Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD）is a progressive disease. NAFLD，viral hepatitis B，viral hepatitis C， and alcoholic liver disease are the major cause of chronic liver disease in the world. Without effective intervention measures， NAFLD can gradually deteriorate to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis，fatty liver fibrosis，liver cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma，and may become the main cause of end-stage liver disease in the future. The prevalence and incidence of NAFLD are increasing in the world，and the problem is becoming more and more serious. On the basis of relevant data collection and literature research，this article analyzes the epidemiological characteristics in gender and region of NAFLD，and discusses the possible effects of hormones and environment，and other risk factors on NAFLD，so as to provide new ideas for the prevention and control of NAFLD.

摘要： 非酒精性脂肪性肝病是一种进行性疾病，与乙型病毒性肝炎、丙型病毒性肝炎、酒精性肝病共同构成全球慢性肝病的主要病因。非酒精性脂肪性肝病若不进行有效干预，可逐渐恶化为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、脂肪性肝纤维化、肝硬化甚至肝癌等，并可能在将来成为终末期肝病的主要原因。世界范围内，非酒精性脂肪性肝病的患病率、发病率正在不断增加，危害日趋显著。本文在进行大量资料搜集与文献阅读后，对非酒精性脂肪性肝病在性别、地区等方面的流行病学特征进行分析，同时针对激素、环境等危险因素对非酒精性脂肪性肝病可能造成的影响进行讨论，为非酒精性脂肪性肝病预防控制提供新的思路。

关键词: 非酒精性脂肪性肝病, 流行病学, 危险因素, 综述