Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases（CVD）and their risk factors are exerting an increasingly significant impact on public health，and the incidence rate of CVD continues to rise. The economic burden brought by CVD to residents and society is increasing, and it has become a major public health problem, and it is urgent to strengthen the government-led CVD prevention and control work. This article provides an interpretation of essentials from the newly published Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China（2024），aiming to offer scientific evidence for CVD prevention，treatment，and the formulation of relevant policies.

Key words: Cardiovascular diseases, Epidemiology, Burden of disease, Risk factors, Prevalence, Mortality, Rehabilitation, Basic research, Medical device development, Expense

摘要： 心血管疾病（cardiovascular diseases，CVD）及其危险因素对居民健康的影响越加显著，CVD的发病率仍持续升高。CVD给居民和社会带来的经济负担日渐加重，已成为重大的公共卫生问题，加强政府主导的CVD防治工作刻不容缓。本文对最新出版的《中国心血管健康与疾病报告2024》要点内容进行解读，以期为CVD防治和相关政策的制定提供科学依据。

关键词: 心血管疾病, 流行病学, 疾病负担, 危险因素, 患病率, 死亡率, 康复, 基础研究, 器械研发, 费用