中国全科医学 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (24): 2980-2985.DOI: 10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2022.0794

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

冠心病患者冠状动脉钙化及其严重程度的影响因素研究

任园园1, 程功1,*(), 蒋红英2, 王依阳2, 陈亮2, 赵慧2, 梁宸源2   

  1. 1.710068 陕西省西安市,陕西省人民医院心血管内科
    2.710068 陕西省西安市,西安医学院
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-16 修回日期:2022-12-30 出版日期:2023-08-20 发布日期:2023-02-02
  • 通讯作者: 程功

  • 作者贡献:任园园提出研究选题方向,负责病例资料的收集和整理,并撰写论文初稿;蒋红英进行病例资料的收集和整理;王依阳负责论文的修订;陈亮、赵慧、梁宸源负责提供患者的诊疗信息和病例资料;程功负责文章的质量控制及审校,对文章整体负责;所有作者确认了论文的最终稿。
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省中医药科研项目(2021-ZZ-ZY003); 陕西省人民医院2021年科技发展孵化基金项目(2021YJY-17)

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Coronary Artery Calcification and Its Severity in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

REN Yuanyuan1, CHENG Gong1,*(), JIANG Hongying2, WANG Yiyang2, CHEN Liang2, ZHAO Hui2, LIANG Chenyuan2   

  1. 1. Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
    2. Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an 710068, China
  • Received:2022-11-16 Revised:2022-12-30 Published:2023-08-20 Online:2023-02-02
  • Contact: CHENG Gong

摘要: 背景 经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)是冠心病的一种有效治疗手段,在PCI治疗过程中,面临着各种复杂病变,其中冠状动脉钙化(CAC)增加了PCI的难度、手术即刻风险及术后近、远期心血管不良事件的发生风险。早期识别和评估CAC对提高手术成功率、降低手术相关并发症、降低心血管事件及改善预后具有重要意义。 目的 探索冠心病患者CAC发生及严重程度的影响因素,为CAC的早期预防、诊断及PCI提供依据。 方法 回顾性收集2021年1—12月因胸痛或胸闷症状就诊于陕西省人民医院心血管内科,行冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查确诊为冠心病的患者353例,选取符合纳入标准的196例患者纳入本研究,对纳入患者行血管内超声(IVUS)检查,根据IVUS影像学资料的分析结果,将纳入患者分为非钙化组73例(钙化指数中位数=0),低钙化指数组62例(0.000 1≤钙化指数中位数≤0.216 6)和高钙化指数组61例(钙化指数中位数>0.216 6)。采用Spearman秩相关分析和多因素Logistic回归分析探究CAC严重程度及发生风险的影响因素。 结果 非钙化组、低钙化指数组和高钙化指数组之间的患者年龄、性别构成比、吸烟史、高血压史、糖尿病史、甲状腺疾病史、总蛋白、碱性磷酸酶、γ-谷氨酰基转移酶、白蛋白与球蛋白比值、三酰甘油-葡萄糖指数、三酰甘油、血磷、糖化血红蛋白比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析结果显示年龄、碱性磷酸酶水平、三酰甘油水平、血磷水平与CAC指数呈正相关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示高龄〔OR=1.05,95%CI(1.016,1.086)〕、高碱性磷酸酶水平〔OR=1.058,95%CI(1.028,1.090)〕、高三酰甘油水平〔OR=7.958,95%CI(3.224,19.643)〕、高血磷水平〔OR=8.596,95%CI(1.490,49.593)〕为CAC的危险因素。 结论 年龄、碱性磷酸酶水平、三酰甘油水平、血磷水平与CAC指数呈正相关;CAC发生的独立危险因素包括高龄、高碱性磷酸酶水平、高三酰甘油水平和高血磷水平。

关键词: 冠状动脉心脏病, 冠状动脉粥样硬化, 冠状动脉钙化, 血管内超声, 危险因素, 回顾性研究

Abstract:

Background

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an effective treatment for coronary heart disease in cardiology. A variety of complex lesions are faced during PCI, among which coronary artery calcification (CAC) increases the difficulty of PCI, immediate postoperative risk, short-term and long-term postoperative risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Early identification and assessment of CAC is important to improve surgical success rate, reduce postoperative complications and adverse cardiovascular events risks and improve prognosis.

Objective

To explore the influencing factors of CAC in patients with coronary heart disease, so as to provide evidence for early prevention, diagnosis and PCI of CAC.

Methods

From January to December 2021, 353 patients with coronary heart disease admitted to the Department of Cardiology of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital for chest pain or chest tightness and diagnosed with coronary artery disease by coronary angiography (CAG) . A total of 196 patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected and received intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) . The included patients were divided into 73 patients in the non-calcification group (median calcification index = 0) , 62 patients in the low-calcification index group (0.000 1≤median calcification index≤0.216 6) , 61 patients in the high-calcification index group (median calcification index > 0.216 6) . Spearman rank correlation and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of the severity and incidence of CAC.

Results

There were significant differences in age, sex composition ratio, history of smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease, total protein, alkaline phosphatase, glutamyl transferase, albumin-to-globulin ratio, triglyceride-glucose index, triglyceride, phosphorus and glycated hemoglobin among the non-calcification group, low-calcification index group and high-calcification index group (P<0.05) . Spearman rank correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between age, alkaline phosphatase level, triacylglycerol level, phosphorus level and CAC index (P<0.05) . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age〔OR=1.05, 95%CI (1.016, 1.086) 〕, high alkaline phosphatase level〔OR=1.058, 95%CI (1.028, 1.090) 〕, high triglyceride level〔OR=7.958, 95%CI (3.224, 19.643) 〕, high phosphorus level〔OR=8.596, 95%CI (1.490, 49.593) 〕are risk factors for CAC.

Conclusion

Age, alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride and phosphorus levels are positively correlated with the CAC index. Advanced age, high alkaline phosphatase, triacylglycerol and phosphorus levels are independent risk factors for coronary artery calcification.

Key words: Coronary heart diseases, Coronary atheroscleroses, Coronary artery calcification, Intravascular ultrasonography, Risk factors, Retrospective studies