material resources for screening institutions; innovate promotion methods, expand coverage of promotion and improve residents' health literacy, participation rates and mammography referral compliance, to ensure the substantial progress of breast cancer screening and provide reference for opti-mizing the efficacy of breast cancer screening.

Due to many barriers, it is difficult for primary medical institutions to ensure substantial achievements in breast cancer screening. So it is particularly important to establish a system for scientifically and effectively assessing the capacities of primary care institutions in conducting breast cancer screening.

To construct a system for assessing the capacities of primary care institutions for conducting breast cancer screening.

From September to October 2022, through literature review and group discussion, we developed an item pool of the initial version of Breast Cancer Screening Capacity Assessment System for Primary Care Institutions (BCSCASPCI) . Then we conducted an online Delphi survey between November and December 2022 using a self-developed questionnaire with a purposive sample of 21 experts for understanding their views regarding the initial version of BCSCASPCI, and the response coefficient, authority coefficient, and the Kendall's W of the survey were calculated. Finally, based on the results of the survey and a group discussion, the final version of the BCSCASPCI was determined. The Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to determine the weight coefficients of its indicators and to examine the logical consistency of indicators.

All the experts returned effective questionnaires, achieving a response rate of 100.0%, and the authority coefficient was 0.812, and the Kendall's W was 0.209 (P<0.001) . The final version of the BCSCASPCI consists of 3 primary indicators (structure, process, and outcome) , 10 secondary indicators, and 56 tertiary indicators. The weight coefficients of the 3 primary indicators were 0.310 8, 0.195 8 and 0.493 4, respectively. The consistency ratios of indicators at each level were <0.100.

Our BCSCASPCI has proven to be highly authoritative and scientific, and is expected to provide guidance and reference for studies related to breast cancer screening capacity assessment. But the applicability and application effects of the system still needs further verification.

The low coverage rate of breast cancer screening has affected the prevention and control effect of breast cancer in China. Factors related to the screening coverage rate include multiple aspects of the screening implementation process.

Based on the implementation process of breast cancer screening in China, this study aims to simulate the changes in the breast cancer screening coverage rate before and after the implement optimization measures to provide suggestions for optimizing the breast cancer screening coverage rate in China.

From July to September 2022, we systematically searched the journal literature on female breast cancer screening in four databases, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Data to collate and summarize the relevant influencing factors of women's screening behaviors. Collating and analysing the breast cancer screening pathways and systematic subjects of breast cancer screening in China based on the official documents of the relevant governmental websites on breast cancer screening. Based on China's breast cancer screening pathways, screening subjects and screening behavioral correlates, we constructed the causality diagram of the breast cancer screening coverage and the stock flow diagram of the system dynamics of the breast cancer screening coverage. Simulating the effects of some optimisation strategies for breast cancer screening coverage in China, 2010-2040.

The model simulates previous screening strategies and policy resource environment. Breast cancer screening coverage gradually increased to 40% between 2010 and 2013. From 2013 to 2040, it fluctuates between 40% and 45%, showing a trend of slow decline at first and then a slow rise. Policy intervention scenarios, based on the improved population's screening intention and screening accessibility strategy, respectively simulated five kinds of optimization measures of breast cancer screening coverage rate from 2024. The five measures are as follows: (1) focusing on publicity and education, (2) standardizing the quality of screening services, (3) controlling per-case screening costs, (4) doubling the number of special breast cancer screening slots, (5) standardizing the quality of screening services and controlling per-case screening costs. The measure of focusing on publicity and education will increase rapidly coverage rate during 2024-2030 to 60.38%, then increase slowly to 66.04% during 2031-2040. The screening coverage rate will rapidly increase to 60.27% before 2029, after standardizing the quality of screening services. Then it will slowly increase to 66.04% from 2030 to 2040. After controlling per-case screening costs, the screening coverage rate will increase from 46.95% to 54.17% in 2024-2026. Then the screening coverage rate up to 58.95% in 2027-2040. Compared with no optimization measures during 2024-2040, doubling the number of special breast cancer screening slots will only increase the screening coverage rate by 1%-2%. The screening coverage rate in 2024-2040 increased from 46.95% to 86.79%, after standardizing the quality of screening services and controlling per-case screening costs.

Breast cancer screening coverage is projected to fluctuate from 41.7% to 46.0% in China from 2024 to 2040. Improving screening intention or accessibility can improve screening coverage, but the two optimization measures have their own upper limits. Meanwhile, in the Chinese population, the optimization measures to improve screening intention are better than the optimization measures to improve screening accessibility. Combined optimization measures to improve population's screening intention and screening accessibility can break through the upper limit of their respective promotion and have a better effect on improving screening coverage.

The elderly colorectal cancer population has a high prevalence and complex condition, and postoperative rehabilitation faces various challenges. It is of great significance to construct a scientific, practical and comprehensive postoperative health management program for colorectal cancer in the elderly to improve patients' health.

To construct a comprehensive health management program for elderly postoperative colorectal cancer patients, and provide reference for postoperative rehabilitation of elderly colorectal cancer patients.

Based on literature review and qualitative interviews, the management program for elderly postoperative colorectal cancer patients was initially formulated. The Delphi method was used to conduct 2 rounds of correspondence with 16 experts from tertiary hospitals in Nanjing and Shanghai. The motivation degree of the experts was evaluated based on questionnaire recovery rate and text revision rate. Furthermore, the authority coefficient was used to evaluate the degree of expert authority, while the coefficient of variation and Kendall's W coefficient were used to evaluate the coordination of expert opinions. Based on opinions and discussion of experts, the ultimate formation of the health management program for elderly postoperative colorectal cancer patients was constructed after adjusting the content of entries.

The recovery rates of the two rounds of expert correspondence were 94.12% and 100.00%, respectively. The text revision rates were 56.25%, and the authority coefficient was 0.91. The mean importance scores of items in the two rounds of the consultation ranged from 3.81 to 5.00 and 4.13 to 5.00, with the coefficients of variation from 0 to 0.24 and 0 to 0.20. The Kendall's W coefficients of expert opinions were 0.211 and 0.222, respectively (P<0.001), with an improvement observed in the second round compared to the first round. After two rounds of expert correspondence and the expert group discussion, the final management program for elderly postoperative colorectal cancer patients was determined, including 9 primary items (team building, psychological support, physical activity, stoma care, nutritional intervention, TCM rehabilitation techniques, peer education, treatment and follow-up, self-management) and 39 secondary items.

The health management program constructed in this study for elderly postoperative colorectal cancer patients is scientific, reliable, applicable and practical, and can provide guidance for rehabilitation of elderly patients after colorectal cancer surgery.

As a common malignant tumor, prostate cancer (PCa) poses a significant threat to the well-being of men worldwide. The prognosis of PCa is intricately linked to the grade and stage of the tumor at the time of initial detection. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a key biomarker for evaluating prostate health, yet lacks specificity for prostate cancer tumors. Elevated PSA levels can also be caused by benign prostate diseases. And the indiscriminate use of biopsy resulting in overdiagnosis. Hence, the development of a prostate cancer risk prediction model based on pre-biopsy clinical indicators in patients can serve as a valuable tool for early screening of individuals with suspicious findings warranting biopsy.

To examine the individual risk factors associated with positive prostate biopsy outcomes and develop a risk assessment model for predicting positive biopsy results in PCa screening.

A total of 1 138 patients who underwent prostate biopsy in the Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from January 2011 to June 2023 were gathered and organized. Following the exclusion of 351 cases with inadequate clinical data, the remaining 787 cases were randomly allocated into a training set and validation set in a 7∶3 ratio by R software. Patient demographics and routine biochemical test results prior to biopsy were compiled, with PCa diagnosis determined based on the outcomes of the biopsy. LASSO regression analysis in the R software was utilized to identify independent risk factors associated with the development of PCa based on biochemical indicators. Subsequently, multivariate logistic regression analysis in SPSS software was employed to construct an early screening and predictive model for PCa, with a Nomogram being generated. The model was validated according to the data of training set and validation set.

The study utilized LASSO regression analysis to identify 6 independent risk factors associated with positive prostate biopsy results, including age, total PSA (tPSA), alkaline phosphatase, serum protein level, Ca²⁺, and urea. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals aged 60 years or older (OR=3.769, 95%CI=2.393-5.937), with tPSA levels of 10 μg/L or higher (OR=2.259, 95%CI=1.419-3.596), and alkaline phosphatase levels exceeding 45 U/L (45-<125 U/L, OR=20.136, 95%CI=4.419-91.752; ≥125 U/L, OR=45.691, 95%CI=9.199-226.951) were at increased risk for positive prostate biopsy outcomes (P<0.05). Conversely, higher levels of serum total protein (≥65 g/L, OR=0.086, 95%CI=0.031-0.236), Ca²⁺ (≥2.11 mmol/L, OR=0.148, 95%CI=0.054-0.403), and urea (≥9.5 mmol/L, OR=0.069, 95%CI=0.019-0.252) were found to be protective factors against positive prostate biopsy results (P<0.05). Based on the identification of 6 independent risk factors exhibiting statistically significant differences, a nomogram was constructed and a predictive model was developed. The predictive model yielded an Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.778 (95%CI=0.740-0.816) for PCa in the training set, with a sensitivity of 53.2% and a specificity of 85.5%. In the validation cohort, the AUC for PCa was 0.770 (95%CI=0.708-0.832), with a sensitivity of 61.2% and a specificity of 80.0%. The goodness of fit test indicated P=0.543 in the training set and P=0.372 in the validation set, demonstrating a satisfactory level of fit. The discriminant analysis (DCA) demonstrated that the high-risk threshold in the training set was below 10%, while in the validation set it was approximately 15%, indicating valuable implications for clinical practice.

This study developed a PCa nomogram risk prediction model incorporating 6 biochemical indicators, namely age, tPSA, alkaline phosphatase, serum total protein, Ca²⁺, and urea, prior to prostate biopsy, to effectively forecast PCa risk in patients with favorable early screening outcomes.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most heterogeneous and aggressive malignant tumors of the digestive system. Traditional chemotherapy drugs and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) targeted drugs such as Trastuzumab still have the disadvantages of high incidence of drug resistance, high toxic side effects and poor tolerance of patients. Therefore, it is imperative to develop more effective anti GC drugs. Novel targeted drugs against HER2 are currently available, but are ineffective or resistance in some cases, which is related to the low expression of HER2 (HER2 IHC1+ or IHC2+/ISH-) in certain GC cells, accounting for about 40%-60% of all types. However, in clinical practice, these patients are still reported as HER2-negative GC. Therefore, accurate detection of HER2 expression is crucial to identify patients who may benefit from trastuzumab therapy. The emergence of antibody drug conjugates (ADC) provides a new therapeutic option for HER2-positive GC and it is expected to replace traditional GC chemotherapy in the future by its precise and efficient anti-tumor effect. Recent studies have found that ADC may have potential anti-tumor activity in HER2 low-expression GC, and related clinical studies are evaluating its effectiveness and safety in HER2 low-expression GC treatment. This article reviews the application and the latest research progress of ADC in HER2 low-expression GC patients in the era of targeted therapy and discusses the challenges faced in the application and development of HER2-targeted ADCs.

Locally advanced gastric cancer mainly includes stage Ⅲ gastric cancer, which is mainly treated with comprehensive therapy. Postoperative recurrence is a key factor affecting the prognosis of patients.

To explore the influencing factors of long-term prognosis in patients with stage Ⅲ gastric cancer undergoing D2 radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.

Gastric cancer patients who underwent D2 radical surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy were collected from the Department of Radiotherapy at Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University from 2009 to 2014. They were pathologically diagnosed with stage Ⅲ gastric cancer according to the International Union of Cancer (UICC) and American Cancer Federation (AJCC) 8th edition TNM staging system for gastric cancer. All postoperative patients were followed up every 3 months in the first year, every 6 months for the following 2 years, and once a year thereafter. The deadline for follow-up is December 15, 2021. Survival rates of subgroups were compared using Log-rank tests.The influencing factors of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, and the prediction of clinicopathological features were analyzed by Nomogram. Comparison of survival differences among patients with different pTNM stagings, age, metastatic lymph node radios (LNR), and gastrectomy methods using Kaplan-Meier method.

A total of 135 qualified patients were included, with a median follow-up time of 10.48 years. Within 5 years, there were 70 cases of recurrence and 62 deaths. The 5-year DFS rate and OS rate were 48.1% (65/135) and 54.1% (73/135), respectively; Within 10 years, there were 74 cases of recurrence and 74 deaths. The 10-year DFS rate nd OS rate were both 45.2% (61/135). The Log-rank test results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in 5-year survival rates among patients with different pTNM stagings, pT stagings, LNRs, cancer nodules, tumor locations, and gastrectomy methods (P<0.05). The 10-year survival rates of patients with different pTNM stagings, pT stagings, LNRs, nerve infiltrations, and gastrectomy methods were compared, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that pTNM staging (Stage ⅢA, OS: HR=0.40, 95%CI=0.19-0.83; DFS: HR=0.40, 95%CI=0.19-0.92), LNR (>50%, OS: HR=1.74, 95%CI=1.03-2.94; DFS: HR=1.73, 95%CI=1.02-2.94), and gastrectomy method (total gastrectomy, OS: HR=2.07, 95%CI=1.22-3.50; DFS: HR=2.02, 95%CI=1.20-3.41) were independent influencing factors for OS and DFS in patients with stageⅢ gastric cancer undergoing D2 radical surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy (P<0.05), while age (≤ 40 years, HR=2.19, 95%CI=1.06-4.53) was an independent influencing factor for OS. Moreover, nomogram indicated that age, pTNM staging, LNR, and gastrectomy method have good predictive effects on the prognosis. For recurrence, 10 cases (7.4%) experienced local recurrence (recurrence of anastomotic sites and lymph nodes within the radiation field), 35 cases (25.9%) experienced abdominal and pelvic dissemination of implants, and 37 cases (27.4%) experienced distant metastasis (including lung, liver, bone, brain and other organs) ; Some patients had two or more types of recurrence. The postoperative survival curves of stageⅢ gastric cancer patients with different pTNM stagings, age, LNRs, and gastrectomy methods were compared, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) .

Most patients with stageⅢ gastric cancer who undergo adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after D2 radical surgery experience recurrence or death within 5 years. pTNM staging, LNR, and gastrectomy method are factors that affect the prognosis of these patients.

Gallbladder cancer is featured by difficult early detection, poor treatment effectiveness and high mortality. An in-depth epidemiology research of gallbladder cancer can provide valuable data for the formulation of prevention and treatment strategies for gallbladder cancer.

To analyze the trend of disease burden of gallbladder cancer in China from 1990 to 2019, and to estimate its onset age, period, cohort effects and future trends.

Data of disease burden of gallbladder cancer, including the incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability adjusted life year (DALYs) rate and corresponding standardized rates in China from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Research (GBD 2019) database from March to June 2023. The annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were calculated using Joinpoint to analyze the trend of disease burden of gallbladder cancer in China from 1990 to 2019. A Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis (BAPC) model was created to predict the incidence of gallbladder cancer in China from 2020 to 2030.

From 1990 to 2019, the standardized incidence rate of gallbladder cancer in China significantly rose from 1.58/100 000 in 1990 to 2.01/100 000 in 2019, with the AAPC of 0.82% (95%CI=0.65%-1.00%, P<0.001). The standardized prevalence significantly rose from 1.64/100 000 in 1990 to 2.40/100 000 in 2019, with the AAPC of 1.34% (95%CI=1.14%-1.54%, P<0.001). The standardized mortality significantly rose from 1.61/100 000 in 1990 to 1.82/100 000 in 2019, with the AAPC of 0.40% (95%CI=0.24%-0.56%, P<0.001). The standardized DALYs rate significantly rose from 35.18/100 000 in 1990 to 37.71/100 000 in 2019, with the AAPC of 0.25% (95%CI=0.12%-0.38%, P<0.001). The BAPC model revealed that the net drift values for the incidence and mortality of gallbladder cancer in China from 1990 to 2019 were 0.99 (95%CI=0.81-1.18) and 0.42 (95%CI=0.21-0.63), respectively. The incidence and mortality of gallbladder cancer increased with age, and the incidence of gallbladder cancer achieved the peak in people aged 80 years and above. The risk of onset and death of gallbladder cancer showed a decreasing trend at first and then an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend over time, both of which peaked from 2005 to 2009. In addition, the risk of onset and death of gallbladder cancer showed an increasing trend at first and then a decreasing trend over the time of birth cohort. The BAPC model predicted that the standardized incidence, morbidity, mortality and DALYs rate of gallbladder cancer in China will show a slight upward trend from 2020 to 2030.

From 1990 to 2019, the standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality and DALYs rate of gallbladder cancer in China showed an upward trend, and the disease burden was still serious. The prevention and treatment of gallbladder cancer among men and the elderly, and vigorous propaganda of medical knowledge about cancer prevention, biliary disease control and promotion of healthy lifestyles should be strengthen to reduce the disease burden of gallbladder cancer.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main pathological type of primary liver cancer (PLC) and is closely associated with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. HCC in its early stages often presents no significant symptoms and is usually discovered at an advanced stage with liver, portal vein, or other site metastases, leading to a poor prognosis. Regular screening and early diagnosis in high-risk populations in the early stages of the disease are of great significance for clinical treatment and prognosis.

To explore the application value of oligosaccharides and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the risk population and patients of HBV-related HCC, providing a reference for clinical diagnosis.

The study included 165 chronic HBV infection patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January to November 2022, comprising 123 non-HCC and 42 HCC patients. Patient data (age, gender, cirrhosis status), laboratory indices[total bilirubin (TB), albumin (ALB), platelet count (PLT), AFP]were collected through electronic medical records, and a liver cancer risk prediction model score for chronic liver disease patients (aMAP score) was calculated, along with oligosaccharide marker test results (G-Test). HCC patients were classified as the HCC group (42 cases), and non-HCC patients were divided based on aMAP scores into low-risk (<50 points, 40 cases), medium-risk (50-60 points, 44 cases), and high-risk (>60 points, 39 cases) groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to analyze the efficacy of AFP, G-Test, and their combined diagnosis of HCC, calculating the area under the ROC curve (AUC), and the DeLong test was used to compare the differences between combined and single indicator AUCs. Kappa consistency tests were used to analyze the consistency of AFP and G-Test with clinical diagnostic results.

In patients with HCC, levels of AFP and G-Test were higher compared to those in the low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk groups (P<0.05). Additionally, age and the proportion of liver cirrhosis were higher than those in the low-risk and medium-risk groups, ALB levels was lower than that of low risk group and medium risk group and TB levels were lower than those in the high-risk group, while PLT was lower than that in the low-risk group (P<0.05). In the high-risk group, patients exhibited higher age, TB, and G-Test levels compared to the low-risk and medium-risk groups, whereas ALB and PLT levels were lower than those in the low-risk and medium-risk groups, and the proportion of liver cirrhosis was higher than that in the low-risk group (P<0.05). Patients in the medium-risk group showed higher age and liver cirrhosis proportion compared to the low-risk group, and PLT was lower than that in the low-risk group (P<0.05). The AUCs for diagnosing HCC using AFP and G-Test were 0.796 (95%CI=0.706-0.886, P<0.001) and 0.878 (95%CI=0.813-0.943, P<0.001), respectively. The AUC for the combined diagnosis was 0.901 (95%CI=0.844-0.957, P<0.001). DeLong test results showed that the AUC for combined diagnosis was higher than AFP alone (Z=2.104, P=0.035). Consistency analysis showed that the concordance rate of AFP with clinical diagnosis was 84.8% (140/165), with moderate consistency (Kappa=0.539, P<0.001), and for G-Test, it was 89.5% (145/165), indicating higher consistency (Kappa=0.704, P<0.001). The AUC of G-Test in diagnosing AFP-negative HCC was 0.895 (95%CI=0.839-0.952, P<0.001) .

Oligosaccharide chain markers can be used as a complementary detection marker for AFP-negative HCC patients as a potential serum biomarker with better diagnostic efficacy than AFP in patients with HBV-related HCC.

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) with distant metastasis generally forecasts a poor prognosis. Timely diagnosis and effective treatment of distant metastasis are pivotal and challenging in clinical practice. Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) is a marker for monitoring tumor residue or recurrence/metastasis post-surgery and post-¹³¹I therapy in DTC. Thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) are autoantibodies against Tg that can potentially interfere with Tg measurement. Presently, literature on ¹³¹I treatment of TgAb positive DTC with distant metastasis is sparse.

To investigate the efficacy of ¹³¹I therapy in TgAb positive DTC with distant metastasis.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 189 DTC patients treated with ¹³¹I from January 2017 to January 2022 at the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Pre-treatment and follow-up measurements of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Tg, and TgAb were collected. Patients were categorized into TgAb positive (29 cases) and TgAb negative (160 cases) groups. The efficacy of ¹³¹I therapy was evaluated. Serum thyroid hormones and routine blood tests were conducted 6-8 weeks post-¹³¹I therapy, followed by biannual or annual follow-ups including serum thyroid hormones, Tg, TSH, TgAb, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), neck ultrasound, and CT scans of metastatic sites.

Statistical significance (P<0.05) was observed in the comparison of distant metastatic sites, TPOAb, and pre-first ¹³¹I therapy TgAb levels between the TgAb positive and negative groups. In the TgAb positive group, disease was controlled in 14 patients (48.2%), while 15 patients (51.8%) showed disease progression; in the TgAb negative group, 127 patients (79.4%) showed disease control and 33 patients (20.6%) showed progression. The rate of disease progression in the TgAb positive group was significantly higher than in the TgAb negative group (χ²=7.148, P=0.008) .

The rate of disease progression in serum TgAb positive DTC with distant metastasis is significantly higher than in TgAb negative patients; differences in metastatic sites, TPOAb, and pre-first ¹³¹I therapy TgAb levels were observed between the groups.

Colorectal cancer has become the third most prevalent malignant tumor in Jiading district of Shanghai, and its disease burden is still increasing.

To analyze the epidemic trend of colorectal cancer in Jiading district of Shanghai from 2003 to 2019 and provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.

Based on the cancer registration data from 2003 to 2019 in Jiading district of Shanghai, the statistical indicators such as crude incidence rate, crude mortality rate, standardized incidence rate and standardized mortality rate were calculated (the rate was standardized using the Chinese standard population of 2010). Joinpoint Regression Program 4.9.1.0 software was used to analyze the trends of incidence rate and mortality rate.

From 2003 to 2019, there were 5 020 new cases of colorectal cancer in Jiading district of Shanghai, with a crude incidence rate of 52.12/100 000, a standardized incidence rate of 26.27/100 000; there were 2 419 deaths, with a crude mortality rate of 25.12/100 000, and a standardized mortality rate of 11.16/100 000; with males having higher crude incidence and crude mortality rates than females (P<0.05). There was an overall upward trend in the total population standardized incidence rate (APC=2.63%, P<0.05), with an increasing trend in the male standardized incidence rate (APC=3.48%, P<0.05), and no significant trend in the female standardized incidence rate (APC=1.39%, P=0.119), while no turning point was found. There was no significant trend in the total population standardized mortality rate (APC=-0.49%, P=0.250), of which there was no significant trend in the male standardized mortality rate (APC=0.34%, P=0.545), and a decreasing trend in the female standardized mortality rate (APC=-1.94%, P<0.05) .

From 2003 to 2019, the overall incidence rate of colorectal cancer in Jiading district of Shanghai still increased, among which there was an upward trend in males and no significant change in the trend for females. There was no significant trend in the overall mortality rate, among which there was no significant change in males and a downward trend in females. The prevention and control of colorectal cancer should continue to be strengthened, with a focus on the male population.

Dyslipidemia may be related to the occurrence and development of colorectal tumors. Numerous studies have confirmed that dyslipidemia increases the risk of colorectal adenomas at present; however, the association of dyslipidemia with colorectal serrated lesions and colorectal cancer is still controversial, and there are few relevant reviews in China. This article comprehensively explores the correlation of dyslipidemia with colorectal serrated lesions and colorectal cancer, analyzes the possible causes of controversy, identifies the directions of subsequent researches, and discusses the role of dyslipidemia in the occurrence and progression of colorectal tumors. This article indicates that dyslipidemia is associated with colorectal serrated lesions and colorectal cancer. Dyslipidemia may be involved in the development of colorectal tumors through the interaction of multiple mechanisms such as insulin resistance, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, high-fat diet and immunosuppression. The incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing yearly with a relatively slower natural course and more definite precancerous lesions. Therefore, the clarification of correlation between lipid indexes and colorectal tumors can facilitate early prevention and targeted screening of colorectal tumors and provide a reference for formulating targeted prevention strategies for colorectal cancer.

Lung cancer is the most leading cause of global cancer mortality, underscores the critical importance of early screening and intervention to improve the prognosis and survival time and the overall survival rates of patients. For decades, lung cancer screening guidelines have been continuously updated based on the developed evidence. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has comprehensively updated the recommendations for lung cancer screening in the 2021 version of guideline, assessed the balance of benefits and harms of lung cancer screening through a systematic review and collaborative modeling studies, and scrutinized the performance of tests using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for lung cancer screening. The guideline provides latest information on the start and finish time of lung cancer screening, optimal screening intervals, the relative benefits and risks of different screening strategies and updated recommendations. This article aims to interpret the updated guideline and provide recommendations for lung cancer screening in China, taking into account the epidemiology of lung cancer at home and abroad, reports on risk factors, summaries of updates to current guidelines or expert consensus, and the current status of screening.

Cancer is a significant global public health issue. With the continuous increase in cancer incidence rates and the prolonged survival time of cancer patients, the number of cancer survivors is also steadily rising. Cancer survivors face complex challenges in terms of physical, psychological, and social care, and their care services require effective coordination and integration across disciplines, sectors, and domains. Establishing integrated care model for cancer survivors has become an important strategy for addressing the challenges of survivorship care globally. However, the development of cancer survivorship care in China has been relatively lagging. This article synthesizes and summarizes the conceptual frameworks, characteristics and practical application of several representative integrated care models for survivorships. Based on China's healthcare service system, recommendations for designing and implementing integrated care strategies for cancer survivorships in China are proposed from five aspects: establishing consensus, pilot testing and exploration, workforce development, strengthening primary care, and policy support.