Abstract: Background　With the ongoing changes in lifestyle，the prevalence of metabolic associated fatty liver disease has been increasing year by year. However，public awareness of this condition remains insufficient. Enhancing public knowledge is essential for early prevention and intervention，highlighting the urgent need for related population-based investigations. Objective　To investigate the current awareness of metabolic associated fatty liver disease among the general population in Yunnan Province and analyze the factors affecting this awareness，providing a basis for improving public understanding of fatty liver disease. Methods　A survey was conducted with 963 individuals from 11 regions in Yunnan Province. The questionnaire covered general information（such as residence，gender，age，ethnicity，place of residence，occupation，education level，and income） and fatty liver disease awareness（including epidemiology，causes，risk factors，diagnosis，harm，treatment，and prevention）. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0，and logistic regression was applied to identify factors related to awareness. Results　A total of 975 questionnaires were collected. After eliminating 12 invalid questionnaires，963 valid questionnaires were retrieved，with an effective recovery rate of 98.77%. Out of 963 questionnaires，the overall average awareness accuracy rate was 60.36%. 78.61%（757/963） of respondents correctly recognized the symptoms of fatty liver disease. 80.48% （775/963）believed that both obese and non-obese individuals could develop fatty liver disease. 35.62%（343/963）were aware of the risk groups for fatty liver disease. 25.34%（244/963）had never been screened for fatty liver disease，with 60.25%（147/244）of these individuals having an annual income of less than 50 000 yuan. The correct rates for knowledge about fatty liver disease's causes and risk factors，diagnostic methods，dietary restrictions，preventive measures，and treatment methods were 35.62% （343/963），1.25%（12/963），79.13%（762/963），57.42%（553/963），and 58.36%（562/963），respectively. 39.15%（377/963） believed that careful use of medications，health supplements，and alcohol limitation could reduce liver burden. About 90% could correctly identify the timing for medication（886/963） and medical consultation for fatty liver disease （861/963）. 76.53%（737/963） had a clear understanding of the adverse prognosis of fatty liver disease. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that educational attainment of primary school（OR=2.905，95%CI=1.701-4.961），junior high school（OR=3.791，95%CI=2.318-6.200），and senior high school（OR=2.993，95%CI=1.868-4.795）were risk factors for low awareness of metabolism-related fatty liver disease（P<0.05）；household annual income ranging from 50 000 to less than 100 000（OR=0.547，95%CI=0.375-0.796）and 100 000 to less than 200 000（OR=0.629，95%CI=0.399-0.993）were protective factors for low awareness of metabolism-related fatty liver disease（P<0.05）. Conclusion　The general public has insufficient knowledge about the causes，risk factors，treatment，and prevention of fatty liver disease，and there are significant misconceptions about the diagnosis of liver fat degeneration. Low-income groups severely neglect early screening for the disease， and low education level is independent risk factor for low fatty liver disease awareness，high household income is protective factor for low fatty liver disease awareness.

Key words: Metabolic associated fatty liver disease, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, General population, Awareness, Yunnan province

摘要： 背景　随着生活方式改变，代谢相关脂肪性肝病患病率逐年上升，但公众认知仍不足。提升公众认知水平对早期预防与干预具有重要意义，亟需开展相关调查研究。目的　调查云南省多地区普通人群对代谢相关脂肪性肝病的认知现状，并分析影响认知度的因素，为提高公众对代谢相关脂肪性肝病的正确认知提供依据。方法　本研究于2022年6月—2023年10月通过义诊收集云南省滇东北、滇东南、滇西北、滇西南11个地区（包括保山市、德宏州、红河州、丽江市、临沧市、普洱市、文山州、西双版纳州、昆明市、德宏盈江县、曲靖会泽县）普通人群关于代谢相关脂肪性肝病相关知识的调查问卷。问卷涵盖一般情况（生活地、性别、年龄、民族、居住地、职业、文化程度、收入）和代谢相关脂肪性肝病认知情况（流行病学、病因、危险因素、诊断、危害、治疗、预防）。采用SPSS 25.0进行统计，应用Logistic回归分析探讨认知度相关因素。结果　共收集975份问卷，剔除无效问卷12份，回收有效问卷963份，有效回收率为98.77%。调查对象对代谢相关脂肪性肝病的总体认知正确率为60.36%。78.61%（757/963）正确认知代谢相关脂肪性肝病患病表现，80.48%（775/963）认为肥胖和非肥胖人群均会患代谢相关脂肪性肝病；35.62%（343/963）了解代谢相关脂肪性肝病的危险人群，25.34%（244/963）从未筛查过，其中60.25%（147/244）年收入低于5万；代谢相关脂肪性肝病病因及危险因素、诊断方法、饮食禁忌、预防、治疗的正确率分别为35.62%（343/963）、1.25%（12/963）、79.13%（762/963）、57.42%（553/963）、58.36%（562/963）；39.15%（377/963）认为谨慎使用药物、保健品和限酒可减轻肝脏负担；约90%能正确把握用药（886/963）和就诊时机（861/963）；76.53%（737/963）对代谢相关脂肪性肝病不良预后有清楚认知。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，文化程度为小学（OR=2.905，95%CI=1.701~4.961）、初中（OR=3.791，95%CI=2.318~6.200）、高中（OR=2.993，95%CI=1.868~4.795）是代谢相关脂肪性肝病认知度低的危险因素（P<0.05）；家庭年收入为5万~<10万（OR=0.547，95%CI=0.375~0.796）、10万~<20万（OR=0.629，95%CI=0.399~0.993）是代谢相关脂肪性肝病认知度低的保护因素（P<0.05）。结论　公众在代谢相关脂肪性肝病病因、危险因素、治疗及预防方面认识不足，对肝脏脂肪变性的诊断存在误区。低收入群体严重忽视早期筛查，文化程度低是代谢相关脂肪性肝病认知度低的独立危险因素，家庭年收入高是代谢相关脂肪性肝病认知度低的独立保护因素。

关键词: 代谢相关脂肪性肝病, 非酒精性脂肪肝, 普通人群, 认知度, 云南省