Chinese General Practice ›› 2026, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (33): 4876-4884.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2025.0148

• Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Study on the Correlation between Phase Angle and Abnormal Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Overweight/Obese Patients and Its Predictive Value

  

  1. Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, China
  • Received:2025-06-05 Revised:2026-02-24 Published:2026-11-20 Online:2026-10-21
  • Contact: ZHANG Jin

相位角与超重/肥胖患者糖脂代谢异常的相关性及其预测价值研究

  

  1. 100091 北京市,中国中医科学院西苑医院
  • 通讯作者: 张晋
  • 作者简介:

    作者贡献:

    李纪新提出研究思路,设计研究方案与研究命题,负责数据收集、清洗及统计学分析,负责论文起草、最终版本修订,对论文负责;邱林杰参与研究思路与研究方案设计,负责研究过程实施与资料采集,参与论文起草与修改;任燕负责研究过程实施,参与数据收集与质量控制,参与论文修改;李美洁、邹姹姹、吴梓敬负责数据收集与清洗,参与统计结果整理与表格制作,参与论文起草;王文茹、杨振宇、刘峰兆参与研究方案设计与质量控制,参与结果解释与论文修改,参与最终版本审阅;张晋提出研究思路,设计研究方案,指导研究实施与关键方法学把关,负责最终版本修订,对论文负责。

  • 基金资助:
    北京薪火传承3+3项目(2023-SZ-A51); 国家重点研发计划子课题(2018YFC2000600); 中国中医科学院科技创新工程(CI2021A03005); 中国中医科学院西苑医院具有知识产权的医疗机构制剂和中药新药的研发与转化专项任务(XYZY0301-16)

Abstract:

Background

Overweight/obese individuals are prone to concomitant glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, which may further induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, identifying simple, effective, and cost-efficient methods for early detection of glucose and lipid metabolism abnormalities in overweight/obese populations is of significant importance. Phase angle (PhA) holds potential clinical value due to its non-invasive nature, simplicity, and ability to reflect health status.

Objective

To investigate the correlation between PhA and glucose/lipid metabolism abnormalities in overweight/obese patients, as well as its predictive value.

Methods

A total of 1 034 overweight/obese patients undergoing health examinations at Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from 2021 to 2024 were enrolled. Participants were categorized based on the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and dyslipidemia: non-T2DM group (n=736) and T2DM group (n=298), non-dyslipidemic group (n=382) and dyslipidemic group (n=652). Patient data were collected and compared. Logistic regression and linear regression models were employed to analyze the correlation between PhA and the risk of T2DM, as well as its association with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels. Additionally, the relationship between PhA and the risk of dyslipidemia, along with its correlation with total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Interaction tests were performed based on gender, age, smoking history, and alcohol consumption history. ROC curves were used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of PhA for T2DM and dyslipidemia risk in overweight/obese patients.

Results

This study included 1 034 overweight/obese patients, comprising 546 males (52.80%) and 488 females (47.20%), with a mean age of (51.8±15.3) years. Among them, 298 patients had T2DM and 652 had dyslipidemia. Comparisons of gender, age, weight, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, LDL-C, FPG, TG, HDL-C, PhA, smoking history, and drinking history between different glucose and lipid metabolism abnormality groups showed statistically significant differences (P<0.05). After adjusting for relevant variables, logistic regression analysis revealed that for each unit increase in PhA among overweight/obese patients, the risk of T2DM and dyslipidemia decreased to 37% (OR=0.37, 95%CI=0.31-0.46, P<0.01) and 42% (OR=0.42, 95%CI=0.35-0.52, P<0.01). Linear regression analysis revealed that for each unit increase in PhA among overweight/obese patients, FPG levels decreased by 0.39 units (β=-0.39, 95%CI=-0.48 to -0.29, P<0.01), while TC, TG, and LDL-C levels decreased by 0.15 (β=-0.15, 95%CI=-0.22 to -0.09), 0.42 (β=-0.42, 95%CI=-0.49 to -0.35), and 0.12 (β=-0.12, 95%CI=-0.23 to -0.01) (P<0.05), respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that elevated PhA levels conferred greater benefits in improving glucose and lipid metabolism among patients aged ≥52 years and non-drinkers (Pinteraction<0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for PhA in predicting T2DM and dyslipidemia risk in overweight/obese patients was 0.737 (95%CI=0.702-0.772) and 0.662 (95%CI=0.628-0.696), respectively, with optimal cutoff values of 4.15° and 5.15°.

Conclusion

PhA negatively correlates with the risk of T2DM and dyslipidemia in overweight/obese patients and demonstrates good predictive efficacy for abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. It can be used for early identification of T2DM and dyslipidemia in overweight/obese patients.

Key words: Overweight, Obesity, Phase angle, Diabetes mellitus, type 2, Dyslipidemia, Correlation study, Predictive value

摘要:

背景

超重/肥胖人群易伴有糖脂代谢紊乱,且会进一步诱发心脑血管疾病,因此寻找简便、高效的超重/肥胖人群糖脂代谢异常的早期识别方法具有重要意义。相位角(PhA)因其无创、简便、可反映健康水平而具有潜在临床价值。

目的

探究PhA与超重/肥胖患者糖脂代谢异常的相关性及其预测价值。

方法

选取2021—2024年在中国中医科学院西苑医院参加健康体检的1 034例超重/肥胖患者为研究对象。根据超重/肥胖患者是否合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)、血脂异常将其分为非T2DM组(736例)和T2DM组(298例),以及非血脂异常组(382例)和血脂异常组(652例),收集并比较患者资料。采用Logistic回归和多元线性回归模型分析PhA与T2DM患病风险及空腹血糖(FPG)水平的相关性,以及PhA与血脂异常患病风险及总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平的相关性,依据性别、年龄、吸烟史、饮酒史进行交互作用检验。运用ROC曲线评估PhA对于超重/肥胖患者T2DM和血脂异常患病风险的预测效能。

结果

本研究共纳入1 034例超重/肥胖患者,其中男546例(52.80%)、女488例(47.20%),平均年龄(51.8±15.3)岁,包含T2DM患者298例,血脂异常患者652例。不同糖脂代谢异常分组患者性别、年龄、体质量、BMI、收缩压、舒张压、LDL-C、FPG、TG、HDL-C、PhA、吸烟史、饮酒史比例比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。调整相关变量后,Logistic回归分析结果显示,超重/肥胖患者PhA每上升1个单位,T2DM、血脂异常患病风险降低为原来的37%(OR=0.37,95%CI=0.31~0.46,P<0.01)和42%(OR=0.42,95%CI=0.35~0.52,P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,超重/肥胖患者PhA每上升1个单位,FPG水平降低0.39个单位(β=-0.39,95%CI=-0.48~-0.29,P<0.01),TC、TG、LDL-C水平分别降低0.15(β=-0.15,95%CI=-0.22~-0.09)、0.42(β=-0.42,95%CI=-0.49~-0.35)、0.12(β=-0.12,95%CI=-0.23~-0.01)个单位(P<0.05)。亚组分析结果显示,升高PhA水平对≥52岁及不饮酒的患者在改善糖脂代谢方面获益更多(P交互<0.05)。PhA预测超重/肥胖患者T2DM、血脂异常患病风险的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.737(95%CI=0.702~0.772)、0.662(95%CI=0.628~0.696),最佳截断值分别为4.15°和5.15°。

结论

PhA与超重/肥胖患者T2DM、血脂异常患病风险呈负相关,且对糖脂代谢异常具有较好的预测效能,可用于超重/肥胖患者T2DM和血脂异常的早期识别。

关键词: 超重, 肥胖症, 相位角, 糖尿病,2型, 血脂异常, 相关性研究, 预测价值

CLC Number: