Chinese General Practice ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (18): 2238-2244.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0809

Special Issue: 老年问题最新文章合集

• Original Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Association between Air Pollutant Exposure and Dyslipidemia in Middle-aged and Elderly People in Mining Areas

  

  1. 1. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards/School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
    2. The Key Laboratory of Ecological Health and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education/School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
    3. Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
  • Received:2022-10-17 Revised:2022-12-31 Published:2023-06-20 Online:2022-12-02
  • Contact: SHEN Minxue, YANG Fei

矿区空气污染物暴露与中老年人血脂异常的相关性研究

  

  1. 1.421001 湖南省衡阳市,南华大学衡阳医学院公共卫生学院 湖南省典型环境污染与健康危害重点实验室
    2.421001 湖南省衡阳市,南华大学衡阳医学院基础医学院 生态健康与人类重要疾病防控湖南省高校重点实验室
    3.410078 湖南省长沙市,中南大学湘雅公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理学系
  • 通讯作者: 沈敏学, 杨飞
  • 作者简介:
    作者贡献:奉水东负责文章审查和编辑写作以及修订;李君艳负责原稿写作和形式分析以及修订;邓蜀湘、陈立谋、曹梦悦、唐艳、唐鹏、刘俊负责形式分析以及文章的审查、评论;沈敏学负责开展调查、数据管理、资源提供;杨飞负责开展调查、数据管理、资金支持、提出想法、监督以及文章的审查、评论等全面指导;所有作者确认了论文的最终稿。
  • 基金资助:
    湖湘青年人才计划项目(2021RC3107); 湖南省优秀青年基金(2020JJ3053)

Abstract:

Background

Dyslipidemia has become one of the global public health issues. However, the relationship between air pollution and dyslipidemia has been rarely reported.

Objective

To explore the relationship between air pollutant exposure and dyslipidemia in middle-aged and elderly people in mining areas.

Methods

A total of 1 965 residents over 45 years old were sampled using cluster random sampling from mining areas in western Hunan from 2018 to 2019. The general data and lipid indices were obtained by using an interviewer-administered questionnaire survey, a physical examination and a laboratory test. The level of air pollution of the mining area was calculated by inverse distance weighted interpolation, and the average daily dose (ADDtotal) of air pollutants of each resident was calculated, and used to divide them into Q1 group (0.5-0.7 m3·kg-1·d-1, n=172), Q2 group (>0.7-0.9 m3·kg-1·d-1, n=870), Q3 group (>0.9-1.1 m3·kg-1·d-1, n=717), and Q4 group (>1.1 m3·kg-1·d-1, n=172). Unconditional Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between ADDtotal and dyslipidemia.

Results

The annual average concentration of PM2.5 in the two mining areas exceeded the National Air Quality Standard (Ⅱ). The prevalence rate of dyslipidemia was 25.3% (498/1 965). There were statistically significant differences in mean age and body mass index (BMI), prevalence of smoking and hypertension between patients with normal and dyslipidemia (P<0.05). The detection ratios of abnormal triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in Q1 to Q4 groups were statistically significant different (P<0.05). After adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, BMI, smoking, diabetes, drinking and other factors, unconditional Logistic regression analysis found that Q2, Q3 and Q4 groups had a greater risk of abnormal TG (P<0.05), and Q4 group also had a greater risk of abnormal total cholesterol (TC) (P<0.05), compared with group Q1 (with the lowest concentration of ADDtotal) .

Conclusion

The air pollutants in the two mining areas were mainly PM2.5, the ADDtotal of air pollutants was positively correlated with TC and TG anomalies, which provides a reference for further research on the relationship between air pollutant exposure and dyslipidemia.

Key words: Dyslipidemia, Air pollution, Middle aged, Aged, Risk factors, Root cause analysis

摘要:

背景

血脂异常已成为全球性公共卫生事件之一,然而空气污染与血脂异常的关系如何,目前报道较少。

目的

探讨矿区空气污染物暴露与中老年人血脂异常的关系。

方法

采用整群随机抽样的方法,于2018—2019年抽取湖南省西部两个矿区45岁以上的居民1 965人作为研究对象,通过问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查获取研究对象的一般资料和血脂指标,通过反距离权重插值法估算矿区空气污染物的浓度,并估算个体的每日平均摄入量(ADD),根据ADD水平,将研究对象分为Q1组(0.5~0.7 m3·kg-1·d-1n=172)、Q2组(>0.7~0.9 m3·kg-1·d-1n=870)、Q3组(>0.9~1.1 m3·kg-1·d-1n=717)、Q4组(>1.1 m3·kg-1·d-1n=206)。采用非条件Logistic回归分析探究研究对象ADD与血脂异常之间的关联。

结果

两个矿区PM2.5年平均浓度超出国家空气质量标准(Ⅱ级),研究对象血脂异常患病率为25.3%(498/1 965)。血脂正常与血脂异常者年龄、体质指数(BMI)、吸烟情况、高血压比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇异常检出率在Q1~Q4组中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。调整年龄、性别、高血压、BMI、吸烟、糖尿病、饮酒以及其他因素后,非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示ADD分组中,与Q1组相比,Q2、Q3、Q4组TG发生异常的风险较大(P<0.05),Q4组总胆固醇(TC)发生异常的风险较大(P<0.05)。

结论

两个矿区空气污染物以PM2.5为主,空气污染物ADD与TC、TG异常呈正相关,为研究空气污染物暴露与血脂异常的进一步研究提供了参考依据。

关键词: 血脂异常, 空气污染, 中年人, 老年人, 危险因素, 影响因素分析