According to the latest statistics released by the World Health Organization, cardiovascular disease ranks as the leading cause of death worldwide. The number of deaths caused by cardiovascular disease exceeds that of any other diseases, that needs to be tackled by global public health. At the same time, according to statistics released by the World Health Organization in 2022, the prevalence of mental illness in China is as high as 17%. In the past 20 years, the incidence of depression in the Chinese population has increased 120 times. The correlation between cardiovascular disease and mental illness has been found to be significant with an underlying mechanism. This article aims to elucidate advances in the correlation between cardiovascular disease and mental illness, as well as their underlying mechanisms, showing that anxiety and depression are important drivers of cardiovascular disease by causing damage to the heart through the autonomic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, while ischemic cardiomyopathy and myocardial infarction can induce adverse mood and cognitive impairment by mediating ischemic damage and inflammatory responses in the brain. This article can provide additional preventive ideas for patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease, as well as for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with mental illness, and provide a reference for the psycho-cardiology interdiscipline.

根据WHO公布的最新统计数据显示，心血管疾病是全球的头号死因——每年死于心血管疾病的人数多于任何其他疾病，因此心血管疾病研究是世界公共卫生需要攻克的重要难题。与此同时，根据2022年WHO发布的数据统计，中国心理疾病患病率高达17%，近20年，中国人抑郁症发病率增长了120倍，且研究发现心血管疾病和心理疾病之间有着显著的相关性并存在一定的内在机制。本文旨在阐述心血管疾病和心理疾病之间的相关关系及其内在机制最新研究进展，从而发现焦虑症和抑郁症是心血管疾病的重要驱动因素，其可以通过自主神经系统和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴对心脏造成损伤，而缺血性心肌病和心肌梗死可以通过介导脑部缺血性损伤和炎症反应来诱发不良情绪以及认知障碍。本文能够为心血管疾病高风险患者提供更多预防思路，也为心理疾病患者的诊断治疗提供新的研究方向，并为双心学科的交融提供参考。